A high-throughput capillary isoelectric focusing immunoassay for fingerprinting protein sialylation.

The serum half-life, biological activity, and solubility of many recombinant glycoproteins depend on their sialylation. Monitoring glycoprotein sialylation during cell culture manufacturing is, therefore, critical to ensure product efficacy and safety. Here a high-throughput method for semi-quantitative fingerprinting of glycoprotein sialylation using capillary isoelectric focusing immunoassay on NanoPro (Protein Simple) platform was developed.

Matrix metalloproteinase-20 mediates dental enamel biomineralization by preventing protein occlusion inside apatite crystals.

Reconstruction of enamel-like materials is a central topic of research in dentistry and material sciences. The importance of precise proteolytic mechanisms in amelogenesis to form a hard tissue with more than 95% mineral content has already been reported. A mutation in the Matrix Metalloproteinase-20 (MMP-20) gene results in hypomineralized enamel that is thin, disorganized and breaks from the underlying dentin.

Xpert MTB/RIF assay can be used on archived gastric aspirate and induced sputum samples for sensitive diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in children is neglected, mainly due to lack of sensitive diagnostic tools. Recently Xpert MTB/RIF assay has revolutionized the diagnostic field, but its usefulness in pediatric TB has not been reported from India and no report is available on its use on long term archived samples.

Methods: We recruited 130 pediatric patients with probable intrathoracic tuberculosis and their gastric aspirate (GA) and induced sputum (IS) samples on 2 consecutive days were collected between January 2009 and December 2012.

High prevalence of primary drug resistance in children with intrathoracic tuberculosis in India.

Background: Drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates is crucial for the effective treatment of tuberculosis. Data on DST patterns in Mtb isolates in childhood tuberculosis are scanty.

Aims: To determine drug resistance patterns in Mtb isolates from a paediatric TB cohort in North India.

Reliability of third molar development for age estimation in Gujarati population: A comparative study.

Background: Age assessment may be a crucial step in postmortem profiling leading to confirmative identification. In children, Demirjian's method based on eight developmental stages was developed to determine maturity scores as a function of age and polynomial functions to determine age as a function of score.

Aim: Of this study was to evaluate the reliability of age estimation using Demirjian's eight teeth method following the French maturity scores and Indian-specific formula from developmental stages of third molar with the help of orthopantomograms using the Demirjian method.

The Effect of Primer on Bond Strength of Silicone Prosthetic Elastomer to Polymethylmethacrylate: An in vitro Study.

Introduction: The aim of the study is to evaluate interfacial bond strength between silicone prosthetic elastomers and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA).

Materials And Methods: Silicone elastomers were attached to PMMA and a total 120 specimens were fabricated which were then subdivided into 12 sub-groups. Each sample was then subjected to laboratory test to determine the bond strength.

The Application of GeneXpert MTB/RIF for Smear-Negative TB Diagnosis as a Fee-Paying Service at a South Asian General Hospital.

The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay (Xpert) is a novel automated diagnostic tool for tuberculosis but its optimal placement in the healthcare system has not been determined. The objective of this study was to determine the possibility of additional case detection for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) by offering Xpert to smear-negative patients in a low-HIV burden setting with no Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.

Surveillance of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in India using the kelch13 molecular marker.

Malaria treatment in Southeast Asia is threatened with the emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Genome association studies have strongly linked a locus on P. falciparum chromosome 13 to artemisinin resistance, and recently, mutations in the kelch13 propeller region (Pfk-13) were strongly linked to resistance.

Total synthesis of 6-deoxypladienolide D and Assessment of Splicing Inhibitory Activity in a Mutant SF3B1 cancer cell line.

A total synthesis of the natural product 6-deoxypladienolide D (1) has been achieved. Two noteworthy attributes of the synthesis are (1) a late-stage allylic oxidation which proceeds with full chemo-, regio-, and diastereoselectivity and (2) the development of a scalable and cost-effective synthetic route to support drug discovery efforts. 6-Deoxypladienolide D (1) demonstrates potent growth inhibition in a mutant SF3B1 cancer cell line, high binding affinity to the SF3b complex, and inhibition of pre-mRNA splicing.

Analysis of co-assembly and co-localization of ameloblastin and amelogenin.

Epithelially-derived ameloblasts secrete extracellular matrix proteins including amelogenin, enamelin, and ameloblastin. Complex intermolecular interactions among these proteins are believed to be important in controlling enamel formation. Here we provide in vitro and in vivo evidence of co-assembly and co-localization of ameloblastin with amelogenin using both biophysical and immunohistochemical methods.

Protein trafficking in infected red cells and impact of the expansion of exported protein families.

Erythrocytes are extensively remodelled by the malaria parasite following invasion of the cell. encodes numerous virulence-associated and host-cell remodelling proteins that are trafficked to the cytoplasm, the cell membrane and the surface of the infected erythrocyte. The export of soluble proteins relies on a sequence directing entry into the secretory pathways in addition to an export signal.

Lineage of origin in rhabdomyosarcoma informs pharmacological response.

Lineage or cell of origin of cancers is often unknown and thus is not a consideration in therapeutic approaches. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (aRMS) is an aggressive childhood cancer for which the cell of origin remains debated. We used conditional genetic mouse models of aRMS to activate the pathognomonic Pax3:Foxo1 fusion oncogene and inactivate p53 in several stages of prenatal and postnatal muscle development.

Algae mediated treatment and bioenergy generation process for handling liquid and solid waste from dairy cattle farm.

In the present work four algae were tested for their biomass production potential in neat livestock wastewater. Chroococcus sp.1 was found to be the best for biomass production under controlled (2.

Secreted meningeal chemokines, but not VEGFA, modulate the migratory properties of medulloblastoma cells.

Leptomeningeal metastasis is a cause of morbidity and mortality in medulloblastoma, but the understanding of molecular mechanisms driving this process is nascent. In this study, we examined the secretory chemokine profile of medulloblastoma cells (DAOY) and a meningothelial cell line (BMEN1). Conditioned media (CM) of meningothelial cells increased adhesion, spreading and migration of medulloblastoma.

Preparation and evaluation of sublingual tablets of zolmitriptan.

Aim: Zolmitriptan is a 5-HT receptor agonist (1B/1D). It is used in the acute treatment of migraine having low bioavailability about 40% orally due to hepatic first pass metabolism. The purpose of the present research was to formulate fast acting sublingual tablets of zolmitriptan.

Comparison of Xpert MTB/RIF with line probe assay for detection of rifampin-monoresistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The MTBDRplus line probe assay (LPA) and Xpert MTB/RIF have been endorsed by the World Health Organization for the rapid diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, there is no clarity regarding the superiority of one over the other. In a double-blinded prospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of the Xpert MTB/RIF on samples that were first tested by LPA under the revised national tuberculosis control program of India.

Bioconversion of algae to methane and subsequent utilization of digestate for algae cultivation: a closed loop bioenergy generation process.

The present investigation was targeted on anaerobic digestion of Chroococcus sp. and utilization of resultant "Liquid Digestate" for its further biomass production. The algal biomass has biomethane potential of 317.

Identification of a vir-orthologous immune evasion gene family from primate malaria parasites.

The immune evasion gene family of malaria parasites encodes variant surface proteins that are expressed at the surface of infected erythrocytes and help the parasite in evading the host immune response by means of antigenic variation. The identification of Plasmodium vivax vir orthologous immune evasion gene family from primate malaria parasites would provide new insight into the evolution of virulence and pathogenesis. Three vir subfamilies viz.

High-throughput ion exchange purification of positively charged recombinant protein in the presence of negatively charged dextran sulfate.

Product quality analyses are critical for developing cell line and bioprocess producing therapeutic proteins with desired critical product quality attributes. To facilitate these analyses, a high-throughput small-scale protein purification (SSP) is required to quickly purify many samples in parallel. Here we develop an SSP using ion exchange resins to purify a positively charged recombinant growth factor P1 in the presence of negatively charged dextran sulfate supplemented to improve the cell culture performance.

Prediction of pre-eclampsia by a combination of maternal history, uterine artery Doppler, and mean arterial pressure (a prospective study of 200 cases).

Objective: To determine the clinical value of uterine artery Doppler Pulsatility index (PI) at 22-24 + 6 weeks scan and importance of maternal history and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the prediction of pre-eclampsia.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective screening study of 200 women with singleton pregnancy. Maternal history and blood pressure were recorded, and MAP was calculated.

The nuances of atherogenic dyslipidemia in diabetes: focus on triglycerides and current management strategies.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a pandemic disease and an important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. The atherogenic dyslipidemia in diabetes (ADD) is characterized by high serum triglycerides, high small dense LDL levels, low HDL levels and postprandial lipemia. Insulin resistance is a primary cause for ADD.

Microscopic computed tomography-based virtual histology of embryos.

Advances in imaging technologies and computational capabilities have made possible novel methods for phenotypic assessments and visualization of detailed anatomical structures of whole embryos. We recently reported a rapid and inexpensive technique for achieving high-resolution virtual histology for phenotyping assessment of mouse embryos (Johnson et al., PLoS Genet 2:e61, 2006).

Microscopic computed tomography-based skeletal phenotyping for genetic model organisms.

Forward and reverse genetics now enable researchers to understand embryonic and postnatal gene functioning in a wide range of species. Some genetic mutations cause obvious morphological change, whereas other mutations can lead to more subtle phenotypes and might be overlooked without adequate observations and quantifications. Due to the increase in number of genetic model organisms examined by the growing field of phenomics, standardized but sensitive methods for quantitative analysis are increasingly necessary in the everyday practice of analyzing ever-increasing quantities of phenotypic data.

Formulation and evaluation of liquisolid compacts for olmesartan medoxomil.

Olmesartan medoxomil is an angiotensin type II receptor blocker, antihypertensive agent, administered orally. It is highly lipophilic (log P 5.5) and a poorly water-soluble drug with absolute bioavailability of 26%.