A 7-point evidence-based care discharge protocol for patients hospitalized for exacerbation of COPD: consensus strategy and expert recommendation.

Acute exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) are an important event in the life of a COPD patient as it causes significant deterioration of physical, mental, and social health, hastens disease progression, increases the risk of dying and causes a huge economic loss. Preventing ECOPD is therefore one of the most important goals in the management of COPD. Before the patient is discharged after hospitalization for ECOPD, it is crucial to offer an evidence-based care bundle protocol that will help minimize the future risk of readmissions and death.

Restitutio ad integrum: Rescuing the Alveolar Macrophage Function with HSCT in Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis Due to CSF2Rα Deficiency.

Hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (hPAP) is a rare lung-related primary immunodeficiency. In hPAP, variants of genes encoding the heterodimeric GM-CSF receptor alpha or beta-chains (CSF2Rα, CSF2Rβ) lead to perturbations in GM-CSF signalling. These perturbations impair the scavenging function of pulmonary alveolar macrophages leading to accumulation of surfactant proteins and lipids within the alveoli.

Effect of a Structured Tele Based Post COVID-19 Rehabilitation Program in the Indian Population.

The emergence of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) and the imperative for social distancing have propelled telehealth to the forefront. Even after discharge, patients may experience lingering symptoms, termed post-COVID-19 syndrome, which impairs functioning. This syndrome persists beyond recovery from COVID-19.

Fluticasone Furoate/Vilanterol Use Trends and Characteristics in Patients With Obstructive Airway Disease: A Real-World Study of 10,374 Patients From India.

Introduction Obstructive Airway Diseases (OADs) are the leading cause of death among chronic respiratory diseases worldwide, and novel therapies are direly needed. Fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/Vi) (100/25 µg) is the first once-daily ICS/uLABA marketed in India for COPD since 2021. Considering its limited real-world experience in OAD patients in Indian clinical settings, a large drug utilization study (DUS) was planned.

Role of impulse oscillometry in diagnosis and follow-up in bronchial asthma.

Background: Asthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, characterized by bronchial hyper-responsiveness and variable airflow obstruction, that is often reversible either spontaneously or with treatment. Impulse oscillometry is a newer diagnostic modality for asthma. It is based on the measurement of sound waves reflected by airway resistance.

Fundus findings in patients admitted with post COVID-19 sepsis in an intensive care unit.

Purpose: COVID-19 infection is being increasingly identified as a risk factor for the development of ocular infections, especially endogenous endophthalmitis. Current studies primarily report cases among survivors, and the overall prevalence, especially amongst patients admitted with active sepsis is unknown. We report on the fundus and systemic findings of inpatients who were being treated for post-COVID-19 systemic secondary infections in a tertiary intensive care unit.

Genetic insight into Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome in Indian patients reveals novel mutations at FLCN.

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare monogenic condition mostly associated with germline mutations at FLCN. It is characterized by either one or more manifestations of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP), skin fibrofolliculomas and renal carcinoma (chromophobe). Here, we comprehensively studied the mutational background of 31 clinically diagnosed BHDS patients and their 74 asymptomatic related members from 15 Indian families.

Bilateral Whole Lung Lavage in Hereditary Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis in a 4-year-old Child Using Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Unlabelled: The hereditary form of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is an uncommon entity. We report a case of PAP due to colony-stimulating factor 2 receptor alpha (CSF2RA) gene mutation. The standard of care includes whole lung lavage (WLL).

An Unusual Case of Atrial Wall Cardiac Sarcoidosis Detected on Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Scan.

Isolated cardiac sarcoidosis (ICS) accounts for 5%-10% of patients with sarcoidosis. It can involve atrioventricular node causing heart block, as well as the basal septum, papillary muscles, focal regions in the free wall, and the myocardium being more commonly involved. The diagnosis is achieved on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and endomyocardial biopsy.

Fundus Lesions in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Infection in Mumbai, India: A Retrospective Review.

Background and objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection that has grown to be a global pandemic, and it is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The ocular involvement in COVID-19, both in the anterior and posterior segments, is increasingly being recognized by ophthalmologists. We report the fundus photographic and systemic findings in 25 patients without recent-onset visual symptoms who were hospitalized with COVID-19.

Beyond COVID-19: Evidence-Based Consensus Statement on the Role of Physiotherapy in Pulmonary Rehabilitation in the Indian Context.

Post COVID-19 sequelae includes breathlessness, weakness, fatigue, decreased exercise tolerance and impaired quality of life. Physiotherapy based rehabilitation program is an essential component for post COVID-19 patients in facilitating maximum functional recovery. Expert consensus statements are available from the developed countries.

Effect of Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) Program in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)-Indian scenario.

Introduction: Interstitial Lung diseases (ILD) are group of disorders wherein due to varied etiologies, interstitium goes into progressive inflammation or fibrosis. Although, the awareness has improved but the therapy is still facing challenges. Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is a worthy modality, which not only supports but also imparts evident benefits in these patients.

A Relook of Cefuroxime in Community Infections: An Option Still Beneficial.

In community and family practice, infections are a common OPD presentation. In the management of common bacterial infections seen in community especially RTI, UTI, SSTI; cefuroxime a second generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity can be used for empirical treatment. To know current place of cefuroxime in the management of infections, physicians, surgeons, microbiologist, chest physician, gynecologist and pediatrician came together to discuss and debate their experience with cefuroxime and its place in today's world.

Syringo-pleural shunt: a rare cause of recurrent pleural effusion.

case of a patient with reported spinal tuberculosis (TB) that developed syringomyelia, a rare sequelae of the disease is presented in this report. He underwent syringo-pleural shunting for syringomyelia. After 15 years, the patient presented with recurrent pleural effusion.

Resistance patterns among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in greater metropolitan Mumbai: trends over time.

Background: While the high burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) itself is a matter of great concern, the emergence and rise of advanced forms of drug-resistance such as extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) and extremely drug-resistant TB (XXDR-TB) is more troubling. The aim of this study was to investigate the trends over time of patterns of drug resistance in a sample of MDR-TB patients in greater metropolitan Mumbai, India.

Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of drug susceptibility testing (DST) results among MDR-TB patients from eight health care facilities in greater Mumbai between 2005 and 2013.

An unusual case of invasive Aspergillus ulcerative tracheobronchitis without involvement of lung parenchyma in a post-renal transplant patient.

We present the case of a 54-year-old male, who presented with respiratory complaints four months after he underwent renal transplantation. Bronchoscopy showed ulcerated mucosa of the left main bronchus and computed tomography (CT) of the thorax showed foci of air within the bronchial wall. A biopsy from the lesion showed septate fungal hyphae, dichotomously branching at acute angles.

Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor therapy for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

We report a case of 58 year old female diagnosed with Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (PAP) with recurrence of PAP after 5 repeated whole lung lavage, responding to subcutaneous injections of Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor therapy (GM-CSF). Thus indicating that GM-CSF therapy is a promising alternative in those requiring repeated whole lung lavage

Assessment of the impact strength of the denture base resin polymerized by various processing techniques.

Aim: To measure the impact strength of denture base resins polymerized using short and long curing cycles by water bath, pressure cooker and microwave techniques.

Materials And Methods: For impact strength testing, 60 samples were made. The sample dimensions were 60 mm × 12 mm × 3 mm, as standardized by the American Standards for Testing and Materials (ASTM).

The efficacy and safety of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid 1000/125mg twice daily extended release (XR) tablet for the treatment of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia in adults.

This study was designed to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of pharmacokinetically enhanced amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 2000 mg/125 mg extended release formulation (ER), than conventional formulations against community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens, particularly Streptococcus pneumoniae, with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin. This is an open labelled, multicentric, prospective, interventional study carried out across India from June 2008 to March 2009. The study included adult patients (>18 years), weighing between 40 to 60 kg with radiologically confirmed community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Influence of the processing technique on the flexural fatigue strength of denture base resins: an in vitro investigation.

Background: Though acrylic resins possess many desirable properties, denture fracture due to flexural fatigue or impact failure is a common problem. One major factor influencing the flexural fatigue strength of denture base resins is the processing technique used.

Aim: To measure the flexural fatigue strength of denture base resins polymerized using short and long curing cycles using water bath, pressure cooker, and microwave polymerization techniques.

Exudative pleural effusions in patients over forty years of age--an analysis of seventy-six patients.

A prospective study of 76 consecutive patients over the age of 40 years, with exudative pleural effusion, was undertaken to determine the common causes of such a clinical condition. Malignant pleural effusions were the most common in this series, found in 49 patients (64.47%), all but one being metastatic from elsewhere.