Publications by authors named "Pragya Koirala"
Article Synopsis
- The One Health (OH) approach to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is gaining recognition, but there’s a lack of clear guidance on implementing effective surveillance across different sectors.
- In Nepal, the Tricycle Project utilized a multi-stage method to collect samples from humans, poultry, and wastewater to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria.
- The study found the highest prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria in wastewater (91%), followed by bloodstream infections in humans (49%), poultry (38.6%), and healthy pregnant women (15%), leading to important insights for improving waste disposal and AMR control strategies.
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a transboundary viral disease of cattle and buffaloes transmitted by blood-feeding vectors and causes high morbidity and low-to-moderate mortality. Since the first observation of LSD in Zambia in 1929, it has spread in cattle populations across African countries, the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. Following the recent outbreaks of LSD in South Asian countries such as India and Bangladesh, the disease was first reported in cattle farms in Nepal in June 2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - Colistin resistance in poultry, particularly in Nepal, is becoming a significant concern, with this study focusing on identifying plasmid-mediated resistance in isolates from dead birds suspected of infections.
- - From 270 liver samples collected, 53.3% showed bacterial growth, with the majority from birds under 40 days old, and a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was observed, especially against tetracycline and ciprofloxacin.
- - The study found that 28.5% of the isolates were colistin-resistant, with 43.9% of these strains testing positive for plasmid-mediated resistance, highlighting an emerging issue in poultry health management.
The poultry sector contributes four percent to the national GDP of Nepal. However, this sector is under threat with periodic outbreaks of Avian Influenza (AI) subtypes H5 and H9 since 2009. This has been both a public health threat and an economic issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOutbreaks of peste-des-petits ruminants (PPR) has been reported regularly in Nepal since 1994. Despite this, there has been limited molecular characterization of circulating virus in the country. In this study a 351 bp segment of the nucleoprotein gene of the PPR virus (PPRV) was amplified and sequenced from ten samples collected between 2005 and 2016.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeptospirosis is an important zoonotic disease in Nepal; however, there is a lack of information on sources of leptospirosis infection for people and associated risk factors. We implemented a case-control study nested within a cross-sectional survey to investigate zoonotic risks of human leptospirosis among adult, febrile patients seeking treatment in healthcare centres in Kaski District, Nepal, from April to October 2013. The study population was 239 febrile patients; the data consisted of paired blood samples; questionnaires on clinical symptoms; occupational, environmental and animal exposures; and a blood sample from animals in the household.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF