Intranodal Hemangioma: Case Report and Systematic Review.

Background: Intranodal hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors of the lymph nodes, often misdiagnosed as malignant lymphadenopathies due to their clinical and radiological features. This case report and systematic review aim to elucidate the epidemiology, clinical profile, and therapeutic interventions for intranodal hemangioma, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and management.

Methods: A systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Measuring up: Ensuring Intra- and Interobserver Reliability in Stretched Penile Length with the SPLINT Technique.

Background: A discrepancy between the true and measured value of stretched penile length (SPL) may be a result of errors that can either be systematic or random. Hence, it becomes important to focus on the quality of measurements to prevent any iatrogenic harm to the patients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of intra- and interobserver variations in the measurement of SPL with the SPLINT technique.

Perceived usefulness of a blended learning approach for skills training among medical interns: a pilot study.

Background: Internship is a phase of training wherein medical graduates acquire the skills and competencies required to function independently. It has been reported that interns lack confidence in performing common procedures, as these skills are often learnt through self-learning or performing without supervision. This type of learning endangers patient safety and fails to instil the required confidence in the student.

Dear Laparoscopic Surgeons: Caution with the Use of Glutaraldehyde!!!

Background: The occupational hazards of glutaraldehyde are well known; the possibility of harm to the patients has been highlighted in the form of isolated reports only.

Objective: To synthesize evidence for contact mucosal injury or injury due to intraperitoneal instillation of glutaraldehyde following its use during laparoendoscopy.

Materials And Methods: The current review is Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) compliant.

Correlation of Hand Digit Length Ratio, Anogenital Distance, and Severity of Hypospadias among Prepubertal Boys.

Aims: Antenatal androgen exposure has been suggested as a contributing factor in hypospadias etiology. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between anogenital distance (AGD), index finger-to-ring finger ratio (2D:4D ratio), and hypospadias severity in prepubertal boys, with the goal of exploring these parameters as potential markers of genital anomalies in utero.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on boys under 8 years old presenting to our outpatient department (April 2020-December 2022).

Advancing Precision in Penile Length Measurement: Evidence-based Synthesis of Stretched Penile Length INdicator Technique (SPLINT).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence and propose a technique for estimation of stretched penile length (SPL) applicable to children.

Materials And Methods: This review has been conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were queried on penile length (PL) measurement techniques in humans published from 1990 onward.

Is Virtual Reality Effective in Decreasing Pain during Clinical Procedures among Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) refers to a computer-generated simulation or environment that can be experienced and interacted with by a person through special electronic equipment, such as a headset with a screen and motion-tracking sensors. VR has been used as a distraction technique to alleviate pain and discomfort during medical procedures or as an alternative to traditional pain medication. This article explores VR's effectiveness in reducing pain in pediatric patients undergoing painful clinical procedures.

An Innovative Technique to Prevent Air Leaks from Cervical Esophagostomy during Face Mask Ventilation.

Unlabelled: During face mask ventilation, invariably, some air enters the esophagus rather than the airways; this results in gastric insufflation while the esophagus is intact or loss of tidal volume in patients with a cervical esophagostomy (Cx-esophagostomy).

Objective: The objective of the study was to report the indigenous use of an electrocardiography (ECG) electrode in successfully occluding the Cx-esophagostomy to prevent inadvertent loss of tidal volume.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-nine observations were recorded on 27 patients (mean age: 10.

Diffuse Esophageal Leiomyomatosis and the Surgical Challenges Encountered.

Diffuse esophageal leiomyomatosis (DEL) is a rare condition characterized by the growth of multiple benign smooth muscle tumors (leiomyomas) in the esophagus. These tumors can cause obstruction and functional impairment of the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and weight loss. The disease can present with leiomyomas or glomerular nephropathy in other body parts, hearing defects, astigmatism, or myopia (Alport's syndrome).

Management, Outcome, Risk, and Expectation Classification for Structural Fetal Anomalies to Aid Antenatal Counseling: A Systematic Review.

The aim of this study was to propose Management, Outcome, Risk, and Expectation (MORE) as a risk based stratification to aid in antenatal parental counseling and decision making through a systematic review of published literature. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses compliant systematic review was conducted to include articles that covered antenatal counseling of pediatric surgical conditions. The following information was solicited for each anomaly: primary organ syste*-m of involvement, single or multi system anomaly, natural history of the disease, standard management of the anomaly, need for antenatal intervention, and whether the anomaly requires any alteration in the obstetric management.

Management and Outcomes of Children with Malignant Germ Cell Tumor.

Objectives: To assess the clinico-pathological features, management and outcomes, amongst extracranial malignant germ cell tumors (MGCTs) in children treated primarily at a tertiary care center in a resource-challenged nation.

Methods: The prospectively maintained data for children below 14 y of age treated for extracranial MGCT from May 1994 to January 2023 was analyzed for patient characteristics, management, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) and factors effecting survival. Events was defined as death, recurrence and progression.

A comparative study of smooth muscle cell characteristics and myofibroblasts in processus vaginalis of pediatric inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis.

Background: Congenital inguinal hernia, hydrocele and undescended testis (UDT) are associated with patent processus vaginalis. The smooth muscles present in the processus vaginalis aid in the descent of the testis and undergo programmed cell death after testicular descent leading to obliteration. The persisting amount of smooth muscle in the processus vaginalis influences the clinical outcome as inguinal hernia, hydrocele or UDT.

Comparison of analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus erector spinae plane block in children undergoing elective open pyeloplasty - A randomized, double-blinded, controlled study.

Background And Aims: Comparison of analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transmuscular quadratus lumborum block (QL-3) and erector spinae block (ESP) in children undergoing open pyeloplasty was done in this study.

Material And Methods: This was a randomized, double-blinded, controlled study conducted in a tertiary care center, operating rooms, post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), and paediatric surgical ward. Sixty children of age 1-6 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) status I or II, undergoing elective open pyeloplasty were included in the study.

Successful Laparoscopic Management of Zinner Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient.

Zinner syndrome, a rare congenital anomaly affecting males, is characterized by atresia of the ejaculatory duct, seminal vesicle cysts, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. This case report details a 2-year-old boy successfully treated with laparoscopic excision of a dilated vas deferens and seminal vesicle cyst. The rarity of Zinner syndrome in pediatric patients underscores the importance of understanding its diagnosis and minimally invasive surgical management.

Makeshift Shunts in Extrahepatic Portal Vein Obstruction in Pediatric Population.

Background And Objectives: More than 20% of patients with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) may be deemed as nonshuntable due to lack of a suitable vein. The role of "makeshift shunts" or "lesser shunts" assumes importance in such cases. In this report, the authors have shared their experience with the makeshift shunts in the management of portal hypertension in children with emphasis upon anatomic considerations, resolution of symptoms, outcomes after surgery, and shunt patency.

Benign paediatric liver tumours: The radiological maze demystified.

Unlabelled: The trajectory from the clinical identification of a benign liver mass to establishing a precise diagnosis is perplexing and arduous. Related contributory factors are that such lesions are encountered infrequently and that there is a nonavailability of dedicated paediatric radiologists in the developing world. The objective of this study was to review the spectrum of benign liver lesions in children and their typical imaging features.

Management of Stoma Prolapse Using Polypropylene Mesh Strip: A Novel and Easy Technique.

Stomal prolapse is one of the most common complications of enterostoma. Stoma if persistent and significant often requires revision of stoma. The techniques described often require laparotomy with resection or internal fixation of the bowel.

Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of the Extrahepatic Portal Venous Obstruction Publication Landscape.

Introduction: A scientometric analysis was conducted to characterize the global research publications in extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (EHPVO), and state-of-the-art visualization graphics were generated to provide insight into specific bibliometric variables.

Materials And Methods: The Web of Science database was accessed for research productivity and bibliometric variables of countries, institutions, authors, journals, and content analysis of top-20 cited documents were performed. Collaborative networks and co-occurrence of keywords map were generated using VOSviewer software.

Looking Beyond Toxicities: Other Health-related Morbidities Noted in Childhood Solid Tumor Survivors.

Aim: In addition to the well-known toxicities of treatment, survivors of pediatric solid tumors can also develop other health-related conditions. They may either be an indirect consequence of therapy or could be unrelated to their prior history of malignancy. We aim to evaluate the nontoxicity related health conditions in survivors of pediatric solid tumors.

Defining the Indications of PATIO Technique for Urethrocutaneous Fistula Repair.

Introduction: Despite the advancements in technique and technology, urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) formation continues to be the most common complication after hypospadias repair.

Objective: The objective of the current synthesis is to define the indications of PATIO technique for UCF repair.

Materials And Methods: The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.