Prevalence and predictors of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among women aged 15-49 years across urban and rural India: findings from a nationwide survey.

Background: Women's health is usually looked upon in terms of their reproductive health. However, cardio-vascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death and disability among women, globally as well as in India. Risk factors of today can be disease of tomorrow.

Gender-specific factors associated with hypertension among women of childbearing age: Findings from a nationwide survey in India.

Background: The association of conventional (modifiable and non-modifiable) risk factors for hypertension has already been established in the literature. However, there are other putative risk factors specific to women (early menarche, age at first childbirth, women empowerment, number of children born, hysterectomy, etc.) in the development of hypertension.

Low Dose Atropine in Preventing the Progression of Childhood Myopia: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To study the efficacy of low dose atropine (0.01%) eye drops in preventing myopia progression in children by comparing the mean change in spherical equivalent (diopter) and axial length (mm) over a period of one year to a control group and study its effect on near vision, pupil size, keratometry and pachymetry.

Methods: 200 eyes of 100 myopic children were randomized into two groups based on a computer-generated random number table.

Prevalence and Predictors of Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases among women in an Urbanized Village of India.

Background: The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors among the underprivileged women of the urban areas are expected to increase. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and sociodemographic predictors of these risk factors.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 women between 25 and 64 years in an urbanized village of India.

Complementary Feeding Practices and Nutritional Status of Children (6-23 months) in an Urban Resettlement Colony of East Delhi.

Background: Even with optimum breastfeeding, children are at risk of being stunted if they do not receive timely adequate and appropriate complementary feeding.

Objectives: The objective is to determine the prevailing complementary feeding practices, and nutritional status of children aged 6-23 months.

Materials And Methods: Mothers of 350 children of age 6--23 months of an urban resettlement colony of East Delhi were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire based on the WHO indicators to record their complementary feeding practices.

Nutritional status among elderly: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Malnutrition in the elderly is a significant public health problem and has serious implications on the overall health of the elderly. There are very few community-based studies on malnutrition among the elderly, especially in India.

Objectives: The objective was to find out the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated risk factors among the elderly in urbanized villages of Delhi.

Air pollution and weather as the determinants of acute attacks of asthma: Spatiotemporal approach.

Background: Although air pollution and weather changes have been identified as putative risk factors that precipitate acute attacks of bronchial asthma, so far there have been no studies that could conclusively establisha clear association.

Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the concentrations of NO, SO, and particulate matter on exacerbation of bronchial asthma.

Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted during February 2014-January 2015.

Contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning among HIV-positive women: A hospital-based study.

Background: For women living with HIV who do not want to become pregnant or who wish to delay pregnancy, contraception has the added public health benefit of reducing the number of infants who might acquire HIV. The unmet need for contraception must be addressed to prevent unintended pregnancies among HIV-positive women and consequently mother-to-child transmission of HIV.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the contraceptive usage and its various determinants and to find out the unmet need for family planning among HIV-positive women.

Functional disability among elderly: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Old age is often associated with functional decline and physical dependence, thus compromising the ability to carry out basic tasks required for daily living. There are very few community-based studies on functional disability among elderly, especially in India. This study was done to find out the prevalence of functional disability and associated risk factors among the elderly in urbanized villages of Delhi.

Knowledge and Parity: Perspectives of Usage of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Women of a Rural Area of Delhi.

Context: Correct use of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) may prevent up to 95% of unwanted pregnancies which may significantly decrease unsafe abortions and maternal mortality.

Aims: Assessment of knowledge and use of ECPs among women and to explore factors associated with them.

Materials And Methods: This was a facility-based cross-sectional study.

Presenile cataract and its risk factors: A case control study.

Purpose: Early onset opacification of the lens (cataract) has been observed to be on the rise globally. This study was conducted to determine the various types of presenile cataract and to determine the probable risk factors associated with the occurrence of presenile cataract.

Materials And Methods: Patients in the age group of 18-40 years attending the Out-Patient Clinic of the Ophthalmology Department who were found to have presenile cataract were recruited as cases.

Awareness of cervical cancer and willingness to participate in screening program: Public health policy implications.

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies among women in India. There is a high mortality as patients usually present at an advanced stage because of lack of awareness and nonexistent screening programs.

Aim: This study was planned to find out awareness about cervical cancer among women and their willingness to utilize screening services in an urban resettlement colony of Delhi, India.

Evaluation of quality of multivariable logistic regression in Indian medical journals using multilevel modeling approach.

Background: Availability of user-friendly statistical software has increased the application of multivariable logistic regression (MLR) in the medical journal many fold. The reporting quality in terms of checking assumptions, model building strategies, proper coding, and report format need proper care and attention to communicate correct and reliable model results.

Objective: The objective of this article is to evaluate the quality of MLR article based on 10-point well establish criteria and to study the factors that may influence the quality.

Maternal near miss: an indicator for maternal health and maternal care.

Maternal mortality is one of the important indicators used for the measurement of maternal health. Although maternal mortality ratio remains high, maternal deaths in absolute numbers are rare in a community. To overcome this challenge, maternal near miss has been suggested as a compliment to maternal death.

Determination of Risk Factors for Pre-eclampsia and Eclampsia in a Tertiary Hospital of India: A Case Control Study.

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia (PE) are pregnancy specific syndromes that contribute to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The identification of its predisposing factors in the pre-pregnancy and initial stage of pregnancy will help in reducing the morbidity and mortality.

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors for PE among pregnant women in a tertiary level hospital.

Socio-demographic Predictors of Depression among the Elderly Patients Attending Out Patient Departments of a Tertiary Hospital in North India.

Background: Depression is the most common geriatric psychiatric disorder. Other than organic, socio-demographic factors, have been found to play an important role in mental health. In this study we evaluated the association of some socio-demographic factors with geriatric depression.

Role of traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in provision of antenatal and perinatal care at home amongst the urban poor in Delhi, India.

More than 80% of deliveries amongst the urban poor are conducted at home, mostly by traditional birth attendants (TBAs). In all, 29 eligible TBAs in the study area were identified and interviewed to assess their knowledge and practices regarding antenatal and perinatal care. Their knowledge about complications in antenatal and perinatal period was inadequate.

Prevalence of respiratory disease and associated factors in an urban area of delhi.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of respiratory morbidity and its associated factors in urban Delhi.

Study Design And Setting: A cross-sectional, house-to-house survey was conducted in an urban upper middle class locality.

Materials And Methods: All the residents aged 18 years or more were administered a questionnaire to identify the major symptoms of chronic respiratory tract disease - chronic cough, chronic phlegm, dyspnea and wheezing.

Pattern of severe maternal morbidity in a tertiary hospital of Delhi, India: a pilot study.

Severe maternal morbidity also known as 'near miss' may be a good indicator of the quality and effectiveness of obstetric care, as it may identify priorities in maternal care more rapidly than mortality alone. The objective of the study was to observe the pattern of severe maternal morbidity and its associated factors in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. All patients admitted to the obstetrics and gynaecology department who fulfilled the definition of severe maternal morbidity conditions were included.

Distribution and determinants of body mass index of non-smoking adults in Delhi, India.

Data on height and weight of 3,428 non-smoking healthy adult subjects, obtained during an earlier community-based study in Delhi, India, on chronic respiratory morbidity due to ambient air pollution was analyzed to study the distribution of body mass index (BMI) and its determinants among adults in Delhi. The sample was drawn by systematic sampling from rural and urban areas of Delhi. In urban areas, the sampling frame was restricted to areas around air quality-monitoring stations.

Immunization in urbanized villages of Delhi.

Objective: To assess the immunization coverage of BCG, DPT, OPV, Measles, MMR and Hepatitis B vaccines in two urbanized villages of East Delhi and study the factors affecting the coverage.

Methods: Children of age 24-47 months were selected using systematic random sampling. Information on socio-demographic factors and immunization status was obtained by house-to- house visit.

Obstetric and neonatal outcomes in women who live in an urban resettlement area of Delhi, India: a cohort study.

Aim: To study the pregnancy outcome, namely mode and place of delivery, attendant at birth and perinatal mortality in an urban resettlement area of Delhi, India, and to determine factors that affect the outcome.

Methods: All the pregnant women (n = 909) in the area were enrolled and followed until 7 days after delivery. We calculated the crude and adjusted odds ratios for predictors of pregnancy related obstetric and neonatal outcomes, using logistic regression analysis.

Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding measles in a rural area of Delhi.

387 mothers in Mehrauli block of Delhi were interviewed regarding their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices regarding measles. 98.4% enumerated one or the other symptoms, fever being the commonest.