Functional Laryngeal Assessment in Patients with Tracheostomy Following COVID-19 a Prospective Cohort Study.

To explore laryngeal function of tracheostomised patients with COVID-19 in the acute phase, to identify ways teams may facilitate and expedite tracheostomy weaning and rehabilitation of upper airway function. Consecutive tracheostomised patients underwent laryngeal examination during mechanical ventilation weaning. Primary outcomes included prevalence of upper aerodigestive oedema and airway protection during swallow, tracheostomy duration, ICU frailty scores, and oral intake type.

Duplication of internal jugular vein and relation to the spinal accessory nerve.

We report a case of duplication of the internal jugular vein in which the duplication was incomplete and the accessory nerve lay deep to the vein.

Management of laryngeal amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis of the upper aerodigestive tract is rare. However, the larynx is the commonest site within the upper airways to be affected. Three cases of uncomplicated primary amyloidosis of the larynx and one case of laryngeal amyloidosis with more generalized dissemination throughout the head and neck are presented.

The whys and wherefores of getting patients to give up smoking.

Smoking-related diseases are responsible for the majority of premature deaths in industrialized societies. It is 50 years since the link between smoking and lung cancer was first established, since when a gradually increasing number of smoking-related illnesses have been identified. The treatment of patients suffering smoking-related illnesses consumes a large proportion of health care budgets.

Treatment of lymphangiomas of the head and neck in children by intralesional injection of OK-432 (Picibanil).

The treatments previously used for lymphangiomas of the head and neck in children-surgery and intralesional injection of sclerosants-are associated with significant morbidity. A new treatment-intralesional injection of OK-432-was used for lymphangiomas of the head and neck in 11 children. The results were total shrinkage in two, marked shrinkage in two, slight shrinkage in five and no response in two.

Localized tracheomalacia as a complication of the Cole tracheal tube.

The Cole tracheal tube is designed for use in neonates. Subglottic stenosis is a recognized complication of prolonged use of the tube. We report a case of tracheomalacia as a further complication of prolonged use of the tube.

The comparative anatomy of the pig middle ear cavity: a model for middle ear inflammation in the human?

This study was undertaken to develop a functional model of otitis media with effusion (OME) in the pig (Sus scrofa), with the purpose of investigating the origin of lymphocytes populating the middle ear during the course of an inflammatory process. The relevance of the model to the human condition of OME is to a large extent dependent on the anatomical and physiological similarities between the middle ear cavity and the pharyngeal lymphoid tissue of the pig and man. Anatomical specimens were collected from 7 young Large White pigs to determine the gross anatomy of the middle ear cavity and the histological characteristics of the middle ear mucosa.

Feasibility study of magnetic resonance imaging-guided intranasal flexible microendoscopy.

Interventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers potential advantages over conventional interventional modalities such as X-ray fluoroscopy, ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT). In particular, it does not use ionizing radiation, can provide high-quality images, and allows acquisition of oblique sections. We have carried out a feasibility study on the use of interventional MRI to track a flexible microendoscope in the paranasal sinuses.

Childhood pseudohypacusis.

Pseudohypacusis is a condition in which a hearing loss is exhibited in the absence of any organic disease. The mainstay of diagnosis is a lack of consistency in audiological testing. It is usually easier to diagnose in children than in adults, as children are less able to produce consistently erroneous results on repeated testing.

Bomb blast injuries to the ear: the London Bridge incident series.

Twelve patients who were treated for ear injuries at Guy's Hospital following the London Bridge bomb blast in February 1992 were reviewed. Among three there were four perforated eardrums, two of which closed spontaneously (50%). All three patients had a persistent mixed hearing loss.

Management of retraction pockets of the pars tensa in children by excision and ventilation tube insertion.

Retraction pockets of the pars tensa in children can result in erosion of the ossicles leading to hearing loss and eventually cholesteatoma formation. Several different types of treatment for the more severe grades of retraction pocket have been described. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the outcome following simple excision and ventilation tube insertion of grade II, III and IV retraction pockets of the pars tensa.

Angioedema secondary to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.

Angioedema secondary to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is rare, but it is a side effect which is likely to be seen more frequently because of the increased use of these drugs to treat cardiac failure and hypertension. Presentation is variable and the diagnosis may go unrecognized for many months or years. The cases reported illustrate problems both in the diagnosis and management of this life-threatening condition.

Acute pneumonitis caused by low density barium sulphate aspiration.

The aspiration of contrast medium during the investigation of swallowing disorders is a well recognized hazard. It is therefore essential that the contrast medium administered is non-irritant to the lungs. A case is presented to illustrate the problems associated with the aspiration of a relatively non-irritant contrast medium.

Nasal teeth.

Ectopic and supernumerary teeth occur in a wide variety of sites. Those that have been reported include the mandibular condyle, coronoid process, orbit, palate, nasal cavity and the maxillary antrum. Eruption of teeth into these sites is rare, and easily overlooked.