Improving postoperative survival in cholangiocarcinoma: development of surgical strategies with a screening program in the epidemic region.

Background: The Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP) has been launched since 2013 to detect early-stage cholangiocarcinoma and reduce the disease death. However, the clinical utility of the CASCAP remains unclear. To compare survival outcomes between two time periods: before and after 2013, when significant changes in treatment strategies were implemented, and to evaluate the efficacy of the ultrasound-based screening program, in an Asian region endemic for cholangiocarcinoma.

Intraductal magnetic resonance imaging of cholangiocarcinoma - a practical possibility.

Intraductal T2 mapping based on a catheter receiver is proposed as a method of visualizing the extent of intraductal and periductal cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Compared to external receivers, internal receivers provide locally enhanced signal-to-noise ratios by virtue of their lower field-of-view for body noise, allowing smaller voxels and higher resolution. However, inherent radial sensitivity variation and segmentation for patient safety both distort image brightness.

Mismatch Repair Deficiency Is a Prognostic Factor Predicting Good Survival of -Associated Cholangiocarcinoma at Early Cancer Stage.

Background: The mismatch repair (MMR) system prevents DNA mutation; therefore, deficient MMR protein (dMMR) expression causes genetic alterations and microsatellite instability (MSI). dMMR is correlated with a good outcome and treatment response in various cancers; however, the situation remains ambiguous in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of dMMR and investigate the correlation with clinicopathological features and the survival of CCA patients after resection.

Pathology of Cholangiocarcinoma.

The liver excretes bile through the biliary system, which has a complicated anatomical structure. Cholangiocarcinoma, a malignant bile duct epithelial tumor, is separated into intrahepatic and extrahepatic portions depending on the structure of the bile duct and exhibits both similarities and varieties in patient presentations and staging. The three main macroscopic characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma-mass formating, intraductal growth, and periductal infiltrating types-allow pathologists and surgeons to see and analyze the cancerous tissue.

Epidemiological evidence and association of human papillomavirus with esophageal cancer in northeastern Thailand: a case-control study.

Recently, epidemiological evidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and its association with the increasing risk of esophageal cancer (EC) have been described. However, the involvement of such a virus in the pathogenesis of EC is still inconclusive in the literature. Therefore, our objective was to clarify the epidemiology of HPV infections in primarily diagnosed EC cases and validate this correlation with hospital-based control patients using a retrospective study with a case-control model.

Relationship between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer in Thailand.

Objective: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a multifactorial disease and a leading cause of mortality. Epidemiological and molecular studies have provided evidence that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an important cause of gastric carcinogenesis and thus, may be related to EC.

Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in predicting outcome of distal cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.

Patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA) generally have poor outcomes because of late presentation and diagnosis. Therefore, prognostic factors for predicting outcomes are essential to improve therapeutic strategies and quality of life. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been reported as a prognostic predictor in several cancers.

Usefulness of NF2 hemizygous loss detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in diagnosing pleural mesothelioma in tissue and cytology material: A multi-institutional study.

Objectives: BAP1, CDKN2A, and NF2 are the most frequently altered genes in pleural mesotheliomas (PM). Discriminating PM from benign mesothelial proliferation (BMP) is sometimes challenging; it is well established that BAP1 loss, determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and CDKN2A homozygous deletion (HD), determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), are useful. However, data regarding the diagnostic utility of NF2 FISH in PM is limited.

CD44v6 expression in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: Clinicopathological correlation and prognosis.

Background: Clinical course of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GEP-NEN) patients are determined by complicated and multifaceted factors. Ki-67 has been used to predict the behavior of NEN with statistically significant high probability. Immunohistochemical prognostic markers other than Ki-67 have been reported, but due to insufficient validation, they have not been used routinely.

Modification of the eighth AJCC/UICC staging system for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: An alternative pathological staging system from cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand.

Aim: This study aims to improve the classification performance of the eighth American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) by proposing the Khon Kaen University (KKU) staging system developed in cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand.

Method: Four hundred eighty-eight patients with pCCA who underwent partial hepatectomy between 2002 and 2017 at the Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, were included. Overall survival (OS) related to clinicopathological features was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Modification of the AJCC/UICC 8th edition staging system for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: proposal for an alternative staging system from cholangiocarcinoma-prevalent Northeast Thailand.

Background: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) arises from bile ducts within the liver. Thailand has the highest incidence of CCA worldwide, with a high mortality rate. Early diagnosis and accurate prognostic stratification can improve overall survival.

Challenges and limitation of MTAP immunohistochemistry in diagnosing desmoplastic mesothelioma/sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma with desmoplastic features.

Aim: Genomic-based ancillary assays including immunohistochemistry (IHC) for BRCA-1 associated protein-1 (BAP1) and methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for CDKN2A are effective for differentiating pleural mesothelioma (PM) from reactive mesothelial proliferations. We previously reported a combination of MTAP and BAP1 IHC effectively distinguishes sarcomatoid PM from fibrous pleuritis (FP). Nevertheless, cases of sarcomatoid PM with desmoplastic features (desmoPM) are encountered where the IHC assessment is unclear.

The Impact of Pre-analytical Quality Initiatives on Cholangiocarcinoma Diagnostics in Thailand.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the most prevalent malignancy in Thailand, with unfortunate late diagnosis and frequent metastatic disease outcomes. An accurate tissue diagnosis is the first and most important step in the treatment of CCA. Tissue quality and preservation during the pre-analytical phase play major roles in the proper histological evaluation and potential biomarker testing.

Tropomyosin receptor kinase protein expression in Thai cholangiocarcinoma: Clinicopathological correlation, expression pattern, and prognosis.

Objective: Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) gene fusion was found in association with many tumors and could be a target of treatment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) expression of TRK is widely used to screening this alternation.

Aim: To investigate the expression of TRK protein detected by IHC in Thai cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) whereas the high endemic area of liver fluke infection and correlate with clinicopathological and survival data.

The relationship between P16 and TP53 promoter methylation and the risk and prognosis in patients with oesophageal cancer in Thailand.

DNA methylation can regulate the expression of tumour suppressor genes P16 and TP53, environmental factors, which are both important factors related to an increased risk and prognosis of oesophageal cancer (EC). However, the association between these two genes methylation status, as well as the effects of gene-environment interactions, EC risk remains unclear. A Hospital-based case-control study data were collected from 105 new EC cases and 108 controls.

Prognostic Significance of Growth Pattern in Predicting Outcome of -Associated Distal Cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand.

Distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA) is a rare type of CCA in Asia, even in -prevalent Northeastern Thailand. The clinical ambiguity and imprecision of diagnosis surrounding this malignancy result in high mortality due often to advanced/metastatic disease on presentation. We aim to identify a prognostic factor that can improve the performance stratification and influence the outcome of dCCA patients after curative resection.

Update of pathological diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma using genomic-based morphological techniques, for both histological and cytological investigations.

As more than 80% of pleural mesothelioma (PM) cases start with pleural effusions, diagnosis with effusion smear cytology or pleural biopsy is important. For diagnosing PM, a three-step approach is used: (1) detecting atypical cells; (2) verifying their mesothelial origin using immunohistochemistry (IHC); and (3) discriminating PM from benign mesothelial proliferations (BMP). The third step is critical for diagnosing early lesions.

Chromosomal aberrations, visualized using UroVysion® fluorescence in-situ hybridization assay, can predict poor prognosis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of cholangiocarcinoma patients.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor that has highest incidence in northeastern Thailand. The survival rate of CCA patients after receiving surgical treatment is quite low. Recently, genetic alterations including chromosome abnormalities have been studied as predictive factors and to aid planning for further treatment.

Metabolic Phenotyping Predicts Gemcitabine and Cisplatin Chemosensitivity in Patients With Cholangiocarcinoma.

Gemcitabine and cisplatin serve as appropriate treatments for patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Our previous study using histoculture drug response assay (HDRA), demonstrated individual response patterns to gemcitabine and cisplatin. The current study aimed to identify predictive biomarkers for gemcitabine and cisplatin sensitivity in tissues and sera from patients with CCA using metabolomics.

Adaptor protein XB130 regulates the aggressiveness of cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a group of heterogenous malignancies arising from bile duct epithelium with distinct pathological features. Adaptor proteins have implicated in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of different cancer cells. The objective of this study was to assess whether the adaptor protein XB130 (AFAP1L2) is a critical biological determinant of CCA outcome.

Association between infection with Campylobacter species, poor oral health and environmental risk factors on esophageal cancer: a hospital-based case-control study in Thailand.

Background: Previous studies have shown the association between Campylobacter species infection and that environmental factors, poor oral hygiene in particular, are linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer (EC). However, no study has reported on these factors in Thailand. Thus, this study's objective was to evaluate the impact of the relationship between Campylobacter infection and environmental factors on EC incidence in the population of Thailand.

High Levels of Serum IgG for and CD44 Expression Predict Worse Prognosis for Cholangiocarcinoma Patients after Curative Resection.

Background: (OV)-associated cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has a high immune response with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. CD44 and Nestin, two cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, play major roles in cancer cell survival. Effects of immune response and expression CSC markers on survival of patients with CCA remain unclear.

Sulfasalazine modifies metabolic profiles and enhances cisplatin chemosensitivity on cholangiocarcinoma cells in in vitro and in vivo models.

Background: Sulfasalazine (SSZ) is widely known as an xCT inhibitor suppressing CD44v9-expressed cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) being related to redox regulation. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has a high recurrence rate and no effective chemotherapy. A recent report revealed high levels of CD44v9-positive cells in CCA patients.