Nanoprimers in sustainable seed treatment: Molecular insights into abiotic-biotic stress tolerance mechanisms for enhancing germination and improved crop productivity.

Abiotic and biotic stresses during seed germination are typically managed with conventional agrochemicals, known to harm the environment and reduce crop yields. Seeking sustainable alternatives, nanotechnology-based agrochemicals leverage unique physical and chemical properties to boost seed health and alleviate stress during germination. Nanoprimers in seed priming treatment are advanced nanoscale materials designed to enhance seed germination, growth, and stress tolerance by delivering bioactive compounds and nutrients directly to seeds.

Utility and timing of the respiratory rate-oxygenation index in the prediction of high-flow oxygen therapy failure in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure of infective etiology: a prospective observational study.

During and following the COVID-19 pandemic, the world has witnessed a surge in high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT) use. The ability to provide high oxygenation levels with remarkable comfort levels has been the grounds for the same. Despite the advantages, delays in intubation leading to poor overall outcomes have been noticed in subgroups of patients on HFOT.

Synthesis of (R)-3-(tert-Butoxycarbonylamino)-4-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic Acid, a Key Intermediate, and the Formal Synthesis of Sitagliptin Phosphate.

An alternate formal synthesis of Sitagliptin phosphate is disclosed from 2,4,5-trifluorobenzadehyde in 8 linear steps with an overall yield of 31%. The chiral β-amino acid moiety present in sitaglitpin is installed via an asymmetric hydrogenation followed by a stereoselective Hofmann rearrangement as the key steps. The key chiral intermediate Boc-amino acid 1 prepared by this novel route was further converted to Sitagliptin phosphate following the known literature protocol.

o-Iodoxybenzoic acid mediated oxidative desulfurization initiated domino reactions for synthesis of azoles.

A systematic exploration of thiophilic ability of o-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX) for oxidative desulfurization to trigger domino reactions leading to new methodologies for synthesis of different azoles is described. A variety of highly substituted oxadiazoles, thiadiazoles, triazoles, and tetrazoles have been successfully synthesized in good to excellent yields, starting from readily accessible thiosemicarbazides, bis-diarylthiourea, 1,3-disubtituted thiourea, and thioamides.

Heavy metal pollution of ambient air in Nagpur City.

Heavy metals released from different sources in urban environment get adsorbed on respirable particulate matter less than 10 μm in size (PM(10)) and are important from public health point of view causing morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the ambient air quality monitoring was carried out to study the temporal and special pattern in the distribution of PM(10) and associated heavy metal content in the atmosphere of Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India during 2001 as well as in 2006. PM(10) fraction was observed to exceed the stipulated standards in both years.