Clinical characterisation and outcomes of human clade IIb mpox virus disease - a European multicentre observational cohort study (MOSAIC).

Background: The global mpox outbreak which started in May 2022 was caused by a novel clade IIb variant of the mpox virus (MPXV). It differed from the traditional Western and Central Africa disease in transmission patterns and clinical presentation.

Methods: To address the need for detailed clinical and virologic data, we conducted an observational cohort study (MOSAIC) during May 2022-July 2023 in individuals with confirmed MPXV infection enrolled in six European Countries.

Changes in NNRTI use have not altered the ecology of NNRTI resistance over the last 10 years in people with HIV experiencing virological failure on antiretroviral drugs.

Background: We aimed to determine how non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance profiles have changed over the last decade in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) experiencing virological failure on all antiretroviral treatments, including different NNRTIs.

Materials And Methods: We analysed the use of the different NNRTIs in PLWHIV treated with antiretroviral drugs at an academic centre and the HIV NNRTI resistance profiles observed in cases of virological failure over the last 10 years (2014-23). We used the latest ANRS-MIE algorithm (v33; https://hivfrenchresistance.

Clearance of archived integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance mutations in people with virologically suppressed HIV infection.

Introduction: We assessed the kinetics of the clearance of integrase strand transfer inhibitors resistance mutations (INSTIs-RMs) and associated factors from people living with HIV (PWH) displaying suppressed viral replication after virological failure (VF) on an INSTI regimen.

Patients And Methods: We included PWH with HIV-RNA viral loads ≤20 copies/mL for at least 5 years in whom INSTIs-RM had been identified at least once in a prior RNA resistance genotyping test. HIV DNAs were sequenced by Sanger sequencing (SS) and ultra-deep sequencing (UDS; detection threshold: 5%) every year over the preceding 5 years.

Clinical relevance and prognostic impact of the classification between multibacillary and paucibacillary forms of cutaneous tuberculosis: A 24-year retrospective multicenter study.

Objectives: Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) may be over-diagnosed due to imprecise diagnostic criteria or overlooked where mycobacterial investigations are negative. We evaluated the distinction between multibacillary and paucibacillary forms of CTB, as well as drug resistance and cure rates according to the results of mycobacterial investigations.

Methods: We included retrospectively all patients diagnosed with CTB from 1995 to 2018 in two hospitals in Paris.

A case series of intermittent nucleoside analogue-based (NA) regimen to maintain HBV virological suppression in coinfected HBV/HIV patients with suppressed viremia.

Objective: To describe the efficacy of intermittent nucleoside analogue-based (NA) regimen to maintain HBV virological suppression in HBV/HIV-1 patients.

Methods: Conducted between 2014 and 2023, this observational retrospective study included all HBV (positive AgHbs)/HIV-1 coinfected patients with HIV RNA ≤ 50 cp/mL and HBV DNA ≤ 25 UI/mL who were switched to an intermittent (<7/7 days(D)) TDF or TAF-containing antiretroviral (ART) regimen. The primary outcome was the HBV virological success rate (SR) (proportion of patients with HBV pVL < 25 UI/mL) at W48.

Humoral response after mRNA COVID-19 primary vaccination and single booster dose in people living with HIV compared to controls: A French nationwide multicenter cohort study-ANRS0001s COV-POPART.

Background: This study aimed to compare the humoral responses to mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in people living with HIV (PWH) and HIV-negative individuals.

Methods: We included PWH with an undetectable viral load under ART and HIV-negative participants from the French nationwide ANRS COV-POPART cohort who had received two doses of vaccine as a primary vaccination. We compared humoral response between controls and PWH, stratified by CD4 cell count (<200/mm and ≥200/mm CD4 cell counts) at 1, 6, and 12 months after primary vaccination.

The RT M184V resistance mutation clearance in the reservoir is mainly related to CD4 nadir and viral load zenith independently of therapeutic regimen type.

Objectives: Resistance associated mutations (RAMs) are archived in the HIV reservoir and can re-emerge with an inappropriate ART use limiting treatment options. However, recent studies, using ultra-deep sequencing (UDS), showed a decrease of quasispecies harbouring RAMs, suggesting that recycling some antiretrovirals could be considered. The aim of this study was to characterize, in HIV treated PLWHIV, the M184V mutation decrease kinetics in proviral DNA and associated factors of M184V mutation clearance over time.

Whole blood transcriptome signature predicts severe forms of COVID-19: Results from the COVIDeF cohort study.

COVID-19 is associated with heterogeneous outcome. Early identification of a severe progression of the disease is essential to properly manage the patients and improve their outcome. Biomarkers reflecting an increased inflammatory response, as well as individual features including advanced age, male gender, and pre-existing comorbidities, are risk factors of severe COVID-19.

COVID-19 early curative treatments in kidney transplant recipients: is it really reasonable at the Omicron era?

Objective: Data about efficacy and safety of the latest COVID-19 treatments as nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (n/r) or Sotrovimab is scarce in solid organ transplant recipients in the Omicron era. This study aims at describing the outcome of kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) presenting Omicron infection according to their management: n/r, sotrovimab or no specific treatment.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a monocentric, retrospective observational study, including KTRs diagnosed Omicron infection between January and May 1st 2022 and compared their outcome (primary outcome defined as hospital admission for COVID-19 within a month after symptoms onset) according to early COVID-19 management.

Is vaccine response to SARS-CoV-2 preserved after switching to anti-CD20 therapies in patients with multiple sclerosis or related disorders?

Background: Although vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is recommended prior to introducing anti-CD20 therapies, limited data are available regarding the evolution of post-vaccinal immunity.

Methods: This retrospective study compared anti-Spike antibody titres at 6 and 12 months from SARS-CoV-2 vaccination between patients vaccinated before switching to anti-CD20 ('Switch') and two control groups: (1) patients vaccinated under disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) other than fingolimod and anti-CD20 ('Other DMTs'); (2) patients vaccinated on anti-CD20 ('Anti-CD20'). Anti-Spike-specific T-cell responses were compared between 'Switch' and 'Anti-CD20' groups.

Factors Associated With Genotypic Resistance and Outcome Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients With Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection.

Genotypically resistant cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with increased morbi-mortality. We herein aimed at understanding the factors that predict CMV genotypic resistance in refractory infections and disease in the SOTR (Solid Organ Transplant Recipients) population, and the factors associated with outcomes. We included all SOTRs who were tested for CMV genotypic resistance for CMV refractory infection/disease over ten years in two centers.