Nanoscale Prussian Blue and Its Analogues: Design and Applications in Infection Control, Wound Healing and Beyond.

Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) have gained significant attraction in the field of nanomedicine due to their excellent biocompatibility, potential for nanoscale production, exceptional photothermal conversion ability, and multi-enzyme mimicking capabilities. PBNPs have made considerable advancements in their application to biomedical fields. This review embarks with a comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical properties and chemical profiling of PB-based nanoparticles, discussing systematic approaches to tune their dimensions, shapes, and sizes, as well as their biomedical properties.

Socio-economic disparities in the utilization of improved sanitation facilities among Indian households.

Despite the significant improvement in sanitation coverage , utilization of improved sanitation still does not reach the optimal level across all socioeconomic groups in India. Therefore, achieving improved sanitation facilities and reducing all forms of inequality United Nations Sustainable Development Goal [SDG 6.2] by 2030 is a big challenge to the most populous country in the world.

Geo-Spatial Analysis of Acute Ischemic Stroke Reperfusion Treatment in India: An Assessment of Distribution and Access to Centers.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of global mortality and disability, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Access to intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) remains extremely limited.

Aims: We evaluated the spatial distribution and geographic accessibility of stroke centers in India.

Identification of an antibiotic from an HTS targeting EF-Tu:tRNA interaction: a prospective topical treatment for MRSA skin infections.

Because of the urgent need for new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacterial pathogens, we employed an assay that rapidly screens large quantities of compounds for their ability to interfere with bacterial protein synthesis, in particular, the delivery of amino acids to the ribosome via tRNA and elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu). We have identified a drug lead, named MGC-10, which kills Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant (MRSA), with a MIC of 6 µM, while being harmless to mammalian cells in that concentration range. The antibacterial activity of MGC-10 was broad against over 50 strains of antibiotic-resistant samples obtained from hospital infections, where MGC-10 inhibited all tested strains of MRSA.

Nano-assisted delivery tools for plant genetic engineering: a review on recent developments.

Conventional approaches like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, viral transduction, biolistic particle bombardment, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-facilitated delivery methods have been optimized for transporting specific genes to various plant cells. These conventional approaches in genetically modified crops are dependent on several factors like plant types, cell types, and genotype requirements, as well as numerous disadvantages such as time-consuming, untargeted distribution of genes, and high cost of cultivation. Therefore, it is suggested to develop novel techniques for the transportation of genes in crop plants using tailored nanoparticles (NPs) of manipulative and controlled high-performance features synthesized using green and chemical routes.

Design, synthesis and anticancer evaluation of 4-Substituted 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as dual topoisomerase I and II inhibitors.

In this study, we herein report the design, synthesis, and anticancer assessment of a series of new 4-substituted 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines. The synthesis involved key intermediates such as the 2-aminoester derivative, which underwent a series of reactions to produce compounds 7a-7t. The optimized SAr reactions, utilizing microwave irradiation in DMF, led to high yields and efficient preparation of the desired compounds.

Cracking the code of aldosterone synthase deficiency: bridging genetics and biochemistry: a case report.

Objective: Aldosterone synthase deficiency (ASD) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease with an overall clinical phenotype of failure to thrive, vomiting, severe dehydration, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia. Mutations in the CYP11B2 gene encoding AS are responsible for the occurrence of ASD. Defects in CYP11B2 gene have only been reported in a limited number of cases worldwide.

Subtyping strokes using blood-based protein biomarkers: A high-throughput proteomics and machine learning approach.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of stroke and its subtypes is critical in early stages. We aimed to discover and validate blood-based protein biomarkers to differentiate ischemic stroke (IS) from intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) using high-throughput proteomics.

Methods: We collected serum samples within 24 h from acute stroke (IS & ICH) and mimics patients.

Indian Trial of Tranexamic acid in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage study protocol.

Rationale: Early mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is due to hematoma volume (HV) expansion, and there are no effective treatments available other than reduction in blood pressure. Tranexamic acid (TXA) a hemostatic drug that is widely available and safe can be a cost-effective treatment for ICH, if proven efficacious.

Hypothesis: Administration of TXA in ICH patients when given within 4.

Initial experience with brolucizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in India - Multicentric, real-world study.

Purpose: To evaluate the anatomic and visual outcomes and safety profile of initial Indian eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with intravitreal injection (IVI) of brolucizumab.

Methods: This retrospective multicentric, real-world study enrolled consecutive eyes with nAMD that were treated with IVI brolucizumab after it was launched in India in October 2020. Data collected for each eye included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CSFT), subretinal fluid (SRF), and intraretinal fluid (IRF) status at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up.

Self-assembled Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid Mimic Peptide Hydrogels as Multifunctional Biomaterials for Wound Healing.

Clinical management of nonhealing ulcers requires advanced materials that can enhance wound closure rates without relying on the release of drugs or other growth factors to obviate systemic deleterious side effects. In our previous work, we synthesized an integrin-binding cell adhesive M {Fmoc-FFβAR(K)βA-NH consisting of an RGD mimic, [R(K)], with an amide terminus}, M {Fmoc-FFβAR(K)βA-OH consisting of an RGD mimic, [R(K)], with acid terminus}, and M (Fmoc-FFβARGDβA-NH consisting of an RGD peptide, reference) with multifunctional activity. Here, we reported the synthesis, characterization, and performance of a reversed derivative, R-M (Fmoc-FFβA(K)RβA-NH consisting of an RGD mimic, [K(R)], with an amide terminus) of an antimicrobial cell adhesive peptide, M.

Impact of iron-folic acid supplementation on maternal and neonatal outcomes: A systematic review & meta-analysis.

Iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation is widely recommended as both a preventive and therapeutic measure for pregnant women. Despite its widespread use, there is limited research exploring adherence to IFA supplementation during pregnancy and its impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of IFA supplementation in improving pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.

Validation of a Malayalam Version of the Apathy Evaluation Scale.

Background: The apathy evaluation scale (AES) measures apathy, but its usefulness as a screening tool in diverse populations is limited without translation into more languages. To date, there is no reported translation of the AES into Malayalam, a language spoken by over 32 million people in the southern Indian state of Kerala. In the present study, we aimed to validate the Malayalam version of the AES.

Sodium alginate/carboxymethylcellulose gel formulations containing plant extract for wound healing.

Using appropriate wound dressings is crucial when treating burn wounds to promote accelerated healing. Sodium alginate (SA)-based gels containing Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Pluronic F127 were prepared. The formulations.

Functional reorganization of the brain in distinct frequency bands during eyes-open meditation.

Meditation is a self-regulatory process practiced primarily to reduce stress, manage emotions and mental health. The objective of this work is to study the information exchange between electrodes within and across the hemispheres during meditation using functional connectivity (FC) measures. We investigate the changes in the coherence between EEG electrode pairs during the meditation with open eyes practiced by long-term Brahmakumaris Rajyoga meditators and during listening to music by controls as the comparable task.

An integrated view of the structure and function of the human 4D nucleome.

The dynamic three-dimensional (3D) organization of the human genome (the "4D Nucleome") is closely linked to genome function. Here, we integrate a wide variety of genomic data generated by the 4D Nucleome Project to provide a detailed view of human 3D genome organization in widely used embryonic stem cells (H1-hESCs) and immortalized fibroblasts (HFFc6). We provide extensive benchmarking of 3D genome mapping assays and integrate these diverse datasets to annotate spatial genomic features across scales.

Foodomics: A sustainable approach for the specific nutrition and diets for human health.

Foodomics is an interdisciplinary field that integrates various omics technologies to explore the complex relationship between food and human health in depth. This approach offers valuable insights into the biochemical, molecular, and cellular composition of food by employing advanced omics techniques. Its applications span the food industry and human health, including efforts to combat malnutrition, provide dietary recommendations, and ensure food safety.

Photophysics of Nitro-Substituted Unnatural Nucleic Acid Base.

The unnatural nucleic acid base (uNAB), 6-amino-3-methyl-5-nitropyridin-2(1H)one, often referred to as can form a base pair with the uNAB 2-aminoimidazo[1,2-]-1,3,5-triazin-4(8H)-one (referred to as P) and is analogous to a guanine-cytosine (G-C) pair. However, it is well-known that the nonradiative decay pathway of the P-Z pair is significantly different from that of the G-C pair (Cui et al., , , 605117-605125).

Sustainable pretreatment method of lignocellulosic depolymerization for enhanced ruminant productivity using laccase protein immobilized agarose beads.

Laccase, the selectively lignin degrader, vital to the initiation of lignocellulosic deconstruction was immobilized onto activated agarose beads to increase its reuse potential. Laccase cross-linked beads (~ 3.42 mm) recorded a specific activity of 23 Umg, retaining about 80.

-Loaded Sodium Alginate Single- and Double-Layer Membrane Composites for Wound Healing.

: Effective wound dressing is the key solution to combating the increased death rate and prolonged hospital stay common to patients with wounds. : Sodium alginate-based single- and double-layer membranes incorporated with root extract were designed using the solvent-casting method from a combination of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Pluronic F127 (PF127), and gum acacia. : The successful preparation of the membranes and loading of the extract were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

EEG biomarkers in Alzheimer's and prodromal Alzheimer's: a comprehensive analysis of spectral and connectivity features.

Background: Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, or prodromal AD) are highly significant for early diagnosis, clinical trials and treatment outcome evaluations. Electroencephalography (EEG), being noninvasive and easily accessible, has recently been the center of focus. However, a comprehensive understanding of EEG in dementia is still needed.

Dowry demand, perception of wife-beating, decision making power and associated partner violence among married adolescent girls: A cross-sectional analytical study in India.

Background: Violence against women is considered a fundamental violation of their human rights. According to the world health organization (WHO), one-third of women worldwide experience some form of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dowry demand, perception of wife-beating, decision-making on work and household purchases and physical, sexual, and emotional violence against married adolescent girls in India by using a large dataset.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of benzhydrylpiperazine-based novel dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity.

Piperazine derivatives were screened using the ChEMBL database, paving the way for the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a novel series of dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitors and identifying their role in mitigating cancer cell proliferation. Compound 9d with 4-Cl substitution at the terminal phenyl ring showed promising inhibition of COX-2 (IC = 0.25 ± 0.

Semisynthetic phytochemicals in cancer treatment: a medicinal chemistry perspective.

Cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that invade other areas, spread to other organs, and cause metastases, which is the most common cause of death. A review of all FDA-approved new molecular entities (NMEs) shows that natural products and derivatives account for over one-third of all NMEs. Before 1940, unmodified products and derivatives accounted for 43% and 14% of NME registrations, respectively.