Multi GPU parallelization of maximum likelihood expectation maximization method for digital rock tomography data.

Digital rock is an emerging area of rock physics, which involves scanning reservoir rocks using X-ray micro computed tomography (XCT) scanners and using it for various petrophysical computations and evaluations. The acquired micro CT projections are used to reconstruct the X-ray attenuation maps of the rock. The image reconstruction problem can be solved by utilization of analytical (such as Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) algorithm) or iterative methods.

ROX index as a good predictor of high flow nasal cannula failure in COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Prediction of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) failure in COVID-19 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) may improve clinical management and stratification of patients for optimal treatment. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine performance of ROX index as a predictor of HFNC failure.

Materials And Methods: Systematic search was performed in electronic databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) for articles published till 15 June 2021 investigating ROX index as a predictor for HFNC failure.

The temperature-regulated DEAD-box RNA helicase CrhR interactome: Autoregulation and photosynthesis-related transcripts.

RNA helicases play crucial functions in RNA biology. In plants, RNA helicases are encoded by large gene families, performing roles in abiotic stress responses, development, the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression as well as house-keeping functions. Several of these RNA helicases are targeted to the organelles, mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Coping with the aftermath of COVID: Industrial resurgence, mental health, and resilience.

COVID-19 pandemic has affected billions of people worldwide. Economies world over have suffered slowdown with a direct impact on industry. The vulnerable industrial worker has suffered both financially and mentally.

Adult attention-deficit Hyperactivity disorder: From clinical reality toward conceptual clarity.

There is ambiguity about the clinical picture and concept of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. Relevant literature was extracted from various search engines, analyzed, and interpreted. Available literature suggests a significant prevalence of ADHD in the adult population affecting the quality of socio-occupational functioning.

Does application of complexity theory simplify concepts of psychiatry: Analogies and insights.

Scientific curiosity has not been able to explain the cause of psychiatric illness based on primarily biological or social paradigm. Available literatures were explored to understand causality of psychiatric illness from perspective of physics. Theory of complexity and other relevant theories were extrapolated to address these questions.

Unsupervised Machine Learning to Identify Separable Clinical Alzheimer's Disease Sub-Populations.

Heterogeneity among Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients confounds clinical trial patient selection and therapeutic efficacy evaluation. This work defines separable AD clinical sub-populations using unsupervised machine learning. Clustering (t-SNE followed by k-means) of patient features and association rule mining (ARM) was performed on the ADNIMERGE dataset from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Binary photoacoustic tomography for improved vasculature imaging.

Significance: The proposed binary tomography approach was able to recover the vasculature structures accurately, which could potentially enable the utilization of binary tomography algorithm in scenarios such as therapy monitoring and hemorrhage detection in different organs.

Aim: Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) involves reconstruction of vascular networks having direct implications in cancer research, cardiovascular studies, and neuroimaging. Various methods have been proposed for recovering vascular networks in photoacoustic imaging; however, most methods are two-step (image reconstruction and image segmentation) in nature.

A Comparative Study of Pharmacopoeial Quality Standards and Regulations of Radiopharmaceuticals.

Radiopharmaceutical preparations are the important pharmaceutical dosage forms used for the diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. Various pharmacopoeias are having methods for the quality control of these preparations in the form of monographs. Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) also included these monographs in IP 2014 first time with the help of an experts' group on radiopharmaceutical, drawing expertise from elite stakeholder institutions and the core team of Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission.

Comparative genome analysis of Kh10-101 reveals insights into adaptive mechanisms for halo-alkali tolerance.

Unlabelled: is a halo-alkaliphile with optimal growth at pH 10 and 5% NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis revealed habitat-dependent segregation of , with all the alkalihalophiles forming a separate clade. It uses acidification of the external medium and pH-dependent cell wall reinforcement to survive sodic environments.

Assessment of depression, anxiety and stress in COVID-19 infected individuals and their families.

Background: Pandemics have been associated with widespread psychological distress in the normal population due to quarantine and lockdown, however there are only few studies on psychiatric symptoms in COVID infected patients and their families. This study was planned to assess the depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms in individuals and their families infected with COVID19, during current pandemic.

Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted on hospitalised, COVID infected patients and their immediate family members.

Unmasking Steps in Intramolecular Aromatic Hydroxylation by a Synthetic Nonheme Oxoiron(IV) Complex.

In this study, a methyl group on the classic tetramethylcyclam (TMC) ligand framework is replaced with a benzylic group to form the metastable [Fe (O )(Bn3MC)] (2-syn; Bn3MC=1-benzyl-4,8,11-trimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) species at -40 °C. The decay of 2-syn with time at 25 °C allows the unprecedented monitoring of the steps involved in the intramolecular hydroxylation of the ligand phenyl ring to form the major Fe -OAr product 3. At the same time, the Fe (Bn3MC) (1) precursor to 2-syn is re-generated in a 1:2 molar ratio relative to 3, accounting for the first time for all the electrons involved and all the Fe species derived from 2-syn as shown in the following balanced equation: 3 [Fe (O)(L )] (2-syn)→2 [Fe (L )] (3)+[Fe (L )] (1)+H O.

NOTTO COVID-19 Vaccine Guidelines for Transplant Recipients.

In December 2019, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection started in Wuhan and resulted in a pandemic within a few weeks' time. Organ transplant recipients being at a risk for more severe COVID-19 if they get SARS CoV-2 viral infection, COVID-19 vaccine has a significant role in these patients. The vaccine is a safer way to help build protection and would either prevent COVID-19 infection or at least diminish the severity of the disease.

How important are fluctuations in the treatment of internal friction in polymers?

The Rouse model with internal friction (RIF), a widely used theoretical framework to interpret the effects of internal friction on conformational transitions in biomolecules, is shown to be an approximate treatment that is based on preaveraging internal friction. By comparison with Brownian dynamics simulations of an exact coarse-grained model that incorporates fluctuations in internal friction, the accuracy of the preaveraged model predictions is examined both at and away from equilibrium. While the two models predict intrachain autocorrelations that approach each other for long enough chain segments, they differ in their predictions for shorter segments.

Label-free rapid electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization using ultrasensitive standalone CNT aerogel biosensor.

We report the development of an ultrasensitive label-free DNA biosensor device with fully integrated standalone carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogel electrode. The multi-directional tenuous network of clustered CNT embedding into the CNT aerogel electrode demonstrates linear ohmic and near isotropic electrical properties, thereby providing high sensitivity for nucleic acid detection. Using this device, the target DNA hybridization is detected by a quantifiable change in the electrochemical impedance, with a distinct response to the single-stranded probe alone or double-stranded target-probe complex.

Polymer-mediated interaction between nanoparticles during hydration and dehydration: a small-angle X-ray scattering study.

Polymer-mediated interactions such as DNA-protein binding, protein aggregation, and filler reinforcement in polymers play crucial roles in many important biological and industrial processes. In this work, we report a detailed investigation of interactions between nanoparticles in the presence of high volume fractions of an adsorbing polymer. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) revealed the existence of a stable gel-like structure in the polymer-nanoparticle dispersion, whereby anchored polymer molecules on nanoparticles acted as bridging centres, while basic interactions between nanoparticles remained repulsive.

Impact of COVID-19 on Psychological and Emotional Well-being of Healthcare Workers.

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the last few months has disrupted the healthcare system globally. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological and emotional well-being of healthcare workers (HCWs).

Materials And Methods: We conducted an online, cross-sectional, multinational survey, assessing anxiety [using Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Scale: GAD-2 and GAD-7], depression (using Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), and insomnia (using Insomnia Severity Index Scale), among HCWs across India, the Middle East, and North America.

Retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-induced chronic kidney disease.

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with kidney damage. In India, only a few reports related to the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with NSAIDs are available. The present study highlights the prevalence and pattern of NSAIDs-induced CKD adverse drug reactions in the Indian population.

Is psychiatric morbidity in chronic migraine associated with poor outcome: Experience from a tertiary care centrer.

Introduction: Chronic Migraine is defined as headache occurring on 15 or more days/month for more than 3 months, which, on at least 8 days/month, has the features of migraine headache. This constitutes 10%-15% of all migraine patients in a neurology clinic. Literature on psychological comorbidities of chronic migraine in India is scant and it will improve overall patient care once discerned.

A sham-controlled trial of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and its effects on craving in patients with alcohol dependence.

Aim: The aim of this study is to study the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in craving in drug-naive male inpatients of alcohol dependence syndrome.

Methods: A single-blind randomized sham-controlled study involving sixty inpatients of alcohol dependence syndrome in a tertiary care center. Following detoxification and consent, the patients were allocated into either active or sham groups for rTMS protocol.

Workplace based assessment: A review of available tools and their relevance.

Workplace-based assessment (WPBA) appears to be a promising tool for more comprehensive assessment of the learners. Relevant literature in this direction was collated and analyzed for its relevance, salience, and merit. Many WPBA tools are being used by various educational institutions which spans across multiple domains and over the entire duration of the workplace learning.

Role of various lifestyle and behavioral strategies in positive mental health across a preventive to therapeutic continuum.

There is growing interest in lifestyle and behavioral strategies not only in prevention but also in the management of psychiatric morbidity. Available literature in this direction was accessed, and the role of various lifestyle and behavioral factors was explored. There is strong evidence of the role of good sleep, nutritious diet, exercise, social connectedness, enhanced self-esteem, sense of purpose in life, resilience, mindfulness, and environmental mastery in the promotion of mental well-being and prevention and management of psychiatric disorders.