A novel broad-spectrum bacteriophage cocktail against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Isolation, characterization, and therapeutic potential in a mastitis mouse model.

Bovine mastitis is a considerable challenge within the dairy industry, causing significant financial losses and threatening public health. The increased occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has provoked difficulties in managing bovine mastitis. Bacteriophage therapy presents a novel treatment strategy to combat MRSA infections, emerging as a possible substitute for antibiotics.

Anti-invasion activities of heat-killed lactic acid bacteria isolates against serovar Typhimurium.

Background And Objectives: The most common cause of severe foodborne salmonellosis is Typhimurium. Its interaction with intestinal epithelial cells is little known. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were recognized as a prominent probiotic gastrointestinal microbiota of humans and animals that confer health-promoting and protective effects.

The context of bla gene in Iraqi carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates belonging to global clone 1 and global clone 2.

Background And Objectives: Of the genes conferring resistance to carbapenems in Acinetobacter baumannii, the bla gene is the most widely found across the world. The gene carrying bla transposons in A. baumannii isolates of global clones GC1 and GC2 is found worldwide.

Evaluating the efficiency of ELISA, monoplex and multiplex probe-based real-time reverse-transcription PCR assays in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and influenza A and B viruses: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: The current study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay and monoplex and multiplex real-time reverse-transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) in the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza A and B viruses (Flu A and Flu B).

Methods: The SARS-CoV-2 -specific IgG and IgM antibodies, as well as, Flu A (H1N1 and H3N2 serotypes) and Flu B virus antibodies were determined by ELISA assay. The one-step qRT-PCR method was used to detect the SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab samples.

Intestinal Colonization by , , and among Commensal in the Urban Areas of Tehran, Iran.

Background: () population plays a significant role in the spread of numerous diseases in urban environments. The present study is aimed at investigating the presence of (), , (), toxigenic, and in captured from urban areas of Tehran, Iran.

Methods: From October 2021 to October 2022, 100 urban rats were trapped in 5 different districts of Tehran, Iran.

Comparative analysis of genes expression involved in type II toxin-antitoxin system in Staphylococcus aureus following persister cell formation.

Background: The formation of persister cells is the main reason for persistent infections. They are associated with antibiotic treatment failure and subsequently chronic infection. The study aimed to assess the expression of type II toxin/antitoxin (TA) system genes in persister cells of Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of the following antibiotics vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin in exponential and stationary phases.

Serotype Distribution and Multi Locus Sequence Type (MLST) of Erythromycin-Resistant Isolates in Tehran, Iran.

Background: The number of erythromycin-resistant has significantly increased around the world. The present study aimed to determine the serotype distribution and molecular epidemiology of the erythromycin-resistant (ERSP) isolated from patients with invasive disease.

Methods: A total of 44 isolates were tested for susceptibility to several antimicrobial agents.

Detection of , spp. and spp. in captured from Tehran, Iran.

The present study aims to determine the presence of spp., , pathogen, , spp., spp.

Glucomannan enhanced the macrophage activity in exposure to methicillin-resistant (MRSA): study.

Background And Objectives: The increasing number of methicillin-resistant persuade the need for preventive measures. Glucomannan is a polysaccharide choice for developing immunological strategies. This study aimed to investigate changes in gene expression and phagocytic activity of macrophage cells in the presence of glucomannan.

Evaluation of Genotypes in Endocervical Specimens by Sequence Analysis of ompA Gene among Women in Tehran.

Tehran's actual prevalence of (CT) and its genotypes are still unclear. Molecular typing of CT strains can provide essential epidemiological knowledge and contribute to improved control measures. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of CT and its genotypes in the endocervical infections of females who attended the gynecology and infertility clinics in Tehran.

Reverse vaccinology approaches to introduce promising immunogenic and drug targets against antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Thinking outside the box in current prevention and treatment.

Gonorrhea is an urgent antimicrobial resistance threat and its therapeutic options are continuously getting restricted. Moreover, no vaccine has been approved against it so far. Hence, the present study aimed to introduce novel immunogenic and drug targets against antibiotic-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains.

Multilocus VNTR analysis-ompA typing of Chlamydia trachomatis isolates in Tehran, Iran.

Introduction: This study is the first to describe the genetic diversity of C. trachomatis strains derived from patients with signs and symptoms of genitourinary infections admitted to Tehran health centers and hospitals using the high-resolution genotyping method, multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis with ompA sequencing (MLVA)-ompA.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-seven urogenital specimens were collected from October 2019 to July 2020.

Development of a High Sensitive Multiplex Lateral Flow Immunoassay (LFIA) System for Rapid Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA).

Background: Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has become a worldwide concern as an epidemic bacterium and a cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. One of the major problems in the prevention and treatment of infections caused by MRSA strains is their multi-drug resistant trait, which causes the spread of infections and increases the mortality rate. Therefore, a rapid and accurate method is needed to identify MRSA strains, initiate appropriate antibiotic therapy, and control its infection.

Alteration of the Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell in Crohn's Disease Patients after Following up.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) has a chronic course, which its recurrence varies widely among different patients. In this study we prospectively analyzed blood samples of 19 CD patients. Alteration in transcription of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines was analyzed compared with household members after three month follow up.

A novel shiga based immunotoxin against Fn-14 receptor on colorectal and lung cancer.

Immunotoxins are regarded as a type of targeted therapy for killing cells by highly potent bacterial, fungal or plant toxins. Shiga like toxins (SLTs) are a group of bacterial AB5 protein toxins that inhibit host cell protein synthesis through the removal of a single adenine residue from the 28S rRNA and lead to apoptosis. Here, we described the design and usage of a Stx-based immunotoxin that can induce the selective cytotoxicity and apoptosis in Fn-14-positive cells related to the colon and lung cancer.

Preparation of Photocatalytic TiO-Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Filtration of Airborne Microorganisms.

Background: We aimed to investigate the efficiency of neat polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers and photocatalytic PAN/TiO2 nanofibers for removal of airborne microorganisms.

Methods: Nanofibers were fabricated from 16 wt% of PAN dissolved in dimethyl formamide through the electrospinning technique. The efficiency of media for removal of and was investigated at different conditions such as face velocity, relative humidity, air temperature and UVC radiation intensity.

The effects of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Ureaplasma urealyticum loads on semen quality: Detection and quantitative analysis.

Background: The loads of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), and Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) may impact infertility, as well as cause risk of transmission. The quality and quantity of semen demonstrate male reproductive health. This study aimed to investigate the semen quality affected by CT, MH, and UU loads.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and molecular characterization of in Tehran, Iran.

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection occurring worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance in and associated molecular epidemiological studies are crucial to ascertain the spread of antibiotic-resistant and developing the local treatment guidelines. This study was performed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and molecular epidemiology of isolates in Tehran, Iran.

The Sensitivity and Specificity of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and PCR Methods in Detection of Foodborne Microorganisms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method is frequently used for identifying many microorganisms. The present review aimed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of LAMP method for detection of food-borne bacteria and to compare these features with those of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), as an alternative molecular diagnostic procedure, and with cultivation method, as the gold standard method.

Methods: The literature was searched in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE) for recruiting publications within Jan 2000 to Jul 2021.

Investigation of novel putative immunogenic targets against Staphylococcus aureus using a reverse vaccinology strategy.

Background: The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) strains is a significant public health concern. Considering the high morbidity and mortality of invasive S.

Expression of type II toxin-antitoxin systems and ClpP protease of methicillin-resistant under thermal and oxidative stress conditions.

Background And Objectives: is a main human pathogen that causes a variety of chronic to persistent infections. Across the diverse factors of pathogenesis in bacteria, Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems can be considered as an anti-bacterial target due to their involvement in cellular physiology counting stress responses. Here, the expression of TA system genes and ClpP protease was investigated under the thermal and oxidative conditions in strains.

Antibiotic tolerance in biofilm persister cells of Staphylococcus aureus and expression of toxin-antitoxin system genes.

The ability of Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilm and persister cells is the main cause of recurrent infections. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems in persister cells within S. aureus biofilms.

Detection and distribution of zoonotic pathogens in wild Norway rats () from Tehran, Iran.

This is the first study on the prevalence of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens found in () in urban areas of Tehran, Iran. Serological tests were used to detect IgG antibodies against () and spp. using a commercial qualitative rat ELISA kit.

Evaluation of anti-biofilm potential of biosurfactant extracted from species.

Introduction: Bacterial natural products such as biosurfactants and surface-active agents are important compounds which exhibit many applications in the fields of medicine.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to isolate and identify Nocardia strains with high biosurfactant production and antibiofilm ability.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, a biosurfactant producing Nocardia species was isolated and identified by a laboratory method.