Teaching neuroimages: neurocysticercosis with subretinal cyst.

A 30-year-old woman presented with headache and diminution of vision of 2 weeks' duration. Visual acuity was finger counting at 1 meter in the right eye. Fundus examination showed a subretinal cyst (figure 1A).

Evaluation of cerebral white-matter micro-structural alterations in patients with medically refractory epilepsy using diffusion tensor tractography.

Introduction: Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) is a newer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that helps in evaluation of white matter. Presurgical planning with tractography may be valuable for evaluation of white matter tracts and their relationship with epileptogenic focus and for evaluation of cortical fibres around the epileptogenic zone.

Methods: This study was carried out on 33 patients diagnosed with medically refractory epilepsy (males, 27; females, 6) with a mean age of 31.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of thoracic spine: case report and brief review of literature.

A 16-year-old girl was admitted with insidious onset, gradually progressive spastic sensori-motor paraparesis, with a sensory level at D10 dermatome without bowel or bladder involvement for the last 2 months following trivial trauma on the lower back. MRI of the spine showed a low-to-intermediate signal intensity, heterogeneous mass with multiple fluid levels. A diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst was made.

Hepatic myelopathy: an unusual neurological complication of chronic liver disease presenting as quadriparesis.

Hepatic myelopathy is a rare neurological complication of chronic liver disease, which is usually seen in adults, presenting as pure motor spastic paraparesis. It is almost always associated with portosystemic shunts and hepatic decompensation. We report a rare case of a young adult man presenting as rapidly progressive spastic quadriparesis because of hepatic myelopathy and associated spontaneous splenorenal shunt and early hepatic decompensation.

Early treatment causes clinicoradiological reversal of myelopathy due to vitamin B12 deficiency.

Vitamin B12 deficiency has a wide spectrum of clinical presentation with a variety of neurological symptoms and signs. As a result, many patients lack classic features of advanced severe deficiency. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in order to prevent the irreversible damage to the nervous system.

Isolated thalamic tuberculoma presenting as ataxic hemiparesis.

Lacunar syndrome is a neurodeficit secondary to a deep cerebral lesion, usually because of microatheroma of small arteries. Ataxic hemiparesis (AH) is a lacunar syndrome with unilateral pyramidal weakness and ipsilateral ataxia. Thalamic tuberculoma, as a cause of AH, has not been previously described in the literature.

Valproate-induced encephalopathy with predominant pancerebellar syndrome.

Valproate-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy is a rare event clinically characterized by impaired sensorium, vomiting, headache, seizures and focal neurological deficits. The pathogenesis of this dreadful complication is not well understood, although hyperammonemia has been implicated in causation of encephalopathy. In this submission, we have highlighted a case of valproate-induced encephalopathy who presented mainly with bilateral cerebellar features and generalized slowing on electroencephalogram.