Carotenoid Cocktail Produced by An Antarctic Soil with Biotechnological Potential.

Carotenoids are highly important in pigmentation, and its content in farmed crustaceans and fish correlates to their market value. These pigments also have a nutritional role in aquaculture where they are routinely added as a marine animal food supplement to ensure fish development and health. However, there is little information about carotenoids obtained from Antarctic bacteria and its use for pigmentation improvement and flesh quality in aquaculture.

Isolation and molecular characterization of Thraustochytrium strain isolated from Antarctic Peninsula and its biotechnological potential in the production of fatty acids.

Thraustochytrids are unicellular protists belonging to the Labyrinthulomycetes class, which are characterized by the presence of a high lipid content that could replace conventional fatty acids. They show a wide geographic distribution, however their diversity in the Antarctic Region is rather scarce. The analysis based on the complete sequence of 18S rRNA gene showed that strain 34-2 belongs to the species Thraustochytrium kinnei, with 99% identity.

Extra-articular subcutaneous "inverted king post-truss" ligament reconstruction for severe swan neck deformity (snapping finger).

A swan neck deformity (SND) can be well tolerated for a long time, until the appearance of a disabling "snapping finger". In its most advanced condition, the other hand is needed to initiate finger flexion. We propose a technique of extra-articular, subcutaneous ligament reconstruction with an "inverted king post-truss" configuration use in roofs and to reinforce railway bridges.

Draft Genome Sequence of a Copper-Resistant Marine Bacterium, Pantoea agglomerans Strain LMAE-2, a Bacterial Strain with Potential Use in Bioremediation.

Pantoea agglomerans LMAE-2 was isolated from seabed sediment moderately contaminated with Cu(2+) Here, we report its draft genome sequence, which has a size of 4.98 Mb. The presence of cop genes related with copper homeostasis in its genome may explain the resistance and strengthen its potential for use as bioremediation agent.

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Unlabelled: To quantify and characterize the use of the Internet to search for information about medicines.

Methods: A random sample of subjects was interviewed in the city of Bordeaux (France) in November 2012 regarding their use of the Internet to find information on medicines.

Results: Among 103 interviewed subjects (median age: 38years; 53.

Effect of a hay-based diet or different upland grazing systems on milk volatile compounds.

The effect of animal feeding on milk volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of metabolic origin was tested on a hay-based diet (H), a highly diversified pasture under continuous grazing (CG), or a less diversified pasture under rotational grazing (RG). Individual milk of 24 Montbéliarde cows (8 per treatment) were sampled after 2 weeks. Pasture-derived milk was richer (p < 0.

Milk fatty acid composition and cheese texture and appearance from cows fed hay or different grazing systems on upland pastures.

The objective of this work was to compare milk fatty acid (FA) profile and texture and appearance of Cantal cheeses obtained from cows grazing 2 different upland grasslands: a highly diversified pasture (74 species) of area 12.5 ha managed under continuous mode (C), and a weakly diversified pasture (31 species) of area 7.7 ha (an old temporary grassland) managed under rotational mode (R).

Ultraviolet-absorbing compounds in milk are related to forage polyphenols.

The aim of this work was to characterize UV-absorbing compounds (UAC) in milk in relation to diet. In winter, 4 groups of cows each received a different diet: concentrate rich containing 35% cocksfoot hay (CCH), maize silage (MS), rye grass silage (RS), or rye grass hay (RH). In summer, 2 additional diets were given: mountain grassland hay (GH) and mountain grassland pasture (GP).

Effects of supplementation of maize silage diets with extruded linseed, vitamin E and plant extracts rich in polyphenols, and morning v. evening milking on milk fatty acid profiles in Holstein and Montbéliarde cows.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects on dairy performance and milk fatty acid (FA) composition of (i) supplementation with extruded linseed (EL), (ii) supplementation with synthetic or natural antioxidants, namely vitamin E and plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP), (iii) cow breed (Holstein v. Montbéliarde) and (iv) time of milking (morning v. evening).

[Roseland® prosthesis: quality of life's studies about 68 patients with a mean followed-up of 43.8 months].

Objectives: Roseland® prosthesis is a ball and socket prosthesis, physiological and not anatomical. This study wants to demonstrate by a quality life questionnaire (quick DASH described by Dubert et al., 2001) that Roseland® prosthesis gives to patients a trapeziometacarpal joint native capacities.

Pins and rubber traction system for intra-articular proximal interphalangeal joint fractures revisited.

The Pins and Rubber Traction System (PRTS) can be used to treat proximal interphalangeal intra-articular fractures. Our experience is that outcomes are not always excellent and that many patients have reduced joint function or residual deformities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reasons behind the poorer outcomes of some of the patients treated with this system.

Surgical outcome of one-stage and two-stage flexor tendon grafting in children.

Background: Flexor tendon grafting represents the most common modality for secondary restoration of flexor tendon function. Tendon grafting is either performed in 1 or 2 stages. This study attempts to evaluate the clinical outcome of 1-stage and 2-stage grafting in children.

Plant polyphenols associated with vitamin E can reduce plasma lipoperoxidation in dairy cows given n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Diets rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) improve the nutritional value of ruminant products but also increase the risk of lipoperoxidation in plasma and tissues. The relative effectiveness of dietary antioxidants such as vitamin E (vit E) given alone or with plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP) containing rosemary, grape, citrus, and marigold was investigated in the plasma of mid-lactation dairy cows given diets enriched in 18:3 n-3. For a 30-d period, the animals were given a maize silage-based diet (control group C, n = 6) or the same basal diet supplemented with extruded linseed rich in 18:3 n-3 [50 g of oil/kg of diet dry matter (DM); group L, n = 6], extruded linseed + vit E (375 international units/kg of diet DM; 7,500 IU/cow per day; group LE, n = 6), or extruded linseed + vit E + PERP (10 g/kg of diet DM; group LEP, n = 5).

Yield and sensory properties of cheese made with milk from Holstein or Montbeliarde cows milked twice or once daily.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the milk properties and the yield and sensory properties of Cantal cheese made with milk from Holstein or Montbéliarde cows milked once or twice daily. Sixty-four grazing cows [32 Holstein (H) and 32 Montbéliarde (M) cows] in the declining phase of lactation (157 d in milk) were allocated to 1 of 2 equivalent groups milked once daily (ODM) or twice daily (TDM) for 7 wk. The full-fat raw milk collected during 24 h from the 4 groups of cows (M-TDM, M-ODM, H-TDM, and H-ODM) was pooled and processed into Cantal cheese 4 times during the last 4 wk of the experimental period.

Severe filamentous fungal infections after widespread tissue damage due to traumatic injury: six cases and review of the literature.

We describe 6 cases of severe filamentous fungal infections after widespread tissue damage due to traumatic injury in previously healthy people. Additionally, we report 69 cases from an exhaustive 20-y review of the literature to investigate the epidemiological and clinical features, the prognosis and the therapeutic management of these post-traumatic severe filamentous fungal infections. Traffic (41%) and farm accidents (25%) were the main causes of injury, which involved either the limbs only (41%) or multiple sites (41%).

Phospholipid, sphingolipid, and fatty acid compositions of the milk fat globule membrane are modified by diet.

The phospholipid and sphingolipid composition of milk is of considerable interest regarding their nutritional and functional properties. The objective of this article was to determine the lipid composition of the milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) of milk from cows fed a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The experiments were performed with 2 groups of 6 cows feeding on (i) maize silage ad libitum (+ grassland hay, mixture of cereals, soyabean meal) or (ii) the maize silage-based diet supplemented with extruded linseed (bringing a lipid proportion of 5% of dry matter).

Addition of pasture plant essential oil in milk: influence on chemical and sensory properties of milk and cheese.

The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of the addition, to milk, of an essential oil (EO) obtained from the hydrodistillation of plants collected from a mountain natural pasture on the milk and cheese sensory properties. The EO was mainly composed of terpenoid compounds (67 of the 95 compounds identified) as well as ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, alkanes, and benzenic compounds. In milk, the addition of this EO at the concentration of 0.

Variations in carotenoids, vitamins A and E, and color in cow's plasma and milk following a shift from hay diet to diets containing increasing levels of carotenoids and vitamin E.

This experiment was conducted to determine the variations in carotenoid, vitamins A and E concentrations, and color in the plasma and milk of dairy cows following a shift from a hay diet to diets containing increasing levels of carotenoids and vitamin E. This study was performed on 32 multiparous Montbéliarde dairy cows in midlactation. After a 6-wk preexperimental period on a diet based on hay and concentrates, the cows were allocated to 4 homogeneous groups, and thereafter fed for 6 wk on isoenergetic experimental diets where the hay was replaced by an experimental feed rich in carotenoids and vitamin E, consisting in 75% grass silage and 25% alfalfa protein concentrate (PX Agro Super Desialis, Châlons en Champagne, France).

Once-a-day milking of Holstein and Montbéliarde cows for 7 weeks in mid-lactation.

This study aimed at comparing the effects of once-a-day (OAD) milking during the descending phase of lactation between cows from the two most common breeds in France (Holstein and Montbéliarde). This study was carried on during two successive summers on a total of 50 Holstein and 38 Montbéliarde cows. During 7 weeks, half of the cows from each breed was milked OAD while the other half was milked twice a day (TAD).

Monohydrocalcite in calcareous corpuscles of Mesocestoides corti.

Mesocestoides corti (syn. vogae), as many other cestode platyhelminthes, contains abundant mineralized structures called calcareous corpuscles. These concretions may constitute as much as 40% of the dry weight of the organisms, but their function remains poorly understood.

Young Salers suckled bull production: effect of diet on performance, carcass and muscle characteristics and meat quality.

The aim of this work was to improve the knowledge on young suckled Salers bull production and to study the effect of forage type and concentrate level on performance, carcass and muscle characteristics as well as on meat quality. Twenty-four Salers male calves of 150 days of age were assigned to six groups: C0 (fed exclusively with hay and dam's milk and slaughtered at approximately 6 months of age), and HH (hay - high concentrate), HL (hay - low concentrate), GH (cut grass - high concentrate), GL (cut grass - low concentrate) and CP (control pasture: pasture - high concentrate) groups differing in feeds received until slaughter and slaughtered unweaned at approximately 10 months of age. Carcass weights averaged 210 kg at 10 months of age at slaughter.

Effect of cattle grazing a species-rich mountain pasture under different stocking rates on the dynamics of diet selection and sward structure.

Although stocking rate is a key management variable influencing the structure and composition of pastures, only few studies have simultaneously analysed the seasonal patterns of pasture use by cattle, and the adjustments the animals make to maintain intake of a high-quality diet over the grazing season. Therefore, over a 3-year study, we recorded diet selection, plot use and impact of heifers on sward structure and quality under three different stocking rates (0.6, 1.

Influence of grass-based diets on milk fatty acid composition and milk lipolytic system in Tarentaise and Montbeliarde cow breeds.

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of nature of forage on fatty acid composition and lipolytic system in cow milk to increase the nutritional quality of dairy products. Each experiment was divided into a 4-wk preexperimental and 6- or 8-wk experimental period. During the 2 preexperimental periods, 56 midlactating Montbéliarde or Tarentaise cows received a diet based on corn silage.

Variations in carotenoids, fat-soluble micronutrients, and color in cows' plasma and milk following changes in forage and feeding level.

The main aim of this work was to assess factors affecting the secretion of carotenoids in cows' milk. Our objectives were 1) to determine the kinetics of the decrease in carotenoids in plasma, milk, and adipose tissues following a switch from a high- to a low- carotenoid diet; and 2) to specify whether, during lipomobilization, the restitution of these compounds stored in the adipose tissues is sufficient to modify their secretion in milk. During the preexperimental period, 32 cows in midlactation were fed a grass silage-based diet, and were then assigned to 4 groups; 2 groups were maintained on the grass silage diet and 2 were switched to a late hay diet.

Changes in terpene content in milk from pasture-fed cows.

Changes of terpene content in milk from cows grazing natural diversified upland pasture were examined in this observational trial. A homogeneous plot divided into 2 subplots was used from May 31 to July 1, 2003 (first growth) and again from October 1 to October 7, 2003 (vegetative regrowth). Each subplot was grazed by 6 dairy cows in 2 ways: strip grazing (SG), with new allocations of pasture strips at 2-d intervals, and paddock grazing (PG).