The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rising with an aging population worldwide and is expected to surpass 130 million by 2050. India is no exception, but the true prevalence data on AD is not conclusive. By 2050, India will have almost 15% of the population aged 60 years or above.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Enteric infections are hypothesized to be associated with intussusception in children. A small increase in intussusception following rotavirus vaccination has been seen in some settings. We conducted post-marketing surveillance for intussusception following rotavirus vaccine, Rotavac introduction in India and evaluated association of intussusception with enteric pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to assess serum homocysteine levels and their relationship with serum vitamin B12, folate, and ferritin levels in transfusion-dependent thalassemic children. This study was proposed due to a paucity of literature regarding the status of homocysteine levels in thalassemic children and their relationship with the levels of vitamins and iron overload (serum ferritin values).
Methodology: A descriptive observational study was conducted on transfusion-dependent thalassemic children aged 1-18 years, who were registered at the Thalassemia Day Care Centre (TDCC), Umaid Hospital, Dr.
Background And Aims: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a significant public health concern transmitted by ticks. This study seeks to thoroughly grasp the epidemiology and transmission patterns of CCHF, which is caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), a member of the Nairovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family.
Methods: The study investigates the global distribution and endemicity of CCHF, its mortality rates, modes of transmission (including tick bites, contact with infected animal blood, and limited person-to-person transmission), and factors influencing its prevalence across different regions.
Background: Iron deficiency remains one of the globally recognized leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children, among developing countries like India as compared to the Western world.
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and iron deficiency without anemia (IDWA) among malnourished children.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department Of Pediatrics, Tertiary Care Hospital, Western Rajasthan.
A conceptual equilibrium-based mathematical model for colloid-associated contaminant transport has been developed to study the impact of the subsurface environment on contaminant transport through a three-dimensional, saturated, and homogeneous groundwater flow system with uniform flow. The kinetic model's critical limitation is dealing with the more significant number of parameters utilized upon application to larger scales in three-dimensional regions when a series of transport mechanisms are incorporated. Therefore, the present study is the first attempt to study the equilibrium approach in three-dimensional regions to avoid complexities in the model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis comprehensive exploration delves into the multifaceted attributes of quercetin, a flavonoid with extensive health-promoting potential. The review navigates through its fundamental properties, encompassing its chemical structure, classification as a flavonoid, and its natural prevalence in various sources. Addressing solubility, stability, and bioavailability challenges, the investigation delves into innovative isolation techniques, including solvent extraction, solid-phase extraction, natural deep eutectic solvents, supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, column chromatography, and high-performance thin-layer chromatography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLocal estrogen therapy has been explored as an alternative to conventional testosterone therapy in children requiring urethroplasty for hypospadias. Our objective is to evaluate if preoperative estrogen stimulation reduces post-urethroplasty complications and enhances penile dimensions. A systematic search was conducted on various databases, selecting only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that tested estrogen on hypospadias patients under 18 years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany ultrasound-guided procedures are available for administering analgesia via peripheral nerve blockade. This systematic review aims to compare different ultrasound-guided procedures to determine which procedure is better suited for pediatric abdominal surgeries. The objective is to understand the efficacy of ultrasound-guided procedures for postoperative pain management in children undergoing abdominal surgeries and to identify which procedure takes less time and is better suited for a particular surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne of the most fundamental aspects of cluster science is to understand the structural evolution at the atomic scale. In this connection, here we report a comprehensive study of the atomic and electronic structures of (CuO) clusters for = 1 to 12 using DFT-based formalisms. Both the plane wave-based pseudo-potential approach and LCAO-MO-based method have been employed to obtain the ground state geometries of neutral, cation and anion copper oxide clusters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe intricate anatomical and physiological barriers that prohibit pharmaceuticals from entering the brain continue to provide a noteworthy hurdle to the efficient distribution of medications to brain tissues. These barriers prevent the movement of active therapeutic agents into the brain. The present manuscript aims to describe the various aspects of brain-targeted drug delivery through the nasal route.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Literature on the efficacy and safety of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in pediatric patients is limited. Hence, we aimed to compare ESPB versus caudal epidural block (CEB) in children undergoing abdominal surgery.
Methods: In this patient and assessor-blind study, fifty-two ASA I-II patients, between 1 to 9 years of age, were randomized into groups of 26 each.
Aerogels are the 3D network of organic, inorganic, composite, layered, or hybrid-type materials that are used to increase the solubility of Class 1 (low solubility and high permeability) and Class 4 (poor solubility and low permeability) molecules. This approach improves systemic drug absorption due to the alveoli's broad surface area, thin epithelial layer, and high vascularization. Local therapies are more effective and have fewer side effects than systemic distribution because inhalation treatment targets the specific location and raises drug concentration in the lungs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe novel bovine viral infection known as lumpy skin disease is common in most African and Middle Eastern countries, with a significant likelihood of disease transfer to Asia and Europe. Recent rapid disease spread in formerly disease-free zones highlights the need of understanding disease limits and distribution mechanisms. Capripox virus, the causal agent, may also cause sheeppox and Goatpox.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cancer drug resistance remains a difficult barrier to effective treatment, necessitating a thorough understanding of its multi-layered mechanism.
Objective: This study aims to comprehensively explore the diverse mechanisms of cancer drug resistance, assess the evolution of resistance detection methods, and identify strategies for overcoming this challenge. The evolution of resistance detection methods and identification strategies for overcoming the challenge.
Rev Recent Clin Trials
May 2024
Confidence interval (CI) is one of the important reporting tools for research data as it not only provides valuable information about the effect size along with its width but also possible clinical significance. Unfortunately, this approach is not being utilized to its fullest extent. Determining point estimate always includes an element of uncertainty due to associated sampling error.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objective: Dyspnoea is a debilitating symptom in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a range of other chronic cardiopulmonary diseases and is often associated with anxiety and depression. The present study examined the effect of visually-induced mood shifts on exertional dyspnoea in individuals with COPD.
Methods: Following familiarization, 20 participants with mild to severe COPD (age 57-79 years) attended three experimental sessions on separate days, performing two 5-min treadmill exercise tests separated by a 30-min interval on each day.
Purpose: We aimed to study the ocular manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and the correlation of posterior segment lesions with CD4+ counts.
Methods: This hospital-based, cross-sectional study enrolled HIV-positive patients attending the ophthalmology department of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. Complete demographic information was obtained for each patient.
Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem
January 2024
Background: Patients with diabetes suffer from major complications like Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Coronary Artery Disease, and Diabetic Foot ulcers (DFUs). Diabetes complications are a group of ailments whose recovery time is especially delayed, irrespective of the underlying reason. The longer duration of wound healing enhances the probability of problems like sepsis and amputation.
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