Referral Patterns for Infertile Men: Predictors of Continued Treatment by Reproductive Endocrinologist versus Referral to a Nearby Urologist.

Introduction: We evaluated fertility clinic management of male factor infertility, including patient education and referral for urological evaluation and care.

Methods: Using 2015-2018 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fertility Clinic Success Rates Reports, 480 operative fertility clinics in the United States were identified. Clinic websites were systematically reviewed for content regarding male infertility.

Access to Care for Infertile Men: Referral Patterns of Fertility Clinics in the United States.

Objective: To evaluate fertility clinic management of male factor infertility, including website educational content as well as factors associated with referral for urologic evaluation and care.

Materials And Methods: Using 2015-2018 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fertility Clinic Success Rates Reports, 480 operative fertility clinics in the United States were identified. Clinic websites were systematically reviewed for content regarding male infertility.

Paget--Schroetter's syndrome.

Primary thrombosis of the subclavian axillary veins is known as Paget-Schroetter's syndrome. A 35 year old male with classical features of this syndrome is being reported. Antecubital venogram showed bilateral subclavian thrombosis.

Lactic acidosis and hypoglycemia: experimental evidence to show lactate prevents insulin induced seizures in rats.

A 52-year-old man with lactic acidosis and severe hypoglycemia was fully conscious and alert with a blood sugar of 8 mgs%. We believe normal level of consciousness was maintained due to the presence of hyperlactatemia. We show experimental evidence to suggest that lactate prevents the development of insulin-induced seizures in rats.

Nuclear medicine procedures in diagnosis of pulmonary diseases.

Nuclear medicine studies make it possible to identify areas within the lung where ventilation/perfusion changes have occurred, and allow precise quantification of the regional distribution of ventilation and perfusion.

Splenic blood pool: occasional hindrance of accurate interpretation of renal dynamic scintigrams.

Because of the proximity of the spleen to the left kidney, the splenic blood pool occasionally interferes with the interpretation of the renal flow images. A review of one hundred consecutive renal dynamic studies revealed some interference in 34 per cent of the studies. The distinction between splenic blood pool and the left kidney can be made on the static images, for the renal studies.

Atypical unilateral acute pyelonephritis initially diagnosed by scinti-studies.

A patient with vague and atypical symptoms is described in whom the radionuclide dynamic and static imaging studies proved to be more useful than a preceding excretory urogram for the diagnosis of unilateral pyelonephritis.

False positive 125I fibrinogen test.

125I fibrinogen test was performed in 20 selected patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of deep venous thrombosis. The incidence of a false positive study was found to be very high: 90%. An increased accumulation of fibrinogen was noted over recent, well-healed surgical incisions, diffuse or focal inflammatory sites, hematoma and also, following a venogram or arthrogram test.

Gallium-67 citrate in cerebral infarction.

Cerebral scans were obtained on 30 "stroke" patients first with 99mTc pertechnetate and subsequently with 67Ga citrate. Of the 26 patients with abnormal 99mTc static scans, 17 (65%) showed the same abnormality in gallium citrate scans also. In 4 patients with positive technetium flow studies but negative static scans, no abnormality was seen in the scans obtained after gallium citrate injection.