Publications by authors named "Prakashkumar Dobariya"
Human Paraoxonase 1: From Bloodstream Enzyme to Disease Fighter & Therapeutic Intervention.
Curr Protein Pept Sci
December 2024
Human paraoxonase 1 (hPON1) is a Ca2+-dependent metalloenzyme with multifunctional properties. Due to its diverse roles as arylesterase, phosphotriesterase, and lactonase, it plays a significant role in disease conditions. Researchers across the globe have demonstrated different properties of PON1, like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic, and OPneutralization.
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- The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a crucial role in various physiological processes and impacts multiple organs, with ACE being pivotal in managing pain-related peptides.
- ACE inhibitors (ACEis) are used to treat several disorders, but they may also cause side effects like increased pain sensitivity and mechanical allodynia.
- This review highlights the need for more research on ACE and its role in pain perception, given the complexity of RAS signaling and the effects of ACE substrates.
Article Synopsis
- * The study focuses on the role of Glyoxalase 1 (Glo-1) in regulating advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their activation of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE), both contributing to cell death during APAP toxicity.
- * Findings indicate that Glo-1 knockout mice exhibit greater oxidative stress and liver injury compared to regular mice, highlighting Glo-1's protective role and suggesting that generalized antioxidants like ψ-GSH can mitigate APAP toxicity
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- The endogenous opioid system helps regulate pain through the release of neuropeptides, but opioid peptides like enkephalins are quickly broken down by enzymes, limiting their effectiveness.
- A novel approach to manage pain involves developing inhibitors that prevent the breakdown of enkephalins, with previous studies identifying a promising compound that needs refinement to avoid toxic side effects.
- The new compound improved pain relief and showed strong interaction with opioid receptors, while further research indicated it has good stability in the body and supports the continued development of these inhibitors for better pain management.
Article Synopsis
- The endogenous opioid system manages pain through neuropeptides like enkephalins, but their effectiveness is limited because they are quickly broken down by enzymes.
- An innovative solution proposed is to create drugs that inhibit these enzymes, specifically puromycin sensitive aminopeptidase (PSA), to increase the stability and concentration of enkephalins for longer-lasting pain relief.
- New derivatives of existing compounds showed promise by maintaining PSA inhibition without causing toxicity, leading to significant pain reduction in tests, and confirming the role of opioid receptors in the analgesic effects observed.
Article Synopsis
- Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose leads to severe liver damage due to oxidative stress and the formation of harmful substances known as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that activate specific receptors (RAGE).
- The study investigated the role of an enzyme called Glyoxalase-1 (Glo-1) in protecting against APAP toxicity using specially modified mice that lack this enzyme and a treatment called ψ-GSH.
- Results indicated that mice without Glo-1 showed increased liver damage and oxidative stress when exposed to APAP, highlighting the critical role of Glo-1 in defense against liver injury from overdoses.
Angiogenesis is the physiological process that results in the formation of new blood vessels develop from pre-existing vasculature and plays a significant role in several physiological and pathological processes. Inhibiting angiogenesis, a crucial mechanism in the growth and metastasis of cancer, has been proposed as a potential anticancer therapy. Different studies showed the beneficial effects of angiogenesis inhibitors either in patients suffering from different cancers, alone or in combination with conventional therapies.
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- - 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) is an enzyme found in mitochondria and the cytoplasm that converts 3-mercaptopyruvate into hydrogen sulfide, a molecule that can help alleviate illnesses like cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders.
- - While other enzymes like cystathionine beta-synthase and cystathionine gamma-lyase are well-researched for their roles in producing hydrogen sulfide, the research on 3-MST's pathway is still limited and warrants further attention.
- - The text discusses the physiological and pathological significance of 3-MST and explores its potential as a therapeutic target for improving health outcomes.
Organophosphates (OPs) are highly neurotoxic compounds and certain OP-compounds are also exploited as a weapon of mass destruction and chemical warfare in terrorist attacks. Available prophylactic and post-exposure treatments are less effective and also have serious side-effects. Thus, there is a dire need to develop effective and safe prophylactic agent(s) against OP-poisoning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecombinant human interferon-β (rhIFN-β) is therapeutically important and new commercially viable approaches are needed for its increased production. In this study, a codon-optimized gene encoding for rhIFN-β protein was designed and expressed in SE1. As a first step of medium optimization, growth of as a function of different media components was studied.
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