Mortality prediction model for patients with bladder urothelial tumor after radical cystectomy.

Objective: Based on preoperative clinical and postoperative pathological variables, we aim to build a prediction model of cancer specific mortality (CSM) at 1, 3, and 5 years for patients with bladder transitional cell carcinoma treated with RC.

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 517 patients with diagnosis of cell carcinoma treated by RC (1986-2009). Demographic, clinical, surgical and pathological variables were collected, as well as complications and evolution after RC.

Effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced urothelial carcinoma of the bladder treated with cystectomy.

Introduction: Currently, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy (ADJ) in muscle invasive bladder tumor remains controversial.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of ADJ on cancer specific survival of muscle invasive bladder tumor after radical cystectomy (RC).

Material And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 292 patients diagnosed with urothelial bladder tumor pT3-4pN0 / + cM0 stage, treated with RC between 1986-2009.

Virtual reality and intracorporeal navigation in urology.

Objective: To provide an overview of the meaning and types of virtual reality (VR) system, its current applications in the field of urology and future implications.

Synthesis Of The Evidence: The concept of VR involves the generation of computer environments with which a user can interact directly. Urology technologies and surgical practices are constantly evolving and RV simulation has become an important complement in urologist training curricula, taking into account not only simulations in surgical techniques, but also in non-surgical techniques such as communication and decision making.

[Partial orchiectomy in testicular tumor: Surgical technique and role of intraoperatory ecography.].

Objectives: Systematic review of the treatment of small testicular masses (STM) by testicular sparing surgery (TSS), including indications, surgical techniques and complications, as well as the correlation of the analysis of frozen sections (FSE) with the final tumor histology. As a secondary objective we report the initial experience of our center in TSS.

Material And Methods: A systematic literature search of the Medline/PubMed database for studies published until June 30, 2019 with the following keywords: "testis sparing surgery", "conservative surgery", "partial orquiectomy" "testicular neoplasms", "testis tumour", "Sex cord tumor", "intraoperative ultrasonography", "enucleation", "excision" or "resection" without time limits, in English and Spanish, identifying 20 articles with a total of 204 TSS, being the series with the largest sample size of 28.

Cavoscopy in the surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma with vena cava thrombus. Systematic review.

Objective: To perform a literature review on the use of cavoscopy during surgery for renal cell carcinoma with vena cava thrombus (RCCVCT), according to the criteria of Evidence-Based Medicine.

Material And Methods: We performed a Pubmed search for studies published with the following keywords: "renal tumor thrombus", "renal tumor cavoscopy" and "cystoscopy thrombus", without time limit and in English. With these criteria, 5 articles were identified with a total of 41 patients.

[The role of intraoperatory ultrasound in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for intrarenal tumors.].

Objectives: The use of intraoperatory laparoscopic ultrasound for nephron sparring surgery (partial nephrectomy) in patients with technically challenging tumors has emerged during the last years. The objective of this work is to present a literature review and analysis of the published series, as well as the surgical technique of intraoperatory laparoscopic guided partial nephrectomy.

Methods: Pubmed and Scopus serch was performed in January 2019 including the following keywords: "intraoperative ultrasonography", "laparoscopic ultrasonography" and "partial nephrectomy", the published series are presented.

[Cirugía guiada por la imagen y otros avances en la ayuda al diagnóstico y tratamiento quirúrgico urológico.].

 La evolución de la cirugía va ligada inexorablemente al avance de la tecnología,en un ciclo acelerado que ha transformado completamente el escenario de la cirugía urológica.Poco tiene que ver la realidad actual con la cirugía que los urólogos del siglo XXaprendimos de nuestros maestros..

[Prognostic factors of mortality in patients with urothelial bladder tumor treated with radical cistectomy.].

Introduction: Radical cystectomy (RC) with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the treatment of choice in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Objective: To identify clinical and pathological variables that influence global mortality (GM) and cancer specific mortality (CSM) in patients with urothelial bladder tumor (UBT) treated with RC. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 517 patients diagnosed with UBT and treated with RC between 1986 and 2009.

Influence of laparoscopic access in cancer-specific mortality of patients with pTa-2pN0R0 bladder cancer treated with radical cistectomy.

Introduction And Objective: Minimally invasive surgery represents an attractive surgical approach in radical cystectomy. However, its effect on the oncological results is still controversial due to the lack of definite analyses. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the laparoscopic approach on cancer-specific mortality.

[Buccal mucosa graft for the treatment of long ureteral stenosis: Bibliographic review.].

Objective: To perform a literature review on the use of buccal mucosa graft (BMG) in the treatment of extensive ureteral stenosis, according to the criteria of Evidence Based Medicine.

Methods: Pubmed search of published studies with the following keywords: "ureteral stricture treatment", "buccal mucosa graft ureteral treatment" and "buccal mucosa graft ureteroplasty", without time limits, in English and Spanish; 12 articles were identified with a total of 48 cases (46 patients) of BMG use in ureteral repair.

Results: The main etiologies of ureteral stenosis, where BMG has been applied, have been iatrogenic and inflammatory strictures.

[Laparoscopic Boari Flap ureteral reimplantation.].

Objectives: To report our initial experience with laparoscopic Boari flap ureteral reimplantation and to review the main technical elements in ureteral reconstructive surgery.

Methods: In a 10-year period we performed 23 laparoscopic ureteral reimplantations. Three cases required a Boari flap.

[Anatomy and vascularization on the male urethra and penis].

In this review we present an update on the anatomy and vascularization of the male urethra. The real objective of this review is to make the following chapters more understandable, both to know the physio-pathological mechanisms of urethral pathology and also to help us in their surgical management.