Embracing Reablement as an Essential Support Approach for Dementia Care in the 21 Century: A Position Paper.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the right of individuals with dementia and their family caregivers to access interventions that enhance their participation in society. Reablement is an approach that enables older people to participate in meaningful daily and social activities. Over the past decade, a growing body of evidence has underscored reablement as a promising approach within dementia care, including positive outcomes for people with dementia and their family caregivers, and cost-effectiveness.

Impact of expected blood pressure reduction on patient preferences for pharmaceutical and renal denervation treatment.

Background: Effective patient-centered care requires an adequate understanding of patient preferences for different therapeutic options. We modelled patient preference for blood pressure (BP) management by pharmaceutical or interventional treatments such as renal denervation in patients with different profiles of uncontrolled hypertension.

Methods: Modeling was based on the findings from a previously conducted quantitative discrete choice experiment (DCE).

Dopamine mediates a directionally opposite correlation between empathy and the reinforcing effects of amphetamine and gambling in people with gambling disorder vs. healthy controls.

Understanding the relationship between empathy, subjective effects of addictive reinforcers and dopamine function in people with gambling disorder (PGD) vs. healthy controls (HCs) may inform GD treatment. The current investigation addressed this issue via retrospective analysis of data from three studies using amphetamine and a slot machine (SLOTS) as reinforcers in PGD and HCs.

Re/connecting with "home": a mixed methods study of service provider and patient perspectives to facilitate implementing rehabilitation in the home for reconditioning.

Purpose: To explore the views of healthcare professionals and patients about the advantages and disadvantages of rehabilitation in the home (RITH) for reconditioning, and identify factors that should contribute to the successful implementation of a consensus-based RITH model for reconditioning.

Materials And Methods: Interviews with 24 healthcare professionals and 21 surveys (comprising Likert scale and free text responses) of inpatients undergoing rehabilitation for reconditioning provided study data. Interpretive thematic analysis was used to analyse interview data; descriptive statistics analysed Likert scale responses; patient written responses assisted with the interpretation of themes developed from the interview data.

Implementing Arts on Prescription at Home for People Living With Dementia: A Hybrid-Effectiveness Feasibility Study.

Arts on prescription at home (AoP@Home) is a participatory art-based approach involving a professional artist engaging a person with dementia (and their family carer) in art-making in their own home. This study evaluated the implementation of AoP@Home within a real-world community aged care context. A hybrid effectiveness-implementation design was used to simultaneously test both the AoP@Home intervention and the implementation process.

Implementation of an Arts at Home program for people living with dementia: Learnings from key stakeholders.

Issue Addressed: This study explores experiences of people with dementia and family carers who participated in an Arts on Prescription at Home (AoP@Home) program, artists who delivered the AoP@Home program and the managers who coordinated the AoP@Home programs.

Methods: Semi structured interviews were conducted with the three stakeholder groups to explore experiences around implementation of AoP@Home. Interview questions were specific to each stakeholder group, and designed to capture the varied experiences around coordinating, delivering and participating in AoP@Home programs when delivered as a standard service offering.

Preferences of healthcare providers in Switzerland for attributes of pediatric hexavalent vaccines: a discrete-choice experiment.

Objective: To understand the preferences of healthcare providers (HCPs) in Switzerland for pediatric hexavalent vaccine attributes.

Methods: A discrete-choice experiment included a series of choices between 2 hypothetical pediatric hexavalent vaccines with varying attributes: device type (including preparation time and risk of dosage errors), proportion of infants seroprotected against type b (Hib) at 11-12 months (pre-booster), packaging size, years on the market, and the thermostability at room temperature. Odds ratios (ORs) and conditional relative attribute importance (CRAI) were calculated using random-parameters logit.

Specialised residential care for older people subject to homelessness: experiences of residents and staff of a new aged care home in Australia.

Background: The number of older people experiencing homelessness in Australia is rising, yet there is a lack of specialised residential care for older people subject to homelessness with high care and palliative needs. To address this significant gap, a purpose-built care home was recently opened in Sydney, Australia.

Methods: This qualitative study explores the experiences of both residents and staff who were living and working in the home over the first twelve months since its opening.

Cost modelling rehabilitation in the home for reconditioning in the Australian context.

Background: Inpatient rehabilitation services are challenged by increasing demand. Where appropriate, a shift in service models towards more community-oriented approaches may improve efficiency. We aimed to estimate the hypothetical cost of delivering a consensus-based rehabilitation in the home (RITH) model as hospital substitution for patients requiring reconditioning following medical illness, surgery or treatment for cancer, compared to the cost of inpatient rehabilitation.

A possible shared underlying mechanism among involuntary autobiographical memory and déjà vu.

We propose that IAM and déjà vu may not share a placement on the same gradient, per se, but the mechanism of , and a major differentiating factor between the two metacognitive experiences is whether the resulting inward directed search of memory yields retrieved content or not. Déjà vu may manifest when contentless familiarity detection is inexplicable by the experiencer.

Being Present and Meaningful Engagement for Aged Care Residents Living With Dementia: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Australian Care Worker's Experiences.

Background And Objectives: Meaningful engagement is essential for aged care residents living with dementia. Our knowledge pertaining to caring presence for residents living with dementia is limited. This study aims to understand care workers' experiences of providing care to residents, the challenges they face in being present with residents and support that enable them to be more present and provide person-centered care.

Treatment preferences among patients with mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis.

New treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) are emerging; however, little is known about the treatment preferences of patients with mild-to-moderate AD. To measure patients' preferences, a cross-sectional, web-based discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was developed and administered to 300 adults in the United States with a self-reported physician diagnosis of mild-to-moderate AD. In the DCE, respondents evaluated pairs of hypothetical AD treatment profiles defined by efficacy, risk, and mode and frequency of administration attributes.

Staff perspectives on end-of-life care for people living with dementia in residential aged care homes: qualitative study.

Introduction: People living with dementia in care homes can benefit from palliative approaches to care; however, not all will require specialist palliative care. The generalist aged care workforce is well placed to provide most of this care with adequate training and support systems in place, but little is known about their experiences.

Objective: To describe staff perspectives on providing quality end-of-life care for people living with dementia in residential care and their families.

Development of a novel shared decision making aid for primary immunodeficiency diseases.

To describe development of a shared decision making (SDM) aid in treating primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID) with immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT). Expert engagement and qualitative formative research informed development. IGRT administration features were prioritized using object-case best-worst scaling (BWS) methodology.

Adaptation of the WOMAC for Use in a Patient Preference Study.

Objectives: To adapt a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure, the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), into efficacy attributes for a discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey designed to quantify the relative importance of endpoints commonly used in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) trials.

Methods: The adaptation comprised four steps: (1) selecting domains of interest; (2) determining presentation and framing of selected attributes; (3) determining attribute levels; and (4) developing choice tasks. This process involved input from multiple stakeholders, including regulators, health preference researchers, and patients.

Steps to implementation: Understanding barriers and enablers for implementing Arts on Prescription at Home for people impacted by dementia.

Issue Addressed: Arts on Prescription at Home (AoP@Home) involves a professional artist visiting a person with dementia and their informal carer(s) in their own home to engage them in participatory art making. While there is evidence for the use of these programs, more work is needed to facilitate effective implementation. This study explored contextual barriers and enablers to implementation of AoP@Home within a real-world community aged care service.

Developing a model for rehabilitation in the home as hospital substitution for patients requiring reconditioning: a Delphi survey in Australia.

Background: Reconditioning for patients who have experienced functional decline following medical illness, surgery or treatment for cancer accounts for approximately 26% of all reported inpatient rehabilitation episodes in Australia. Rehabilitation in the home (RITH) has the potential to offer a cost-effective, high-quality alternative for appropriate patients, helping to reduce pressure on the acute care sector. This study sought to gain consensus on a model for RITH as hospital substitution for patients requiring reconditioning.

Prevalence of visual impairment in older people living with dementia and its impact: a scoping review.

Background And Objectives: Visual impairment (VI) and dementia both increase with age, and it is likely that many older people are living with both conditions. This scoping review aims to investigate the prevalence and types of VI among older people living with dementia, and the impact of VI on older people living with dementia and their caregivers.

Methods: This scoping review used Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework.

Bridging the gap: Study protocol for development of an implementation strategy for evidence-informed reablement and rehabilitation for community-dwelling people with dementia.

Background: Extensive research supports the use of goal-directed reablement and rehabilitation interventions to address a range of physical, functional, cognitive and behavioural needs of people living with dementia. Despite this, evidence-informed multidisciplinary reablement and rehabilitation interventions are not being offered in usual dementia care across Australia. An examination is needed of how best to implement reablement and rehabilitation interventions within the community-based dementia care sector.

A discrete-choice experiment study of physicians' prioritization of attributes of medical treatments for endometriosis-associated pain.

Background: Physicians' preferences for attributes of medical treatments for endometriosis-associated pain have not previously been quantified.

Methods: US obstetrician-gynecologists completed an online discrete-choice experiment survey. In a series of questions, physicians chose a medical treatment for a hypothetical patient with endometriosis experiencing severe, persistent dysmenorrhea, nonmenstrual pelvic pain, and/or dyspareunia.