Sevoflurane anesthesia and brain perfusion.

Objective/aim: To assess the impact of sevoflurane and anesthesia-induced hypotension on brain perfusion in children younger than 6 months.

Background: Safe lower limit of blood pressure during anesthesia in infant is unclear, and inadequate anesthesia can lead to hypotension, hypocapnia, and low cerebral perfusion. Insufficient cerebral perfusion in infant during anesthesia is an important factor of neurological morbidity.

Impact of sevoflurane anesthesia on brain oxygenation in children younger than 2 years.

Objective/aim: To assess the impact of sevoflurane and anesthesia-induced hypotension on brain oxygenation in children younger than 2 years.

Background: Inhalational induction with sevoflurane is the most commonly used technique in young children. However, the effect of sevoflurane on cerebral perfusion has been only studied in adults and children older than 1 year.

[Anaesthetic management of a child with hemoglobinopathy].

Perioperative management of a child with sickle-cell disease requires close collaboration between hematologist, surgeon and anesthetist. The level of preoperative preparation must consider both the surgical risk and the impact of the disease. Preoperative hydration and blood transfusion are the most important part of preoperative management.

Latex allergy in children: modalities and prevention.

Allergic or immediate hypersensitivity reactions to latex have been reported in children with increasing frequency in the past. The reported prevalence varies greatly depending upon the population studied and the methods used to detect sensitization. Children's subpopulations at particular risk include: atopics, individuals with spina bifida, children undergoing surgical procedure during the neonatal period and individuals who required frequent surgical instrumentations.

Efficacy and plasma levels of ropivacaine for children: controlled regional analgesia following lower limb surgery.

Background: Continuous regional analgesia (CRA) is considered a safe and efficacious technique for postoperative pain relief in children after lower limb surgery. We recently evaluated the feasibility of patient-controlled regional analgesia (PCRA) in a similar acute pain situation and we concluded that PCRA might be advantageous over CRA in terms of lower costs, risk of systemic toxicity while producing similarly adequate analgesia. We therefore prospectively compared both techniques in the paediatric population.

Patient-controlled regional analgesia is effective in children: a preliminary report.

Purpose: To report a preliminary analysis of prospectively recorded data in 27 children in whom patient-controlled regional analgesia (PCRA) was used for postoperative pain control following lower limb surgery.

Methods: Under general anesthesia, perineural catheters (popliteal and fascia iliaca compartment block) were inserted and infused with ropivacaine 0.2% (0.

Patient-controlled epidural analgesia versus continuous epidural infusion with ropivacaine for postoperative analgesia in children.

Unlabelled: Epidural ropivacaine infusion has been used in children; however, patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) has not been evaluated in the pediatric population. In this study, we compared the clinical efficiency of PCEA and of continuous epidural infusion analgesia (CEA) in children. Forty-eight children undergoing orthopedic surgery were randomized to receive PCEA or CEA with ropivacaine 0.

Risk factors for airway complications during general anaesthesia in paediatric patients.

Background: Although airway complications are a frequent problem during paediatric anaesthesia, no study has prospectively identified risk factors for adverse respiratory events during airway management when LMA trade mark (laryngeal mask airway), face mask (FM) or a tracheal tube (TT) are used.

Methods: A prospective study was performed at a university hospital's paediatric centre. Preoperative information included recent history of respiratory infection and type of surgery.

[Acute gastric distension necessitating gastrostomy after anesthetic induction for surgical correction of type III esophageal atresia].

IPPV during anaesthesia for management of oesophageal atresia with tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) can cause gastric insufflation. We report such a complication in a one-day-old newborn, who developed, 15 min after induction, a distension of the abdomen, hypoxia and bracdycardia. An emergency gastrostomy was performed.

[Long-term results and prognostic factors after mitral valve replacement using the Starr-Edwards 6120 prosthesis].

Between 1970 and 1984, 386 mitral valve replacements with the SE 6120 prosthesis were performed with a mean post-operative follow-up of 75 +/- 44 months or a total follow-up of 2520 patient years (PY). Rapid post-operative mortality was 6.7 percent and the delayed mortality 26.

[Uterine inversion: an anesthetic emergency].

A case of complete uterine inversion, in a 27-year-old woman after delivery of her third child, is reported. Because of lack of placental separation after 40 min. manual removal was carried out under general anaesthesia (midazolam, ketamine, alfentanil).

[Uretero-calicostomy for hydronephrosis caused by junction disease in children and adolescents. Apropos of 35 cases].

35 children and adolescents were submitted to ureterocalicostomy for PUJ obstruction. The surgical procedure is explained and specially the importance of performing a regular, muco-mucosal anastomosis to avoid its secondary stenosis. 9 patients have an excellent result with absence of clinical symptoms, sterile urinalysis and normal IVP.

[Indications and results of the MAGPI intervention in the treatment of minor hypospadias].

In order to clarify the indications of MAGPI procedure (Meatal Advancement and Glanuloplasty Incorporated), 18 patients operated upon have been reassessed after a long follow-up (mean: 30 months). The cosmetic and functional results are good in 16 cases, 2 non-satisfactory results are noticed with a wrong meatal position. The initial position of the meatus (glanular or coronal), the absence of chordee and the initial aspect of the glans (broad and flat) are the three main conditions to obtain a good result.