Investigating the association of microRNA polymorphisms and lifestyle factors with the susceptibility to common gastrointestinal cancers in an Indian population- A case control study.

The cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have become a common diagnosis worldwide contributing to a large number of mortalities. Though potentially curable they are mostly fatal due to late diagnosis and lack of accurate diagnostic markers. microRNA, micromanagers of gene expression have been associated to have distinct roles as oncogenes or tumour suppressors in several cancers including GI cancers.

New MUSA classification of adenomyosis: correlation of symptoms and clinical severity with direct and indirect features.

Introduction: To correlate the direct and indirect morphological uterus sonographic assessment (MUSA) features of adenomyosis with clinical symptoms severity.

Material And Methods: This observational prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care institute from April 2023 to March 2024, involving 254 women aged 18 to 45 years with a regular menstrual cycle and ultrasound-confirmed diagnosis of adenomyosis. Detailed clinicodemographic data were collected, including symptoms such as painful menses, heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), chronic pelvic pain (CPP), and bowel/bladder symptoms.

Development and function of the medial amygdala.

Across studied vertebrates, the medial amygdala (MeA) is a central hub for relaying sensory information with social and/or survival relevance to downstream nuclei such as the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) and the hypothalamus. MeA-driven behaviors, such as mating, aggression, parenting, and predator avoidance are processed by different molecularly defined inhibitory and excitatory neuronal output populations. Work over the past two decades has deciphered how diverse MeA neurons arise from embryonic development, revealing contributions from multiple telencephalic and diencephalic progenitor domains.

Assessing the Molecular Heterogeneity of Prostate Cancer Biopsy Sampling: Insights from the MAST Trial.

Background And Objective: Prostate cancer (PC) heterogeneity can result in sampling discrepancies during biopsy, leading to inaccurate molecular classifications that affect treatment decisions. We evaluated transcriptomic profile variability between multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)-targeted biopsy (TBx) and systematic biopsy (SBx) methods using the Decipher GRID platform.

Methods: The study included 205 men from the MAST trial.

Harnessing the power of genomics to develop climate-smart crop varieties: A comprehensive review.

Abiotic stresses arising as consequences of climate change pose a serious threat to agricultural productivity on a global scale. Most cultivated crop varieties exhibit susceptibility to such environmental pressures as drought, salinity, and waterlogging. Addressing these abiotic stresses through agronomic means is not only financially burdensome but also often impractical, particularly in the case of abiotic stresses like heat stress.

Improved Osteoporosis Prediction in Breast Cancer Patients Using a Novel Semi-Foundational Model.

Small cohorts of certain disease states are common especially in medical imaging. Despite the growing culture of data sharing, information safety often precludes open sharing of these datasets for creating generalizable machine learning models. To overcome this barrier and maintain proper health information protection, foundational models are rapidly evolving to provide deep learning solutions that have been pretrained on the native feature spaces of the data.

Mood Lifters for graduate students: Preventing the escalation of anxiety.

Previous research has shown that Mood Lifters for Graduate Students (ML-GS) is efficacious in the treatment of anxiety symptoms. The current study assesses the efficacy of ML-GS in preventing escalation of anxiety among graduate students during a clinical trial. 100 participants from the clinical trial were included in analysis (62 ML-GS; 38 waitlist) because they started with nonclinical symptoms of anxiety.

Association Between Metabolic Health and Bone Mineral Density Using CT in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Under 65: A Retrospective Chart Review.

Introduction: Metabolic conditions such as diabetes, and dyslipidemia are prevalent in the United States (US), serving as potential risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to examine the association between various metabolic markers and Hounsfield Units (HU) from L1 vertebral CT scans as indicators of bone mineral density (BMD) in HCC patients under age 65.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on HCC patients under 65.

Evaluating 4Kscore's role in predicting progression on active surveillance for prostate cancer independently of clinical information and PIRADS score.

Background: 4Kscore is used to aid the decision for prostate biopsy, however its role in active surveillance (AS) has not been investigated in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based protocol. Our objective was to assess the association between 4Kscore and progression in men undergoing AS on a prospective MRI-based protocol.

Methods: This was a single-institution, single-arm, non-therapeutic, interventional trial of 166 men with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer enrolled between 2014-2020.

Unravelling the anti-apoptotic role of Plasmodium falciparum Prohibitin-2 (PfPhb2) in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.

The functional mitochondrion is vital for the propagation of the malaria parasite in the human host. Members of the SPFH protein family, Prohibitins (PHBs), are known to play crucial roles in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular functions. Here, we have functionally characterized the homologue of the Plasmodium falciparumProhibitin-2 (PfPhb2) protein.

Cellulose acetate membranes loaded with WO/g-CN: a synergistic approach for effective photocatalysis.

The objective of this study is to develop an efficient, easily recoverable membrane-based photocatalyst for removing organic pollutants from aqueous solutions. This study documents the effective synthesis of a novel composite photocatalyst comprising WO/g-CN(WCN) loaded onto cellulose acetate (CA). The physicochemical properties of the synthesized nanocomposites were validated using a range of techniques, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.

Extreme Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Case Series of Procedures Requiring Five or More Access Tracts.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) remains the gold standard treatment for patients with complete staghorn stones, for which multiple access tracts may be required. In this study, we describe a series of patients undergoing PCNL with a minimum of five dilated access tracts. We performed a multi-institutional retrospective review of 10 patients with complete staghorn stones who underwent PCNL requiring five or more access tracts.

Analysis of posture and balance impairments in individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain-an observational study.

Background: Neck pain is one of the most burdensome chronic musculoskeletal problems globally. Impaired proprioception is associated with Chronic Nonspecific neck pain as the structures of the cervical spine are crucial for proprioception and balance. There is a paucity of literature examining objective measures of balance and postural sway in patients with Nonspecific neck pain.

Risk Factors for Stroke in Children with Tuberculous Meningitis: A Prospective Observational Study.

Objective: The purpose of the study is to establish the prevalence of stroke as well as the clinical and radiological correlates of stroke in children with tuberculous meningitis (TBM).

Methods And Materials: A prospective observational study was conducted at the Pediatric Department, King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Using a computed tomography (CT) scan/brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), patients were divided into stroke and non-stroke groups.

Appearances can be deceptive - Innocuous swelling on the gingiva masking an aggressive lesion within the maxilla.

The central giant cell granuloma displays a varied biologic behaviour ranging from simple reactive lesions to aggressive neoplasms. The pathogenicity still remains enigmatic and needs to be differentiated from other giant cell containing lesions. Both maxilla and mandible are affected and 80% involve the region anterior to the first premolar region.

Hierarchically, Low Band Gap Nanohybrid InVO-CdS Heterojunction for Visible Light-Driven Toxic Organic Dye Degradations.

The synthesis of InVO-CdS heterojunction photocatalysts has been achieved by a novel two-step approach, including a microwave-assisted technique, followed by a moderate hydrothermal method, marking the first successful instance of such a synthesis. X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, elemental color mapping, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Raman analysis, photoluminescence, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller were employed to investigate the crystal structures, surface morphologies and particle sizes, chemical compositions, and optical characteristics of the as-synthesized materials. The research results indicated that the heterojunction InVO-CdS, as synthesized, consisted of InVO microrods with an average size of around 15 nm and cadmium sulfide (CdS) microflowers with a diameter of 1.

Unique genetic architecture of prolificacy in 'Sikkim Primitive' maize unraveled through whole-genome resequencing-based DNA polymorphism.

'Sikkim Primitive' maize landrace, unique for prolificacy (7-9 ears per plant) possesses unique genomic architecture in branching and inflorescence-related gene(s), and locus Zm00001eb365210 encoding glycosyltransferases was identified as the putative candidate gene underlying QTL (qProl-SP-8.05) for prolificacy. The genotype possesses immense usage in breeding high-yielding baby-corn genotypes.

Development and feasibility of a mindfulness-based dance/movement therapy intervention for chronic low back pain.

Introduction: Responding to the need for innovative, multi-modal, non-pharmacological strategies in chronic low back pain (cLBP) care, this article presents the development and a mixed methods feasibility trial of a manualized Mindfulness-based Dance/Movement Therapy (M-DMT) program for cLBP. The 12-week program is designed as a group therapy, integrating mindfulness principles, creative/expressive dance and movement, and psychoeducational content focused on cLBP management. This holistic program seeks to cultivate nonjudgmental awareness of pain experiences, challenge maladaptive pain-related beliefs, enhance emotional well-being, foster social support, and promote effective coping strategies for the daily challenges associated with cLBP.

Evaluating the Clinical Equivalence of Truwax® and Ethicon® Bone Waxes for Sternal Wound Hemostasis: A Prospective Randomized Study.

Background: Incidence of sternal dehiscence, wound infection, and mortality are prevalent following sternotomy. Bone wax is widely used over the sternal edges for augmenting hemostasis. This study evaluated the clinical equivalence of Truwax (Healthium Medtech Limited, Bengaluru, India) with Ethicon (Johnson & Johnson, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States) bone wax for sternal wound hemostasis in subjects undergoing surgical procedures by sternotomy.

PE-Ynet: a novel attention-based multi-task model for pulmonary embolism detection using CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) scan images.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) has diverse manifestations with different etiologies such as venous thromboembolism, septic embolism, and paradoxical embolism. In this study, a novel attention-based multi-task model is proposed for PE segmentation and detection from Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography (CTPA) images. A Y-Net architecture is used to implement this model, which facilitates segmentation and classification jointly, improving performance and efficiency.

Mood Lifters for Graduate Students and Young Adults: A Mixed-Methods Investigation into Mechanisms of Change in Online Group Therapy.

Mood Lifters (ML) is a dimensional, group-based, peer-led mental health program that has shown efficacy in mitigating psychopathology and promoting wellness within a variety of populations. There is not yet evidence for mechanism(s) driving these changes. Qualitative data exploring the lived experiences of participants may be a unique way to develop hypotheses about the potential mechanisms driving change.