Effects of acetylsalicylic acid and acetic acid solutions in VX2 carcinoma cells: in vitro analysis.

Purpose: To analyze, in vitro, the effects of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid solutions on VX2 carcinoma cells in suspension and to examine the correlation between these effects and neoplastic cell death.

Methods: The VX2 tumor cells (10(7) cells/ml) were incubated in solutions containing differing concentrations (2.5% and 5%) of either acetylsalicylic acid or acetic acid, or in saline solution (controls).

Bond strength of three dental porcelains to Ni-Cr and Co-Cr-Ti alloys.

Ceramometal bond strength has played an important role for the replacement of gold alloys by nickel-chromium alloys in dentistry. This study evaluated the metal/porcelain bond strength of three ceramic systems (Vita VMK 88, Williams and Duceram) associated with three nickel-chromium alloys (Durabond, Lite Cast B and Resistal P) and one experimental cobalt-chromium-titanium alloy. Thirty cast cylinder specimens (15 mm in height; 6 mm in diameter) were obtained for each alloy, in away that 10 specimens of each alloy were tested with each porcelain.

Expression of betacatenin in carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma, pleomorphic adenoma and normal salivary gland: an immunohistochemical study.

Objectives: Pleomorphic adenomas are the most frequent type of epithelial salivary gland neoplasms, and their malignant counterpart, the carcinoma in pleomorphic adenomas, is much less common. Beta-catenin is a cell adhesion molecule associated with the invasion and metastasis of carcinomas of the head and neck, esophagus. The objective of this study was to detect the expression of beta-catenin in pleomorphic adenomas, carcinomas in pleomorphic adenomas and normal salivary glands to discuss its role in the development of these two lesions.

Glyphosate resistance in a Chilean Lolium multiflorum.

Lolium multiflorum (Italian ryegrass) has recently demonstrated itself to be poorly controlled with glyphosate in cereal crops of South Chile. The concentration of glyphosate necessary to reduce shoot length by 50% (ED50) in seedlings, after eight days of root contact was 7.3-fold in the resistant Vil-1 than in the susceptible (S) biotype.

Effects of the foliar-applied protein "Harpin(Ea)" (messenger) on tomatoes infected with Phytophthora infestans.

The active ingredient in Messenger, is Harpin(Ea), a naturally occurring protein derived from Erwinia amylovora, a causal agent of fire blight. When Messenger is applied to a plant, the protein Harpin(Ea) binds foliar receptors to it. The receptors recognize the presence of Harpin(Ea), sending a signal that a pathogen is present, actually "tricking" the plant into thinking that it is under attack.

Induction of resistance to the pathogenic agent Botrytis cinerea in the cultivation of the tomato by means of the application of the protein "Harpin"(Messenger).

Harpin(Ea), an active component in Messenger, was originally isolated from the bacterial plant pathogen Erwinia amylovora based on its ability to elicit a hypersensitive response (HR). This bacterial pathogen causes "fire blight", a disease in apples and other members of the Rosaceae. Harpin(Ea) also induces resistance in a variety of plants against a wide array of pathogens.

Molecular data place Trypetheliaceae in Dothideomycetes.

The phylogenetic position of Trypetheliaceae was studied using partial sequences of the mtSSU and nuLSU rDNA of 100 and 110 ascomycetes, respectively, including 48 newly obtained sequences. Our analysis confirms Trypetheliaceae as monophyletic and places the family in Dothideomycetes. Pyrenulaceae, which were previously classified with Trypetheliaceae in Pyrenulales or Melanommatales, are supported as belonging to Chaetothyriomycetes.

The arctic ground squirrel brain is resistant to injury from cardiac arrest during euthermia.

Background And Purpose: Hetereothermic mammals tolerate hypoxia during euthermy and torpor, and evidence suggests this tolerance may extend beyond hypoxia to cerebral ischemia. During hibernation, CA1 hippocampal neurons endure extreme fluctuations in cerebral blood flow during transitions into and out of torpor as well as reductions in cerebral blood flow during torpor. In vitro studies likewise show evidence of ischemia tolerance in hippocampal slices harvested from euthermic ground squirrels; however, no studies have investigated tolerance in a clinically relevant model of in vivo global cerebral ischemia.

Morphological and molecular characterization of different Echinochloa spp. and Oryza sativa populations.

Echinochloa P. Beauv. is an important genus because many of its species are weeds infesting most paddy fields, which can reduce the rice grain production by up to 80%.

Shear bond strength of dental porcelains to nickel-chromium alloys.

The continuous technological advance and increasing availability of new base metal alloys and ceramic systems in the market, coupled to the demands of daily clinical practice, have made the constant evaluation of the bond strength of metal/porcelain combinations necessary. This study evaluated the metal/porcelain shear bond strength of three ceramic systems (Duceram, Williams and Noritake) in combination with three nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloys (Durabond, Verabond and Viron). Thirty cast cylinder specimens (15 mm high; 6 mm in diameter) were obtained for each alloy, in a way that 10 specimens of each alloy were tested with each porcelain.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of topical formulations of spantide II.

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate topical formulations of Spantide II, a neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) antagonist, for the treatment of inflammatory skin disorders. Spantide II lotion and gel was formulated with and without n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a penetration enhancer. The release of Spantide II from gels was evaluated using microporous polyethylene and polypropylene membranes in a Franz Diffusion cell setup.

Depression in Parkinson's disease: study of 60 cases.

Depression is very frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) and largely unrecognized by neurologists, emphasizing the need of an approach to psychiatric symptoms by non psychiatrists in order to ensure an early diagnosis of depression in PD; clinical characteristics and the prevalence rate of depression in PD were evaluated and the relationship of depression in PD with other variables were determined. Sixty PD subjects, who fulfilled the clinical criteria for primary PD, 56.6% males, age range from 44 to 85 years old, in different stages of the disease were investigated.

Ischemic preconditioning ameliorates excitotoxicity by shifting glutamate/gamma-aminobutyric acid release and biosynthesis.

Excitotoxicity is recognized to play a major role in cerebral ischemia-induced cell death. The main goal of the present study was to define whether our model of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) promotes a shift from excitatory to inhibitory neurotransmission during the test ischemia to diminish metabolic demand during the reperfusion phase. We also determined whether gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) played a role in IPC-induced neuroprotection.

[Outpatient surgery for anorectal diseases: the experience of the Clinics Hospital of the Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil, in 437 cases].

Background: The number of outpatient surgical procedures performed in hospitals, as well as in private clinics, increases daily. In some countries, such as France, outpatient operations outnumber inpatient operations.

Objective: To evaluate results obtained at the Surgical Outpatient Clinic of the Clinics Hospital of the Medical School, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.

Effective cervical cytology screening programmes in middle-income countries: the Chilean experience.

Objective: To demonstrate that an effective cervical cancer screening programme based on the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear can be organized in a middle-income country, such as Chile.

Methods: The cervical cytology screening programme in Chile is evaluated by comparing process measures and cervical cancer mortality before and after its reorganization in 1987.

Findings: Two decades of opportunistic annual screening for cervical cancer from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s did not reduce cervical cancer mortality in Chile.

Basis of selectivity of cyhalofop-butyl in Oryza sativa L.

Cyhalofop-butyl (CB), 2-[4-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy)phenoxy]propanoic acid, butyl ester (R), is an aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicide for postemergence use in rice to control grasses, mainly Echinochloa spp. Similar to other AOPP and cyclohexanedione herbicides, the site of action of CB is acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase), an enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis. The mechanisms involved in the selectivity of CB in rice (Oryza sativa L.

Lymphoabdominal paracoccidioidomycosis simulating primary neoplasia of the biliary tract.

The lymphoabdominal involvement in the sub-acute form of paracoccidioidomycosis shows a wide variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from fever and lymph node enlargement to infiltration of all abdominal organs, which can lead to a situation of abdominal surgical emergency. This case report presents paracoccidioidomycosis mimicking carcinoma of the biliary tract, The purpose of this paper is to call the general physician's attention for this important differential diagnosis of abdominal masses. Although paracoccidioidomycosis is rarely encountered in the United States and Europe, it should be considered in patients who are suspected of having a fungal infection and have had previous exposure in an endemic area for this disease.

Macroscopic and microscopic study of tissue response to oral antiseptics and its influence on carcinigenesis.

Studies have related the action of alcohol on the oral mucosa as a promoter of carcinogenesis, once most oral antiseptics contain alcohol. Its utilization for mouthrinses from 30 to 60 seconds, as indicated on the labels, yields a longer-lasting topical action when compared to the intake of alcoholic beverages. This study aimed at conducting a macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the tissue response of tongue mucosa of hamsters to daily topical applications of antiseptics (Anapyon, Listerine, Oral B) during 13 and 20 weeks, following the methodology for carcinogenesis investigation developed by the Discipline of Pathology of Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo.

Degradation of simazine by microorganisms isolated from soils of Spanish olive fields.

The capability of the microbial flora isolated from an olive field soil from Andalusia to mineralize simazine has been analyzed. From this soil, a group of bacteria capable of degrading 60 mg simazine litre(-1) in less than a week has been isolated. These microorganisms showed a low capacity for degrading this herbicide to carbon dioxide.

A Phase I safety study of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor and mitochondrial abnormalities have been described in ALS and its animal models. We have reported that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment delayed the onset of weakness in the wobbler mouse.

Objective: To perform a Phase I safety study of HBO in patients with ALS.

Lolium rigidum, a pool of resistance mechanisms to ACCase inhibitor herbicides.

Three diclofop-methyl (DM) resistant biotypes of Lolium rigidum (R1, R2, and R3) were found in different winter wheat fields in Spain, continuously treated with DM, DM + chlortoluron, or DM + isoproturon. Herbicide rates that inhibited shoot growth by 50% (ED50) were determined for DM. There were found that the different biotypes exhibited different ranges of resistance to this herbicide; the resistant factors were 7.

Weed control and persistence of two oxyfluorfen formulations in olive groves under non tillage conditions.

To obtain profitable yields in olive groves, residual preemergence herbicides are applied in October or November before the winter rains, and before the winter annual weeds germinate. Simazine, one of the herbicides most used for weed control in olive groves, has recently been banned. Oxyfluorfen is presented as a good alternative to simazine in olive fields.

Cross resistance to accase herbicide in Lolium rigidum.

Lolium rigidum is a cross-pollinating grass weed present in Europe and occurring in winter wheat and orchard crops. Several graminicides such as chlorotoluron and/or isoproturon and diclofop-methyl in mixtures or alone have been used successfully to control this weed in Spain during the past decade. However, several L rigidum populations have developed resistance to these herbicides following selection due to their continuous use.

Evaluation of resistance in Cyperus difformis populations to ALS inhibiting herbicides.

Due to the intensification of rice cultivation in Spain and the repeated use of herbicides as an effective tool to control weeds, one important fact is the appearance of resistant populations of weeds, which are no longer controlled effectively at field doses. Therefore, it is necessary to increase doses to such an extent as to produce phytotoxicity in the rice crop. In paddy fields in Badajoz (Spain), a few years ago, populations of Cyperus difformis resistant to bensulfuron-methyl appeared.