Reciprocal Associations Between Positivity and Positive Affect During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

In this study, the associations between positivity and positive affect were examined at five time points between January 2020 and September 2021, a period of turmoil associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from 1401 students (73.45% women) attending an online university in Spain, commencing at the outbreak of the pandemic and then at four different time points up to the time it was considered to have been controlled.

Intraoperative Pain Management for Treatment-Resistant Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Case Report.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic neuropathic pain disorder often following trauma, associated with severe pain and autonomic disturbances in the affected limbs. Managing CRPS is challenging due to the lack of FDA-approved medications, often requiring off-label treatments. Traditional options like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids show limited efficacy, while adjunctive treatments such as gabapentin, antidepressants, and bisphosphonates are increasingly favored.

Autistic Sensory Traits and Psychological Distress: Mediating Role of Worry and Intolerance of Uncertainty.

Background/objectives: Autistic adults exhibit core and comorbid features that can have an impact on their daily functioning and lead to considerable psychological distress. Significant and consistent associations have been identified between autism characteristics-restricted repetitive behaviors and sensory features-and high levels of stress and anxiety. For a better understanding of the issue, it is necessary to consider the cognitive aspects that can help explain variations in stress and anxiety levels among adults with autism.

One Health Farming: Noninvasive monitoring reveals links between farm vertebrate richness and pathogen markers in outdoor hoofstock.

Outdoor farming contributes to biodiversity conservation and enhances animal welfare, but also raises biosafety concerns due to livestock contact with potentially infected wildlife. Thus, there is a need to assess the balance between vertebrate species richness on farms, visits by wildlife species posing a biosafety risk, and pathogen circulation in open-air farming systems. We explored these links in a pilot study involving 15 open-air hoofstock farms (6 cattle, 5 small ruminant, and 4 pig farms), where we conducted interviews and risk point inspections and used two noninvasive tools: short-term camera trap (CT) deployment and environmental nucleic acid detection (ENAD).

Secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity produced by thermophilic bacteria from a high-altitude hydrothermal system.

Thermophilic microorganisms possess several adaptations to thrive in high temperature, which is reflected as biosynthesis of proteins and thermostable molecules, isolation and culture represent a great methodological challenge, therefore High throughput sequencing enables screening of the whole bacterial genome for functional potential, providing rapid and cost-effective information to guide targeted cultures for the identification and characterization of novel natural products. In this study, we isolated two thermophilic bacterial strains corresponding to LB7 and LB8, from the microbial mats in the Atacama Desert. By combining genome mining, targeted cultures and biochemical characterization, we aimed to identify their capacity to synthesize bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties.

Chemical Characterization and Enantioselective Analysis of Lag. Essential Oil and Crude Extract.

The essential oil (EO) of Lag. was obtained from dried plant material through Clevenger-type steam distillation and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and enantioselective gas chromatography. The results showed 50 compounds (93.

Artificial intelligence for dysplasia detection during surveillance colonoscopy in patients with ulcerative colitis: A cross-sectional, non-inferiority, diagnostic test comparison study.

Background And Study Aim: High-definition virtual chromoendoscopy, along with targeted biopsies, is recommended for dysplasia surveillance in ulcerative colitis patients at risk for colorectal cancer. Computer-aided detection (CADe) systems aim to improve colonic adenoma detection, however their efficacy in detecting polyps and adenomas in this context remains unclear. This study evaluates the CADe Discovery™ system's effectiveness in detecting colonic dysplasia in ulcerative colitis patients at risk for colorectal cancer.

Contribution of herd management, biosecurity, and environmental factors to the risk of bovine tuberculosis in a historically low prevalence region.

Eradication of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in certain historically low-prevalence regions remains elusive. A complete characterisation of the husbandry practices, biosecurity, and environment where farms are located is crucial to implement targeted in-farm risk mitigation protocols. Here, a detailed survey performed in 94 dairy cattle farms located in Navarra, a low-prevalence region of Spain between 2016 and 2020 was carried out.

Nutritional support in the critical ill patient: Requirements, prescription and adherence.

Introduction: In critically ill patients, nutritional support is a challenge in terms of both estimating their requirements and ensuring adherence to the prescribed treatment.

Objective: To assess the association between requirements, prescription and adherence to energy and protein supplementation based on the phase of disease in critically ill patients.

Sample And Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational and analytical study in patients aged 0-18 years admitted to the paediatric intensive or intermediate care unit in 2020-2021.

GALLBLADDER POLYPS: CORRELATION AND AGREEMENT BETWEEN ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN A POPULATION WITH HIGH INCIDENCE OF GALLBLADDER CANCER.

Background: Gallbladder polyps are becoming a common finding in ultrasound. The management has to consider the potential risk of malignant lesions.

Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the ultrasound findings in patients undergoing cholecystectomy due to gallbladder polyps and compare them for histopathological findings (HPs).

Once bitten twice shy: Risk factors associated with bovine tuberculosis recurrence in Castilla y Leon, Spain.

Persistence of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle herd remains a major challenge in disease elimination due to the ineffectual removal of all infected animals in a bTB breakdown. Characterization of herds with a higher probability of experiencing further bTB breakdowns can help to implement specific risk-based policies for disease control and eradication. Here, our aim was to identify herd- and breakdown-level risk factors in bTB infected herds in Castilla y Leon, Spain, associated with a decreased time to recurrence and an increased risk of recurrence using a mixed effects Cox proportional hazards model and a multivariable logistic regression model, respectively.

Total mercury determination in bivalves sold in open markets from Quito, Ecuador.

This study aimed to quantify the amount of total mercury in bivalves supplied from Esmeraldas Province and sold in markets in the Metropolitan District of Quito, Ecuador. The determined total mercury concentration was compared to the permissible limits established by the European Commission and World Health Organization-Food and Agriculture Organization and health risk subsequently assessed. Sampling was conducted in five open markets and involved collecting fifteen specimens from each market.

Policy evaluations of microenterprise business support services in Latin America: A systematic review.

Microenterprises represent 88.4 % of Latin American enterprises, and many countries in the region have developed microenterprise promotion policies in recent years; however, rigorous evaluation remains a pending issue. To shed light on the research done on this topic over the last 20 years and propose a roadmap for the policy evaluation of microenterprise business support services and the development of microenterprise indicators, this work conducts a systematic review, following the PRISMA guidelines, of peer-reviewed journal articles examining the impact of business support services on microenterprise performance in low- and middle-income Latin American countries.

Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of diclofenac with a boron-doped diamond electrode modified with titanium dioxide as a photoanode.

The electrophoretic deposition of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (Degussa P25) onto a boron-doped diamond (BDD) substrate was carried out to produce a photoanode (TiO/BDD) to apply in the degradation and mineralization of sodium diclofenac (DCF-Na) in an aqueous medium using photoelectrocatalysis (PEC). This study was divided into three stages: i) photoanode production through electrophoretic deposition using three suspensions (1.25%, 2.

A 3D Model of the Jaw Applied to Paediatric Dentistry.

As education and knowledge are adapted to new education systems, as per the Bologna Plan, new technologies are required for educational support. In dentistry, the creation of virtual simulators can advance understanding in areas like anatomy. With this aim, a three-dimensional virtual model of the maxilo-mandibular system was created, based on a real infantile specimen.

All-Ceramic Passive Wireless Temperature Sensor Realized by Tin-Doped Indium Oxide (ITO) Electrodes for Harsh Environment Applications.

In this work, an all-ceramic passive wireless inductor-capacitor (LC) resonator was presented for stable temperature sensing up to 1200 °C in air. Instead of using conventional metallic electrodes, the LC resonators are modeled and fabricated with thermally stable and highly electroconductive ceramic oxide. The LC resonator was modeled in ANSYS HFSS to operate in a low-frequency region (50 MHz) within 50 × 50 mm geometry using the actual material properties of the circuit elements.

New technique for abdominal wall procurement. Initial experience.

Difficulty in obtaining adequate abdominal wall closure due to loss of the abdominal domain is a frequent complication of multivisceral, isolated intestinal transplantation and in some cases of liver transplantation. Various methods for primary closure have been proposed, including the use of synthetic and biological meshes, as well as full-thickness abdominal wall and non-vascularized rectus fascia grafts. We describe a novel technique for abdominal wall procurement in which the graft is perfused synchronously with the abdominal organs and can be transplanted as a full-thickness wall or as a non-vascularized rectus fascia graft.

Psychological Distress, Disorder Severity, and Perception of Positive Contributions in Couples Raising Individuals With Autism.

Parents' perception of the positive contributions associated with raising children with autism is considered to be a protective factor in the process of psychological adaptation. Thus, it is essential to unveil what factors are related to this perception. We explore how parents' psychological distress (parental stress and anxiety) predicts the perception of positive contributions in fathers and mothers who raise individuals with different levels of autism severity.

Q-CHAT-NAO: A robotic approach to autism screening in toddlers.

The use of humanoid robots as assistants in therapy processes is not new. Several projects in the past several years have achieved promising results when combining human-robot interaction with standard techniques. Moreover, there are multiple screening systems for autism; one of the most used systems is the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT-10), which includes ten questions to be answered by the parents or caregivers of a child.

Polyresistant Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Human and Sympatric Sheep, Spain, 2017-2018.

The main etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB) in livestock is Mycobacterium bovis; human TB cases caused by M. bovis are rare. Analysis of a TB outbreak caused by polyresistant M.

Evaluation of the performance of slaughterhouse surveillance for bovine tuberculosis detection in Castilla y Leon, Spain.

Post-mortem inspection (PMI) of routinely slaughtered cattle in abattoirs is an extremely valuable tool for detecting bovine tuberculosis (bTB) infected herds that can supplement active surveillance activities. However, its true performance is difficult to assess due to the multiple factors that may affect it. Here, we determined relative efficiencies in the detection of bTB-compatible lesions and probabilities of subsequent laboratory confirmation of abattoirs located in Castilla y Leon, one of the regions with the largest cattle population in Spain, between 2010 and 2017.

Use of Network Analysis and Spread Models to Target Control Actions for Bovine Tuberculosis in a State from Brazil.

Livestock movements create complex dynamic interactions among premises that can be represented, interpreted, and used for epidemiological purposes. These movements are a very important part of the production chain but may also contribute to the spread of infectious diseases through the transfer of infected animals over large distances. Social network analysis (SNA) can be used to characterize cattle trade patterns and to identify highly connected premises that may act as hubs in the movement network, which could be subjected to targeted control measures in order to reduce the transmission of communicable diseases such as bovine tuberculosis (TB).

Neuron-specific cilia loss differentially alters locomotor responses to amphetamine in mice.

The neural mechanisms that underlie responses to drugs of abuse are complex, and impacted by a number of neuromodulatory peptides. Within the past 10 years it has been discovered that several of the receptors for neuromodulators are enriched in the primary cilia of neurons. Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that project from the surface of nearly all mammalian cells, including neurons.

Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated With Herds With an Increased Duration of Bovine Tuberculosis Breakdowns in Castilla y Leon, Spain (2010-2017).

The persistence of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in certain cattle herds is a major concern in countries pursuing disease eradication worldwide. The chronic nature of the disease, the lack of performance of diagnostic tools, and the presence of wildlife reservoirs may lead infected herds to require longer periods to achieve the officially tuberculosis-free (OTF) status. Here, we evaluated the impact of farm and breakdown characteristics on the probability of disease persistence in infected farms in Castilla y Leon, a bTB-endemic region of Spain, using survival and logistic regression models.