A multi-centric, single-blinded, randomized, parallel-group study to evaluate the effectiveness of nasoalveolar moulding treatment in non-syndromic patients with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate (NAMUC study): a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are among the most common congenital anomaly that affects up to 33,000 newborns in India every year. Nasoalveolar moulding (NAM) is a non-surgical treatment performed between 0 and 6 months of age to reduce the cleft and improve nasal aesthetics prior to lip surgery. The NAM treatment has been a controversial treatment option with 51% of the cleft teams in Europe, 37% of teams in the USA and 25 of cleft teams in India adopting this methodology.

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Emilia sonchifolia plant for treatment of bloodstream diseases caused by Escherichia coli.

Objectives: Among infectious diseases, bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) is the leading cause of death worldwide. However, the bacteria have produced resistance to many of these antibiotics.

Could maternal stress be a causal factor for nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate: A retrospective study.

Background: The etiology of the nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate is multifactorial and not clearly defined.

Objective: To determine whether maternal stress could be a causal factor for the occurrence of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study in which data from 50 mothers of children born with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate and 50 mothers of noncleft children were analyzed.

Discovery of isoquinolinone and naphthyridinone-based inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) as anticancer agents: Structure activity relationship and preclinical characterization.

The exploitation of GLU988 and LYS903 residues in PARP1 as targets to design isoquinolinone (I & II) and naphthyridinone (III) analogues is described. Compounds of structure I have good biochemical and cellular potency but suffered from inferior PK. Constraining the linear propylene linker of structure I into a cyclopentene ring (II) offered improved PK parameters, while maintaining potency for PARP1.

Spontaneous Rupture of a Huge Splenic Artery Aneurysm: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Splenic artery aneurysm is uncommon in a healthy young male patient. With spontaneous rupture, it can quickly become life-threatening. Our aim is to highlight the possibility of splenic artery aneurysm among healthy young patients and its presentation as recurrent abdominal pain, while pending rupture is possible, which can present a diagnostic challenge.

Optimizing operational parameters of finger millet threshing drum using RSM.

The operational parameters of threshing drum play a dominant role in the design and development of the finger millet thresher-cum-pearler. The finger millet threshing drum was developed and effects of operational parameters such as feed rate, drum speed and concave clearance on threshing efficiency, pearling efficiency and grain damage were individually studied using response surface method. A statistical tool of the central composite rotatable design was used for analysis.

Modeling and optimization of finger millet pearling process by using RSM.

Finger millet pearling process involves so many drudgery prone operations that specify the need for the development of finger millet pearling drum. The performance of pearling drum depends on its operational parameters. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the operational parameters of the pearling drum such as drum speed, concave clearance and pearling sieve size to obtain maximum pearling efficiency and minimum grain damage.

Efficacy of topical sucralfate vERSUs silver sulfadiazine in the management of burns: A 1-year randomized controlled trial.

Background: Several medications and topical agents have been used for burn injuries. Among them, 1% silver sulfadiazine is the most commonly used topical agent for partial thickness burns. Recent studies have reported that the healing of burns is delayed by silver sulfadiazine.

Profile of yeasts isolated from urinary tracts of catheterized patients.

Purpose: Nosocomial fungal infections are important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospital patients. Urinary catheters have been held responsible to cause a large number of hospital acquired Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). This study was undertaken to determine the incidence of nosocomial Candiduria associated with in dwelling urinary catheters, to characterize the species and assess their resistance to antifungal agents.

A new tailored technique of vermilion repair in unilateral cleft lip.

The deficiency of vermilion on the medial side of the cleft can be augmented by procedures using excess vermilion from the lateral side as described in various other studies.(1) Here we present a technique of vermilion repair in unilateral cleft lip which is a modification of our earlier-described, V-advancement technique based on sound geometrical principles.(2) The new modification was assessed by comparing the results of 40 consecutive cases operated by this technique with 40 cases operated by the earlier-described technique.

APOL1 null alleles from a rural village in India do not correlate with glomerulosclerosis.

Background: Among African-Americans, genome wide association revealed a strong correlation between the G1 and G2 alleles of APOL1 (apolipoproteinL1, also called trypanolytic factor) and kidney diseases including focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, HIV-associated nephropathy and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. In the prevailing hypothesis, heterozygous APOL1 G1 and G2 alleles increase resistance against Trypanosoma that cause African sleeping sickness, resulting in positive selection of these alleles, but when homozygous the G1 and G2 alleles predispose to glomerulosclerosis. While efforts are underway to screen patients for G1 and G2 alleles and to better understand "APOL1 glomerulopathy," no data prove that these APOL1 sequence variants cause glomerulosclerosis.

Isolated complete cleft.

Cleft sternum is a rare congenital anomaly due to failure of fusion of the sternal bone. The etiology of this defect is not well understood. The anomaly is more common in females and may be associated with Cantrell's pentalogy.

Attitudes of pregnant women and mothers of children with orofacial clefts toward prenatal diagnosis of nonsyndromic orofacial clefts in a semiurban set-up in India.

Objectives: To assess the attitudes of pregnant women and mothers of children with orofacial clefts toward prenatal diagnosis of clefts and elective termination of pregnancy, and to investigate their opinion about who makes reproductive decisions in the family.

Design: Two hundred subjects were included in the study prospectively regarding hypothetical prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of clefts.

Setting: The study was done in a private tertiary care institution and a teaching hospital.

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal carriage in children from urban community at Nagpur.

There has been a rise in the hospital acquired as well as the community acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aures (MRSA) infections in the recent years. We conducted a study to detect colonization rate of staphylococci in the nasopharynx in children and prevalence of MRSA nasopharyngeal carriage in pediatric population. The study included 1300 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from school going children between six to ten years age from Nagpur urban community and inoculated on blood agar for isolation of staphylococci.

Enteral glutamine supplementation reducing infectious morbidity in burns patients: a randomised controlled trial.

Purpose: Enteral glutamine supplements have been shown to reduce infectious morbidity in trauma patients, but their effect on patients with burns is not completely studied. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of enteral glutamine supplementation on infectious morbidity and in turn, the hospital-stay in patients with burns.

Methods: Thirty patients with burns were randomly divided into two groups with 15 patients in each, the study (glutamine supplemented) and control group.

Pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in HIV negative, immunocompromised host.

Cryptosporidia are intestinal spore forming protozoa, which cause intracellular infections, predominantly in the epithelial cells of the intestine. Extra-intestinal infections with Cryptosporidium parvum have been rarely reported. However, a few reports of pulmonary cryptosporidiosis in HIV/AIDS cases have been mentioned in literature.

Economic impact of interventional study on rational use of antiseptics and disinfectants in Super Speciality Hospital of Nagpur.

Objective: To measure the impact of interventions on rational use of antiseptics and disinfectants (A and D) for cost containment in Super Speciality Hospital (SSH) of Government Medical College, Nagpur (GMCN), India.

Materials And Methods: This study was conducted from October 2003 to March 2007 in SSH of GMCN. In the pre-interventional phase (Phase-I), purchase, stocking and distribution of A and D was studied to find problem areas.

Supernumerary nostril with complete unilateral cleft lip: a case report and review.

The supernumerary nostril is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of duplication. A review of the literature shows that only 17 cases have been reported in the world. The supernumerary nostril in association with facial clefting is even more rare, with only three cases reported so far.

A geometrically sound technique of vermilion repair in unilateral cleft lip.

In unilateral cleft lip, there is always a deficiency of vermilion on the medial side of the cleft, which can be augmented by techniques using excess vermilion from the lateral side of the cleft, like the use of a simple V-advancement flap. We developed a modification of Noordhoff's lateral vermilion flap that preserves the parallel relationship of the muco-vermilion line and the white roll but improves results in unilateral cleft lip patients. In a study of 30 patients undergoing surgical repair of complete unilateral cleft lip, we found that this method offers a superior alternative to the straight-line repair.

Short report: Human trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in a village in India: preliminary serologic survey of the local population.

After discovery of the first recorded case of human infection with Trypanosoma evansi, serologic screening of 1,806 persons from the village of origin of the patient in India was performed using the card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis and T. evansi. A total of 410 (22.