The Conundrum of Patients With Compensated Cirrhosis Requiring Kidney Transplantation; Kidney Alone or Simultaneous Liver Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Patients with compensated cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease are increasing along with demand for simultaneous liver kidney transplant (SLKT) and shortages of organs for transplantation. Although these well-compensated patients may not need a liver organ, the alternative of kidney transplant alone (KTA) poses the risk of liver decompensation. Therefore, we aim to characterize outcomes among patients with compensated cirrhosis and chronic kidney disease listed for SLKT or receiving KTA to inform clinical decisions.

A Unique Case of IGF-2 Induced Hypoglycemia Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Tumor-induced hypoglycemia (TIH) associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results from tumor production of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), resulting in recurrent hypoglycemia. Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2), or pro-insulin-like growth factor 2 (pro-IGF-2) are required for the diagnosis. However, due to the limited availability of testing in many laboratories, this condition is often overlooked.

Endometrioma of the Liver: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Hepatic endometriosis is a rare form of endometriosis first described by Finkel in 1986. A thorough review of the literature revealed 28 cases of hepatic endometriosis. This unusual condition offers several diagnostic challenges due to its variable appearance on imaging and need for histologic analysis to establish a definitive diagnosis.

Cytokine profiling in patients with VCP-associated disease.

Valosin containing protein (VCP) disease (also known as Inclusion Body Myopathy, Paget Disease of Bone and Frontotemporal Dementia [IBMPFD] syndrome) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding VCP classically affecting the muscle, bone and brain. Although the genetic cause has been identified, details regarding the pathogenesis of IBMPFD have not been fully determined. Muscle wasting observed in VCP disease is suggestive of cytokine imbalance.

The multiple faces of valosin-containing protein-associated diseases: inclusion body myopathy with Paget's disease of bone, frontotemporal dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Inclusion body myopathy associated with Paget's disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD) is a progressive, fatal genetic disorder with variable penetrance, predominantly affecting three main tissue types: muscle (IBM), bone (PDB), and brain (FTD). IBMPFD is caused by mutations in the ubiquitously expressed valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene, a member of the AAA-ATPase superfamily. The majority of individuals who develop IBM have progressive proximal muscle weakness.