Multiple mechanisms are involved in new imazamox-resistant varieties of durum and soft wheat.

Weed control in wheat is one of the major goals of farmers in their efforts toward obtaining the highest crop yields for human foods. Several studies (dose-response, enzyme activity, absorption-translocation and metabolism) were conducted to characterize the resistance level of two new wheat cultivars called Rafalín (Triticum aestivum) and Antoñín (T. durum) that were obtained by conventional breeding based on Clearfield® technology; they are resistant (R) to imazamox compared to their sensitive (S) counterparts (Gazul and Simeto, respectively).

Differential Resistance Mechanisms to Glyphosate Result in Fitness Cost for and .

Multiple mechanisms of resistance to glyphosate are exhibited by populations of spp. worldwide. Association of resistance with growth and reproductive fitness is an important predictor for long-term success of glyphosate-resistant (R) versus glyphosate-susceptible (S) biotypes.

Colonization of oropharynx and lower respiratory tract in critical patients: Risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

Objective: To investigate the microbial diversity existing in oral cavity and respiratory tract samples (from mini-bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), endotracheal aspirate, and orotracheal tube) of patients on mechanical ventilation by using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridisation. Also, the study aimed to evaluate whether the microbial profile in the oral cavity is found in respiratory tract samples, at different periods of mechanical ventilation time (12h, 48h, 96h) in attempt to identification of relationship between VAP (ventilator-associated pneumonia) and bacterial species studied. The last objective was to analyses correlation between blood cultures and VAP.

Different levels of glyphosate-resistant Lolium rigidum L. among major crops in southern Spain and France.

Herbicides are the most effective tools for controlling almost 99% of weeds. However, herbicide resistance is a primary concern in modern agriculture. The characterization in new areas and elucidation of the mechanisms of resistance are of vital importance in maintaining the sustainability of herbicides, including glyphosate.

Enhanced 2,4-D Metabolism in Two Resistant Populations from Spain.

Corn poppy (), the most problematic broadleaf weed in winter cereals in Southern Europe, has developed resistance to the widely-used herbicide, 2,4-D. The first reported resistance mechanism in this species to 2,4-D was reduced translocation from treated leaves to the rest of the plant. However, the presence of other non-target site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms has not been investigated up to date.

The practice of bullying among Brazilian schoolchildren and associated factors, National School Health Survey 2015.

This study explored associations between bullying and sociodemographic, mental health and risk behavior variables in school age children. This cross-sectional survey analyzed data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE 2015). A multiple logistic regression analysis checked for factors associated with bullying.

The use of other tobacco products among Brazilian school children (PeNSE 2012).

The goal of this paper is to estimate the prevalence and to identify factors related to the use of other tobacco products among schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of high school students enrolled in the 9th grade. A total of 109,104 students were interviewed, and 4.

Risk and protective factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases in adolescents by race/skin color: National Adolescent School-Based Health Survey.

Introduction:: The race/skin color is an important predictor of health status of the population, as well as a marker of social inequalities.

Objective:: The aim of this paper was to describe the prevalence of the main risks and the protective factors for chronic diseases in schoolchildren, according to race/skin color differences.

Methods:: Data from the National Adolescent School-Based Health Survey (2012) were used.

Assessment in the primary care of the State of São Paulo, Brazil: incipient actions in sexual and reproductive health.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess performance in sexual and reproductive health of primary health care services of the Brazilian Unified Health System, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Methods: An evaluative framework was built for sexual and reproductive health with the categorization of 99 indicators in three domains: sexual and reproductive health promotion (25), sexually transmitted infections/AIDS prevention and care (43), and reproductive health care (31). This framework was applied to assess the services responses to the questionnaire of Quality Evaluation of Primary Health Care in the Municipalities of São Paulo State (QualiAB), in 2010.

Pro-106-Ser mutation and EPSPS overexpression acting together simultaneously in glyphosate-resistant goosegrass (Eleusine indica).

Glyphosate has been used for more than 15 years for weed management in citrus groves in the Gulf of Mexico, at up to 3-4 applications per year. Goosegrass (Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.

Influence of Adrenergic Neuromodulation during Induction of Periodontitis in Rats.

The action of the sympathetic nervous system in the control of bone remodeling and immunoinflammatory responses is the basis of the hypothesis that its modulation can influence the progress of periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the blockade and of the activation of β-adrenergic receptors in periodontal disease in rats. Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups: 1) animals with induced periodontitis that received propranolol (a non-selective β-adrenergic antagonist) 0.

Prevalence of among children from a central region of Cuba: molecular characterization and associated risk factors.

is one of the most frequent intestinal parasitic infections in children worldwide. To date, eight main assemblages of have been described, but only A and B genetic groups are known to infect humans. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of infection in 417 preschool children from the Fomento municipality in the central region of Cuba between January and June 2013.

Family influence on the consumption of sugary drinks by children under two years old.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of family habits and household characteristics on the consumption of sugary drinks by Brazilian children under two years old.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that used secondary data generated by the National Health Survey (PNS) in 2013. We studied 4,839 pairs of children under two years old and adults living in the same house.

Self-Reported High-Cholesterol Prevalence in the Brazilian Population: Analysis of the 2013 National Health Survey.

Background:: Data on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Brazil are scarce, with surveys available only for some towns.

Objective:: To evaluate the prevalence of the self-reported medical diagnosis of high cholesterol in the Brazilian adult population by use of the 2013 National Health Survey data.

Methods:: Descriptive study assessing the 2013 National Health Survey data, a household-based epidemiological survey with a nationally representative sample and self-reported information.

Comparison of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and immunological inflammatory biomarker activity of several endodontic sealers against immortalized human pulp cells.

Aim: To establish an SV40 T-Ag-transfected cell line of human pulp-derived cells in order to compare the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and to investigate the activities of immunological biomarkers of several endodontic sealers.

Methodology: Primary human pulp cells and transfected cells were cultured. Cell morphology and proliferation were analysed, and the expression of cell-specific gene transcripts and proteins was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Evidence, Mechanism and Alternative Chemical Seedbank-Level Control of Glyphosate Resistance of a Rigid Ryegrass () Biotype from Southern Spain.

Rigid ryegrass () is one of the most troublesome weeds in different crops in the Mediterranean region. A rigid ryegrass biotype from an olive grove in Jaén province (Andalusía, southern Spain), potentially resistant to glyphosate (RG), was tested for its resistance level through dose-response assays using a susceptible biotype (SG). To test the hypothesis of a non-target-site-based resistance, as point mutations are far less common mechanisms of glyphosate resistance, studies were also conducted to elucidate whether resistance was associated with biochemical, metabolism, molecular and/or physiological mechanisms.

First confirmation and characterization of target and non-target site resistance to glyphosate in Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) from Mexico.

Following the introduction of glyphosate-resistant (GR)-cotton crops in Mexico, farmers have relied upon glyphosate as being the only herbicide for in-season weed control. Continuous use of glyphosate within the same year and over multiple successive years has resulted in the selection of glyphosate resistance in Palmer amaranth (Amarantus palmeri). Dose-response assays confirmed resistance in seven different accessions.

Prognostic model for patients with traumatic brain injuries and abnormal computed tomography scans.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of death and disability worldwide. The prognosis evaluation is a challenge when many variables are involved. The authors aimed to develop prognostic model for assessment of survival chances after TBI based on admission characteristics, including extracranial injuries, which would allow application of the model before in-hospital therapeutic interventions.

Cardiovascular risk profile in patients with myelopathy associated with HTLV-1.

Unlabelled: HAM/TSP (HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) is a slowly progressive disease, characterized by a chronic spastic paraparesis. It is not known if the disease carries an independent risk for cardiovascular disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular risk profile related to HAM/TSP and compare it with the general population.

Imaging Aspects of Palatal Torus in Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance: Case Report.

The is a unilocular or multilocular exostosis that occurs in the midline of the hard palate. It is considered a common clinical finding. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not commonly used in dentistry and descriptions of the by this imaging method are therefore rare in the literature.

Thromboelastometry versus standard coagulation tests versus restrictive protocol to guide blood transfusion prior to central venous catheterization in cirrhosis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Liver failure patients have traditionally been empirically transfused prior to invasive procedures. Blood transfusion is associated with immunologic and nonimmunologic reactions, increased risk of adverse outcomes and high costs. Scientific evidence supporting empirical transfusion is lacking, and the best approach for blood transfusion prior to invasive procedures in cirrhotic patients has not been established so far.

Oral administration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 prevents allergic asthma in mice.

Background And Objective: The prevalence of asthma has increased in communities that adopt a Western lifestyle and become more urbanized. Probiotics may be effective in the prevention of allergic diseases, such as asthma. The aim of the current study was to examine the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 in an allergic model of asthma.