Decoding speech intent from non-frontal cortical areas.

Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) have advanced greatly in decoding speech signals originating from the speech motor cortices. Primarily, these BMIs target individuals with intact speech motor cortices but who are paralyzed by disrupted connections between frontal cortices and their articulators due to brainstem stroke or motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A few studies have shown some information outside the speech motor cortices, such as in parietal and temporal lobes, that also may be useful for BMIs.

Unmasking High-Output Heart Failure: Beyond Conventional Paradigms.

Heart failure (HF) poses a significant medical challenge, affecting millions of adults in the United States. High-output heart failure (HOHF) is a distinct subtype characterized by elevated cardiac output exceeding 8 L/min or a cardiac index >4 L/min/m². Patients with HOHF often present similarly to those with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Association of Glycemic Variability with Outcomes in Non-diabetic Sepsis Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Glycemic variability (GV) is the third domain of sepsis-induced dysglycemia, after hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, potentially leading to adverse outcomes. This study analyzed the association of GV with in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS) in non-diabetic sepsis patients.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective observational study, non-diabetic sepsis patients were followed till day 14 of hospital stay, and blood glucose levels were assessed by finger-prick method (seven times per day) daily; clinico-laboratory and GV parameters [standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE)] were assessed on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 of admission.

Neurotrophomodulatory effect of TNF-α through NF-κB in rat cortical astrocytes.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a well-known pro-inflammatory cytokine originally recognized for its ability to induce apoptosis and cell death. However, recent research has revealed that TNF-α also plays a crucial role as a mediator of cell survival, influencing a wide range of cellular functions. The signaling of TNF-α is mediated through two distinct receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, which trigger various intracellular pathways, including NF-κB, JNK, and caspase signaling cascades.

Unravelling the photosynthetic dynamics and fluorescence parameters under ameliorative effects of 24-epibrassinolide in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under heat stress regime.

An experiment was performed at the Banaras Hindu University, India to study the effect of terminal heat stress on photosynthetic dynamics and fluorescence parameters of wheat genotypes and ameliorative effects of epibrassinolide by taking two genotypes with four concentrations as foliar spray at two growth stages of wheat. The highest values were observed in plots foliar sprayed with 1.0 µM 24-epibrassinolide (T1) under normal conditions (D1) where the genotype Sonalika (V1) performed significantly well w.

Evaluation of Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis, Omentin, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Subjects with Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Periodontal disease worsens glycemic control due to the bidirectional link between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), involving inflammatory markers such as soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and omentin-1. However, their combined role in T2DM with periodontitis has not been studied. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of these biomarkers in periodontitis patients with T2DM before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT).

Output sampling synchronization and state estimation in flux-charge domain memristive neural networks with leakage and time-varying delays.

This paper theoretically explores the coexistence of synchronization and state estimation analysis through output sampling measures for a class of memristive neural networks operating within the flux-charge domain. These networks are subject to constant delayed responses in self-feedback loops and time-varying delayed responses incorporated into the activation functions. A contemporary output sampling controller is designed to discretize system dynamics based on available output measurements, which enhances control performance by minimizing update frequency, thus overcoming network bandwidth limitations and addressing network synchronization and state vector estimation.

Lipids: Emerging Players of Microglial Biology.

Lipids are small molecule immunomodulators that play critical roles in maintaining cellular health and function. Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, regulate lipid metabolism both in the extracellular environment and within intracellular compartments through various mechanisms. For instance, glycerophospholipids and fatty acids interact with protein receptors on the microglial surface, such as the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2, influencing cellular functions like phagocytosis and migration.

Impact of Power and Time in Hepatic Microwave Ablation: Effect of Different Energy Delivery Schemes.

Microwave ablation often involves the use of continuous energy-delivery protocols with a fixed power and time. To achieve larger ablation zones, a range of protocols and power levels have been studied in experimental studies. The objective of the present study was to develop and experimentally evaluate the performance of a coupled computational electromagnetic-bioheat transfer model of 2.

Adrenocortical Cancer Cell uptake of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with poor prognosis, treated primarily through surgery and chemotherapy. Other treatments like radiation or thermal ablation for metastases have limited success, and recurrence is common. More effective management options are needed.

Prevalence of Different Dengue Serotypes in Northern India, 2021-2022: A Tertiary Care Hospital-Based Study.

Dengue fever is a substantial emerging and reemerging arboviral virus in tropical and subtropical areas that seriously threatens public health worldwide. India is experiencing rising dengue epidemics in urban and rural regions linked to all four serotypes. The objective is to examine the serotypes and genotypes of the circulating dengue virus (DENV) at a tertiary care center in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, from 2020 to 2021.

Development and Characterization of 3-Dimensional Cell Culture Models of Adrenocortical Carcinoma.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy of the adrenal cortex that is associated with a poor prognosis. Developing effective treatment options for ACC is challenging owing to the current lack of representative preclinical models. This study addressed this limitation by developing and characterizing 3-dimensional (3D) cell cultures incorporating the ACC cell lines, MUC-1, HAC15, and H295R in a type I collagen matrix.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of extract: molecular docking, dynamics, and ADMET properties for cancer treatment and anti-inflammatory activity.

Colorectal cancer remains a global health challenge, prompting the exploration of natural compounds for treatment. shows promise as a source of activity biomolecules. This study analyzed the dynamics, molecular docking and ADMET properties of the extract, highlighting interaction with inflammatory protein.

Role of miRNA-155 in macrophage polarisation in stage III/IV periodontitis with type II diabetes mellitus: An analytical case-control study.

Aim: To evaluate the role of miR-155 in macrophage polarisation in stage III/IV periodontitis with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: Sixty four patients were recruited and categorized into Group I-systemically and Periodontally healthy (n = 16), Group II-systemically healthy with Stage III/IV Periodontitis(n = 16), Group III-Periodontally healthy with T2DM (n = 16) and Group IV- Stage III/IV Periodontitis with T2DM(n = 16).Gingival tissue samples were collected and Real time-PCR was carried out for microRNA-155, TNF- α(marker for M1 phenotype) and Arg-1(marker for M2 phenotype) gene expression.

Fungal Rhinosinusitis: An integrated diagnostic approach.

Classification of fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS) based on histomorphology and clinical presentation aids in early diagnosis and prompt patient management. In this retrospective observational study, clinicopathologic findings in patients diagnosed with fungal rhinosinusitis between January 2019 and December 2021 were evaluated. Clinical and imaging findings were retrieved from hospital records; slides from routine and histochemical studies were reviewed, and the cases were classified into non-invasive [fungal ball (FB) and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS)] and invasive FRS [acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS), chronic invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CIFRS) and chronic invasive granulomatous fungal rhinosinusitis (CGFRS)].

Brainwave entrainment using binaural beats stimulation: Exploring the treatment efficacy in individuals with tinnitus having normal hearing sensitivity.

Objective: The study aimed to compare the efficacy of brainwave entrainment in the treatment of individuals with tinnitus having normal hearing sensitivity. The effect of binaural beats (BB) stimulation in reducing negative emotions and tinnitus handicap post-three months is explored in this longitudinal study.

Method: The study comprised sixty individuals (four groups) with tinnitus having normal hearing.

Antimicrobial efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine gel, triphala, and as intracanal medicaments against : A randomized clinical trial.

Context: Concerns about adverse reactions and the development of antibiotic resistance have prompted an alternative treatment strategy that utilizes traditional medicinal herbs.

Aim: This randomized control trial assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, Triphala, and as intracanal medicaments against .

Materials And Methods: Forty patients with nonvital teeth and single root canals were selected ( = 10).

Skin Flap Necrosis in Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection.

Inguinal skin flap necrosis (SFN) is a significant clinical problem associated with inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND). The aetiology of SFN is multifactorial, and its manifestations vary widely. Thermal damage caused by electrocautery during the elevation of the skin flap may contribute to this problem, which has not been studied previously.

Stochastic simulation to optimize rice breeding at IRRI.

Introduction: Genetic improvement in rice increased yield potential and improved varieties for farmers over the last decades. However, the demand for rice is growing while its cultivation faces challenges posed by climate change. To address these challenges, rice breeding programs need to adopt efficient breeding strategies to provide a steady increase in the rate of genetic gain for major traits.

Temporal single-cell RNA sequencing dataset of gastroesophagus development from embryonic to post-natal stages.

Gastroesophageal disorders and cancers impose a significant global burden. Particularly, the prevalence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has increased dramatically in recent years. Barrett's esophagus, a precursor of EAC, features a unique tissue adaptation at the gastroesophageal squamo-columnar junction (GE-SCJ), where the esophagus meets the stomach.

Compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and coping strategies of mental health professionals.

Background: The prevalence of compassion fatigue (CF) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) has been studied with a predominant focus on medical care professionals, indicating a significant presence of STS and CF among them. The present study has identified a dearth in the representation of mental healthcare professionals (MHPs), grouped by psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, psychiatry nurses, and psychiatric social workers within the Indian context.

Aim: To assess the degree of CF and STS and the subsequent coping mechanisms adopted by MHPs.

Effect of dietary Anabaena supplementation on nutrient utilization, metabolism and oxidative stress response in Catla catla fingerlings.

A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Anabaena blue-green algae (ABGA) meal on the growth performance, digestibility, and physio-metabolic responses of Catla catla fingerlings (initial average weight 9.45 ± 0.15 g).