Valorization of agitated thin film dryer (ATFD)-mixed-salt from textile wastewater for its application in leather manufacturing - a sustainable approach.

The textile industry uses sodium chloride and sodium sulphate during the dyeing process to improve the fixation of dyes on fabrics. After wastewater treatment, the reject stream is dried resulting in mixed salts as solid wastes that are not reused. The leather industry also uses a vast quantity of salt for temporary preservation of skins/hides and as swelling-suppressing agent during the pickling (acidification) process.

Discerning the catalytic treatment of cationic dye wastewater in photoreactor comprising ternary (Co/Co)-embedded SnO/ZnFeO composite sensitive toward ultra-violet illumination.

Herein, magnetic (Co/Co)-integrated SnO, SnO/ZnFeO, and ZnFeO composites have been prepared from triply distilled water and 30% of isopropanol in the water medium. The phase evolution, microstructure, and magnetism were investigated successfully and tested for cationic dye wastewater degradation containing Rhodamine 6G and Methylene Blue under ultra-violet irradiation. Composite spheres are attributed to efficient heterojunction interfaces between ZnFeO and SnO semiconductors with the support of (Co/Co) nanoparticles.

Effect of co-culturing bacteria and microalgae and influence of inoculum ratio during the biological treatment of tannery wastewater.

This present investigation is carried out to study the effect of algal and bacterial inoculum concentrations on the removal of organic pollutants and nutrients from the tannery effluent by the combined symbiotic treatment process. The bacterial and microalgal consortia was developed in laboratory setup and mixed together to perform this study. The Influence of algae and bacteria inoculum concentrations on the removal of pollutants such as Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) were studied using statistical optimization through Response surface methodology.

Combined application of microbes immobilized carbon reactor and the reactive struvite system for the management of tannery deliming wastewater.

This present study investigated the removal of COD and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH-N) from tannery deliming wastewater (TDLWW) through microbes immobilized carbon consisted a bioreactor (MICCR) and reactive struvite crystallization process. Initially, 90% of the organic content of TDLWW was removed using a MICCR reactor at 24 h retention time. Nanoporous carbon (NPC) was used as the carrier matrix for the MICCR reactor.

A novel protease-immobilized carbon catalyst for the effective fragmentation of proteins in high-TDS wastewater generated in tanneries: Spectral and electrochemical studies.

The aim of this study was to degrade proteins in high-total dissolved solids (TDS)-containing wastewater produced during the soaking process in tanneries (tannery-TDS wastewater) using a halotolerant protease-assisted nanoporous carbon catalyst (STPNPAC). A halotolerant protease was obtained from the halophile, Lysinibacillus macroides, using animal fleshing as the substrate. The protease was immobilized using ethylene diamine (EDA)/glutaraldehyde functionalized nanoporous activated carbon (EGNPAC).

Removal of Fat Components in High TDS Leather Wastewater by Saline-Tolerant Lipase-Assisted Nanoporous-Activated Carbon.

The present investigation was carried out for the degradation of fatty components in high TDS containing wastewater (soak liquor) discharged from leather industry, and the degradation was achieved by saline-tolerant lipase-immobilized functionalized nanoporous-activated carbon (STLNPAC). The lipase was extracted from the halophilic organism, Bacillus cereus. The optimum conditions for lipase production such as time, 60 h; temperature, 50 °C; pH, 10; and substrate concentration, 2.