Marine estuaries act as better sink for greenhouse gases during winter in undisturbed mangrove than degraded ones in Sundarban, India.

The estuaries provide the key pathway for travelling carbon across the land-ocean interfaces and behave as both source and sink of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in water-atmosphere systems. The sink-source characteristics of estuaries for GHGs vary spatially. The primary driving factors are adjacent ecologies (agriculture, aquaculture, etc.

The Interaction of Seasons and Biogeochemical Properties of Water Regulate the Air-Water CO Exchanges in Two Major Tropical Estuaries, Bay of Bengal (India).

The exchange of CO between the air-water interfaces of estuaries is crucial from the perspective of the global carbon cycle and climate change feedback. In this regard, we evaluated the air-water CO exchanges in two major estuaries-the Mahanadi estuary (ME) and the Dhamra estuary (DE) in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal, India. Biogeochemical properties of these estuarine waters were quantified in three distinct seasons, namely, pre-monsoon (March to May), monsoon (June to October), and post-monsoon (November to February).

Structural diversity and efficacy of culturable cellulose decomposing bacteria isolated from rice-pulse resource conservation practices.

The diversity of cellulolytic bacteria from the rice-pulse system can be sourced for identification of efficient cellulose decomposing microbial strains. In the present study, the abundance, structural diversity, and cellulolytic potential of the culturable bacterial community were studied in 5-year old rice-pulse system under different resource conservation technologies. Higher cellulose (68% more) and xylanase (35% more) activities were observed under zero tilled soil.

Cyanobiont diversity in six Azolla spp. and relation to Azolla-nutrient profiling.

Illumina-Miseq-based cyanobiont diversity and biomass were analyzed in six Azolla spp. Results revealed that 93-98% of total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belong to Nostacaceae followed by Cylindrospermopsis with about 1-6% OTUs. The taxonomy of Azolla-cyanobiont is a long-term debate within the scientific community.