Association of antenatal steroid administration with neonatal morbidities among late preterm multiple gestation infants.

Background: There is limited evidence on the efficacy of antenatal steroids (ANS) among women with multiple gestations at risk of late preterm delivery.

Study Design: This retrospective study included multiple gestation, late preterm infants (34-36 weeks' gestational age), born between January 2013 and December 2022. The primary outcome was composite respiratory outcome, defined as the need for respiratory support by 72 hours of age.

Association between SMOF lipid and parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis compared with Intralipid in extremely low birth weight infants: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: There is limited evidence on benefits of SMOF lipids (mixed fatty acid emulsion of 30% soybean oil, 30% medium chain triglycerides, 25% olive oil, and 15% fish oil) in reducing parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in extremely low birth weight infants, compared with soybean oil-based Intralipid.

Aim: To compare incidence of parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis in preterm infants who received Intralipid vs SMOF lipid.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on infants with birth weight <1000 g, admitted between January 2013 to December 2022, who received parenteral nutrition for >14 days and divided them into two groups based on lipid emulsion received (Intralipid, n = 187, SMOF, n = 127).

Neonatal resuscitation program (NRP) guidelines and timing of major resuscitation events in delivery rooms at a level III NICU: Understanding deviations.

Objective: To describe the timing of major resuscitation events in the Delivery room.

Methods: A retrospective study of neonates born at a level III birthing hospital who received chest compressions in the delivery room was conducted. The timing of the resuscitation events i.

Comparative Growth Outcomes in Preterm Infants Fed Either Mother's Own Milk or Donor Human Milk.

To compare growth velocity (GV) in preterm infants fed mother's own milk (MOM) fortified with human milk-based fortifier (HMBF) to those who received donor human milk (DHM) fortified with HMBF. A retrospective study of preterm infants with birth weight <1,250 g receiving an exclusive human milk diet. Maternal and infant charts were reviewed for feeding, growth, and short-term neonatal morbidities.

Characteristics, outcomes, and 30-day readmissions following pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the United States: A Nationwide Readmissions Database study.

Objectives: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an increasingly used mode of critical care support for pediatric patients refractory to conventional therapy. We evaluated the characteristics, outcomes, and readmissions rates for pediatric ECMO in the United States.

Methods: Data was extracted from the Nationwide Readmissions Database, a database designed to support national readmissions analyses, for patients aged 1-18 years undergoing ECMO between 2012-2018.

Diagnosis of Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) in an Asymptomatic Neonate on Placental Pathology.

Congenital Cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common intrauterine infection, with an incidence of 0.5% to 1.3% in the United States of America (USA).

Early Neonatal Death Possibly From a Rare Congenital Coronary Artery Anomaly.

We report a term female newborn who presented with bradycardia and weak respiratory efforts immediately after birth. Mother had an uneventful pregnancy and the infant was delivered by cesarean section secondary to arrest of labor. The infant did not respond to the neonatal resuscitation and was declared dead 32 minutes after birth.

A Neonate With Diabetes Mellitus, Congenital Hypothyroidism, and Congenital Glaucoma.

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare condition with more than 20 monogenic genes associated with it. gene-encoded GLI similar protein 3, as a transcription factor, is involved in the development of the pancreas, liver, kidneys, eye, and thyroid. We report a preterm female neonate with coarse facial features and hyperglycemia, later diagnosed with neonatal diabetes mellitus, congenital hypothyroidism (CH), congenital glaucoma (CG), and renal cysts, secondary to gene mutation.

Breast milk vs 24% sucrose for procedural pain relief in preterm neonates: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To compare the pain scores between the two groups, breast milk (BM) and 24% sucrose, in preterm neonates undergoing automated heel lance for the blood draw.

Methods: The study is designed as a randomized, single-blinded, non-inferiority trial. Infants born between 30 1/7weeks and 36 6/7 weeks of gestation were randomly assigned to receive either 24% sucrose or expressed BM.

Effect of an exclusive human milk diet on feeding tolerance in preterm infants.

Objective: To compare the time to full enteral feeds in preterm infants fed exclusive human milk (EHM) - mother's own milk (MOM) fortified with human milk-based fortifier (HMBF), to those who received partial human milk (PHM) - MOM fortified with bovine milk-based fortifier (BMBF), and exclusive formula.

Study Design: A single-center retrospective study of infants with birth weight <1250 g from 2013 to 2018. Data on feeding, growth and other short-term neonatal morbidities were collected.

Clinical Characteristics of Mother-Infant Dyad and Placental Pathology in COVID-19 Cases in Predominantly African American Population.

 In this currently evolving coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the evidence is scarce about the impact of COVID-19 infection on women in labor and neonates in an inner city African-Americans (AA) population. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and placental pathology in mother-infant dyads in COVID-19 cases.  Retrospective chart review was conducted on 34 COVID-19 positive mother-infant dyads to study their baseline characteristics and outcomes.

Term Infant with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis.

Hypernatremic dehydration in neonates is a common condition in an exclusively breastfed infant but often underdiagnosed. Any newborn who has lost more than 10% of birthweight should be carefully evaluated and monitored for clinical features of dehydration. Efforts such as frequent follow-up for weight check, and formula supplementation, if needed, should be provided to a neonate at risk of developing complications of dehydration.

Monitoring of Infants Discharged Home with Medical Devices.

Preterm infants and term infants with complex medical conditions are often discharged home with technological support. There is a scarcity of evidence-based guidelines for post-discharge management of these infants at high risk. Common diagnoses necessitating the need for respiratory support and/or monitoring devices include apnea of prematurity and bronchopulmonary dysplasia for preterm infants, and upper airway anomalies, central nervous system disorders, and neuromuscular disorders for term infants.