Publications by authors named "Prachi Mishra"

Background: Obesity is a burgeoning global health problem with an escalating prevalence and severe implications for public health. New evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may play a pivotal role in regulating adipose tissue function and energy homeostasis across various species. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying obesity remain elusive.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A study involving 98 metastatic cancer patients revealed high rates of dental problems, particularly among those with head/neck cancers and older patients, with 39.5% having a moderate level of dental issues.
  • * The findings suggest a need for more research to better understand the impact of oral health on the quality of life for cancer patients receiving palliative care, and highlight the importance of integrating dental professionals into multidisciplinary teams.
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Background: Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare and aggressive cancer with dismal 5-year survival due to a lack of effective treatments. We aimed to identify a new effective combination of drugs and investigated their synergistic efficacy in ACC preclinical models.

Methods: A quantitative high-throughput drug screening of 4,991 compounds was performed on two ACC cell lines, SW13 and NCI-H295R, based on antiproliferative effect and caspase-3/7 activity.

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The physiological mechanisms underpinning adaptations to starvation and cold stresses have been extensively studied in Drosophila, yet the understanding of correlated changes in stress-related and life-history traits, as well as the energetics of stress tolerance, still remains elusive. To answer the questions empirically in this context, we allowed D. melanogaster to evolve for either increased starvation or cold tolerance (24-generations / regime) in an experimental evolution system, and examined whether selection of either trait affects un-selected stress trait, as well as the impacts potential changes in life-history and mating success-related traits.

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Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine malignancy comprising 2-3% of all cancers, with a constant rise in the incidence rate. The standard first-line treatments for thyroid cancer include surgery and radioactive iodine ablation, and a majority of patients show a good response to these therapies. Despite a better response and outcome, approximately twenty percent of patients develop disease recurrence and distant metastasis.

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The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an intricate system within solid neoplasms. In this review, we aim to provide an updated insight into the TME with a focus on the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on its various components and the use of TNF-α to improve the efficiency of drug delivery. The TME comprises the supporting structure of the tumor, such as its extracellular matrix and vasculature.

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Background: Predicting the clinical course of prostate cancer is challenging due to the wide biological spectrum of the disease. The objective of our study was to identify prostate cancer prognostic markers in patients 'sera using a multi-omics discovery platform.

Methods: Pre-surgical serum samples collected from a longitudinal, racially diverse, prostate cancer patient cohort (N = 382) were examined.

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Tenascin C (TNC), an extra-cellular matrix (ECM) family gene, is expressed in several cancer tissues of breast, lung, colon, and gastrointestinal tract leading to proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, but its role in tumorigenesis of prostate cancer is poorly understood. We took a meta-analysis approach to characterize the alterations of TNC gene in prostate cancer using publicly available databases (cBioportal Version 2.2.

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The oncometabolite, -2-hydroxyglutarate, accumulates in various cancers because of acquired mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 & 2. Here, we describe a new mechanism for -2-hydroxyglutarate accumulation in breast cancer. It involves c-Myc signaling and alcohol dehydrogenase, iron-containing protein 1 (ADHFE1) and leads to metabolic reprogramming, de-differentiation, and increased mammary tumorigenesis.

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Metabolic reprogramming in breast tumors is linked to increases in putative oncogenic metabolites that may contribute to malignant transformation. We previously showed that accumulation of the oncometabolite, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), in breast tumors was associated with MYC signaling, but not with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations, suggesting a distinct mechanism for increased 2HG in breast cancer. Here, we determined that D-2HG is the predominant enantiomer in human breast tumors and show that the D-2HG-producing mitochondrial enzyme, alcohol dehydrogenase, iron-containing protein 1 (ADHFE1), is a breast cancer oncogene that decreases patient survival.

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Metabolomics has emerged as a new discovery tool with the promise of identifying therapeutic targets in cancer. Recent discoveries described essential metabolomic pathways in breast cancer and characterized oncometabolites that drive tumor growth and progression. Oncogenes like and tumor suppressor genes like prominently affect breast cancer biology through regulation of cell metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis.

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Piperine, the main alkaloid of black pepper, Piper nigrum Linn., is an important Indian spice used in traditional food and medicine in India. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant activities of piperine against copper-ascorbate induced toxic injury to mitochondria obtained from a goat heart, in vitro.

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Metabolic profiling of cancer cells has recently been established as a promising tool for the development of therapies and identification of cancer biomarkers. Here we characterized the metabolomic profile of human breast tumors and uncovered intrinsic metabolite signatures in these tumors using an untargeted discovery approach and validation of key metabolites. The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) accumulated at high levels in a subset of tumors and human breast cancer cell lines.

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Mechanism of chemoprevention by daidzein (500 μg/g bwt) was examined by injecting it subcutaneously at 16th, 18th, and 20th day postpartum, followed by counting of terminal end buds (TEBs), terminal ducts (TDs), and lobules and immunohistochemistry of ER-α, Bcl2, Bax, and caspase-3. DNA fragmentation was also analysed to measure the apoptosis level. Estradiol benzoate (EB) (500 ng/g bwt) and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) were used as reference and vehicle, respectively.

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Epigenetics refers to partially reversible, somatically inheritable, but DNA sequence-independent traits that modulate gene expression, chromatin structure, and cell functions such as cell cycle and apoptosis. DNA methylation is an example of a crucial epigenetic event; aberrant DNA methylation patterns are frequently found in human malignancies. DNA hypermethylation and the associated expression silencing of tumor suppressor genes represent a hallmark of neoplastic cells.

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This paper examines the relationship between health aid and infant mortality, using data from 118 countries between 1973 and 2004. Health aid has a beneficial and statistically significant effect on infant mortality: doubling per capita health aid is associated with a 2 percent reduction in the infant mortality rate. For the average country, this implies that increasing per capita health aid by US$1.

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Isoflavones are biologically active plant derived compounds that have several health promoting effects. In the present study hitherto unknown effects of one of the well known isoflavonoids, daidzein, has been evaluated on its chemo-preventive action against breast cancers in pre-pubertal rats. Either daidzein (500 mug/g bwt) or vehicle, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), was administered at 16th, 18th, and 20th day post-partum and the chemopreventive efficacy was evaluated in dimethylbenz[a]nthracene (DMBA) induced Sprague-Dawley rats, at 50th day.

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The modulatory influence of the phytoestrogen biochanin A, an isoflavinoid found in red clover (Trifolium pratense), on the differentiation and proliferation of mammary epithelial cells and the expression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ER-alpha) in female prepubertal Sprague-Dawley rat mammary glands was examined, for which there have been no reports to date. Biochanin A (500 microg/g bw) was injected subcutaneously on days 16, 18 and 20 post-partum. The mammary gland was dissected out and terminal end buds, terminal ducts and lobules were counted.

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Although chemopreventive action of Biochanin A against various cancers including that of prostate, breast, colon, and fore-stomach has been reported earlier, none of the studies was made in prepubertal subjects. The present study appears to be the first one on prepubertal rats that indicates the efficacy of the test compound in the prevention of tumorigenesis. The antioxidative status and xenobiotic metabolism were also evaluated to understand the mechanism of Biochanin A induced prevention of cancer.

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