Timing and intensity of vastus muscle activity during functional activities in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain.

Background And Purpose: Differences in intensity and timing of muscle activity between the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles have been hypothesized as contributing to lateral patellar tracking and patellofemoral pain (PFP). The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether there were differences in the activity of the vastus muscles that would be suggestive of patellar instability in subjects with PFP.

Subjects: Twenty-six subjects with PFP and 19 subjects without PFP participated in the study.

Basal cell (monomorphic) and minimally pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands. Distinction from the solid (anaplastic) type of adenoid cystic carcinoma in fine-needle aspiration.

Cytologic features of the cell-stroma interface are useful in distinguishing between monomorphic adenomas of the basal cell type and adenoid cystic carcinoma. In basal cell adenomas, the collagenous stroma interdigitates with adjacent cells, whereas in adenoid cystic carcinoma, the two are separated by a sharp smooth border. Furthermore, the stroma of basal cell adenomas can contain rare spindle cells or capillaries, but the cylinders of adenoid cystic carcinoma are acellular.

Louisiana health and nutrition survey.

The objective of this project was to conduct a survey to estimate the current prevalence of high-risk dietary, occupational, and other lifestyle factors in subgroups of the Louisiana population by age, sex, race, and geographic region. A probability sample of adult Louisiana residents was selected using a 3-stage cluster design identical to that used in the Louisiana Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The reduced version of the Health Habits and History Questionnaire developed by Block et al at the National Cancer Institute was administered by telephone.

The influence of lower-extremity muscle force on gait characteristics in individuals with below-knee amputations secondary to vascular disease.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between isometric muscle force and temporal-spatial gait characteristics for individuals who have had a below-knee amputation secondary to vascular disease.

Subjects: Twenty-two individuals (15 male, 7 female) with dysvascular below-knee amputations participated. The male subjects were aged 35 to 72 years (x=59.

Adenoid basal carcinoma of the cervix: a potential pitfall in cervicovaginal cytology.

Adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) of the cervix is a quite uncommon, indolent, yet invasive neoplasm rarely identified on cervicovaginal smears. This may be due in part to sampling. Unless ABCs become ulcerated, even vigorous brushing of the endocervical canal may not be adequate to dislodge the small, cohesive cells of this neoplasm.

Thymoma mimicking lymphoblastic lymphoma: a pitfall in fine-needle aspiration biopsy interpretation.

Lymphocyte-rich thymoma often contains lymphoblasts and lymphoblastic lymphoma often infiltrates the thymus gland. Although these two neoplasms are clinically distinct in most case, their cytologic features may be similar on biopsy. We describe a fine-needle aspiration biopsy of a thymoma in a 50-yr-old man to increase awareness of this pitfall in cytologic interpretation.

Exfoliative respiratory cytology in the diagnosis of leukemias and lymphomas in the lung.

Leukemias and lymphomas involving the lung were diagnosed by means of exfoliative cytology in 31 specimens from 20 patients. Initial diagnostic categorizations included 29 specimens "positive for malignancy," including two thought to represent "carcinoma vs. lymphoma," and two considered suspicious for lymphoma.

Lack of antidiuretic activity of lanreotide in the diabetes insipidus rat.

Lanreotide is a somatostatin analog which possesses antidiuretic activity in the rat. To determine whether vasopressin participates in the antidiuretic response to lanreotide, experiments were performed with diabetes insipidus (DI) rates homozygous for vasopressin deficiency. Lanreotide significantly increased urine osmolality and decreased urine volume and free water clearance during the 2-h period after injecting 400 microgram/kg s.

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the mediastinum. A multi-institutional analysis.

The combined experience of four university medical centers with fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of the mediastinum is reviewed. This series includes 189 cases, with 100 males and 89 females, 6 months to 86 years of age. The majority (71%) of diagnoses were neoplastic with the remainder equally distributed between nondiagnostic/unsatisfactory and nonneoplastic lesions.

The effect of five prosthetic feet on the gait and loading of the sound limb in dysvascular below-knee amputees.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of prosthetic foot design on the vertical ground reaction forces experienced by the sound and amputated limbs in a group of persons with dysvascular below-knee amputations. Stride characteristics, joint motion, and ground reaction forces were recorded simultaneously during a self-selected free walking velocity in seven subjects wearing five different prosthetic feet (SACH, Flex-Foot, Carbon Copy II, Seattle, Quantum). Subjects used each foot for one month prior to testing.

MR demonstration of a cystic pheochromocytoma.

Cystic pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal gland that can pose a diagnostic challenge. We report a case of a 14-year-old boy who had an adrenal lesion that appeared cystic by both sonography and CT, but that demonstrated hemorrhage into the lesion at MR imaging, and proved to be a cystic pheochromocytoma. We emphasize the importance of considering the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma when faced with a cystic lesion of the adrenal gland.

Supernumerary ovary with an endometrioma and osseous metaplasia: a case report.

A 32-year-old-woman with a history of endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain had left-sided pain and ultrasonographic documentation of a left pelvic complex cyst approximately 5 cm in diameter. Laparotomy revealed a left retroperitoneal cystic mass adjacent to the iliopsoas muscle and overlying the major pelvic vessels. The mass was dissected and excised.

Rearfoot posture in subjects with patellofemoral pain.

The relationship between structural foot deformities and excessive subtalar joint pronation as being contributory to patellofemoral pain has not been well documented. It was the purpose of this study to assess the rearfoot posture in patients diagnosed with patellofemoral pain compared with a normal population. In addition, the intratester reliability in obtaining rearfoot measurements was assessed for right and left sides in 21 normal subjects.

Primary and metastatic high-grade carcinomas of the salivary glands: a cytologic-histologic correlation study of twenty cases.

We reviewed the clinical and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings in 20 patients with poorly differentiated carcinomas presenting initially as parotid or as submandibular masses. There were 11 primary tumors and nine metastatic malignancies in 14 males and six females ranging in age from 39 to 89 yr (median = 66). The tumor types included three primary carcinomas with oncocytic features, three additional cases of high-grade parotid carcinoma, one case of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma, two examples of malignant mixed tumor, one high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, and a single example of malignant lymphoepithelial lesion.

"Cercariform" cells: a clue to the cytodiagnosis of transitional cell origin of metastatic neoplasms?

The "cercariform" cell is described as a distinct cytomorphologic clue that may be helpful in the diagnosis of metastatic transitional cell neoplasms, particularly low grade. This cell has a nucleated globular body and a cytoplasmic process with a nontapering, flattened, bulbous or fishtail-like end. The cercariform cell corresponds to intermediate cells in histologic and ultrastructural preparations of normal urothelium.

Energy expenditure during ambulation in dysvascular and traumatic below-knee amputees: a comparison of five prosthetic feet.

Recent advancement in prosthetic technology has led to the development of dynamic elastic response feet (DER), which are reported to store and release energy to facilitate gait. To date, there has been no objective evidence to suggest energy conservation while using these foot designs. The purpose of this study was to compare the energy expenditure of five commercially available prosthetic feet (SACH and four DER feet) in both the traumatic and dysvascular populations during level walking.

Estradiol and tamoxifen interactions with thyroid hormone in the ovariectomized-thyroidectomized rat.

Receptors for estrogens and thyroid hormone (T3) have related DNA-binding domains that interact with closely related DNA target sequences which enable transcriptional control. In vitro molecular studies have raised the possibility that estrogen and T3 receptors may compete for binding to certain DNA target sites (cross-talk). However, there have been no physiological studies evaluating the abilities of estrogens or T3 to mimic or inhibit each other in vivo in a manner consistent with a mechanism involving receptor cross-talk.

Derivatives of 2-[[N-(Aminocarbonyl)-N-hydroxyamino]methyl]-1,4- benzodioxan as orally active 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.

N-Hydroxyureas based on the 1,4-benzodioxan template were prepared from appropriately substituted 1,4-benzodioxan-2-methanols as the key intermediates and evaluated in the in vitro guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocyte 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) assay for their 5-LO inhibitory activity. Placement of a 7-phenoxy or 7-p-fluorophenoxy substituent resulted in a dramatic increase in in vitro potency. Selected compounds were subsequently assayed in an ex vivo dog model of LTB4 synthesis at a dose of 1.

Single mRNAs visualized by ultrastructural in situ hybridization are principally localized at actin filament intersections in fibroblasts.

Considerable evidence indicates that mRNA associates with structural filaments in the cell (cytoskeleton). This relationship would be an important mechanism to effect mRNA sorting since specific mRNAs could be sequestered at sites within the cell. In addition, it can provide a mechanism for spatial regulation of mRNA expression.

Castleman disease mimicking an aggressive retroperitoneal neoplasm.

A case of Castleman disease of the retroperitoneum in a 26-year-old woman is presented. Sonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a large retroperitoneal mass with somewhat heterogeneous imaging characteristics. Although a definitive preoperative diagnosis was not possible, magnetic resonance imaging was useful in delineating the extent of the tumor and defining the characteristics of surrounding soft tissues.