Epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features, and outcome of dogs with Ebstein's anomaly: 32 cases (2002-2016).

Introduction/objectives: Ebstein's anomaly (EA) is a congenital heart disease characterized by apical displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets in the right ventricle. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the signalment, clinical features, echocardiographic findings, and outcome of dogs with EA.

Animals, Materials And Methods: Medical records of 40 dogs with EA were reviewed.

HYPERTENSIVE HEART DISEASE AND ENCEPHALOPATHY IN A CENTRAL BEARDED DRAGON () WITH SEVERE ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND FIRST-DEGREE ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.

A 0.5 kg, 5-yr-old male bearded dragon () presented with a 2-mo history of lethargy, anorexia, and impaired locomotion. Upon physical examination, bradyarrhythmia (heart rate: 20 beats/min) and balance disorders were noted.

Clinical, epidemiological and echocardiographic features and prognostic factors in cats with restrictive cardiomyopathy: A retrospective study of 92 cases (2001-2015).

Background: Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a common primary cardiomyopathy of cats. However, little information is available regarding prognostic variables in large populations of cats with RCM.

Objectives: To characterize the epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features of cats with RCM and to document their survival times and risk factors for cardiac death (CD).

Specific features and survival of French bulldogs with congenital pulmonic stenosis: a prospective cohort study of 66 cases.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to characterize the epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features of French bulldogs (FBs) with congenital pulmonic stenosis and document their survival times and risk factors for cardiac death (CD).

Animals: This study included 66 FBs with congenital pulmonic stenosis.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including a survival analysis to assess time to CD.

Quantitative assessment of systolic and diastolic right ventricular function by echocardiography and speckle-tracking imaging: a prospective study in 104 dogs.

Our aim was (1) to determine the within-day and between-day variability of several indices of systolic and diastolic right ventricular (RV) function by using conventional echocardiography and speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) (Study 1), (2) to quantify these variables in a large healthy canine population (n = 104) with Doppler-derived estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP) and left ventricular (LV) function, and (3) to establish the corresponding reference intervals (Study 2). For both studies, RV variables included tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right fractional area change (RFAC), STE longitudinal systolic strain (StS) of the RV free wall (RVFW) and of the entire RV (., global RV StS), STE longitudinal systolic RVFW strain rate (SRS), and the diastolic early:late strain rate ratio.

Aortic dissecting aneurysm associated with systemic arterial hypertension in a cat.

Aortic dissection is characterized by a tear in the aortic wall resulting in blood from the aortic lumen penetrating into the media, which causes dissection. When aortic dissection does not cause rupture, it provokes localized dilation of the aorta or aneurism, also called dissecting aortic aneurism (DAA). This case report describes a DAA in a cat associated with systemic arterial hypertension (SAHT).

Short-Term Efficacy and Safety of Torasemide and Furosemide in 366 Dogs with Degenerative Mitral Valve Disease: The TEST Study.

Background: Furosemide is the only loop diuretic recommended by the ACVIM consensus guidelines for treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) in dogs related to degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). Torasemide is another potent loop diuretic with a longer half-life and a higher bioavailability.

Objectives: (1) To demonstrate that torasemide given once a day (q24h) is noninferior to furosemide given twice a day (q12h) for treating dogs with CHF; (2) and to compare the effect of the 2 drugs on the time to reach a composite cardiac endpoint "spontaneous cardiac death, euthanasia due to heart failure or CHF class worsening.

Intracardiac echocardiography: use during transcatheter device closure of a patent ductus arteriosus in a dog.

Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is used in humans for percutaneous interventional procedures, such as transcatheter device closures. Intracardiac echocardiography provides high-resolution imaging of cardiac structures with two-dimensional, M-mode, Doppler, and also three-dimensional modalities. The present report describes application of ICE during transcatheter occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus using a canine ductal occluder in a dog for which transesophageal echocardiography could not provide an optimal acoustic window.

Assessment of frailty in aged dogs.

OBJECTIVE To define a frailty-related phenotype-a clinical syndrome associated with the aging process in humans-in aged dogs and to investigate its association with time to death. ANIMALS 116 aged guide dogs. PROCEDURES Dogs underwent a clinical geriatric assessment (CGA) and were followed to either time of death or the study cutoff date.

Epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features and survival times of dogs and cats with tetralogy of Fallot: 31 cases (2003-2014).

OBJECTIVE To characterize the epidemiological, clinical, and echocardiographic features of dogs and cats with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and determine their survival times. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 15 dogs and 16 cats with a diagnosis of TOF as determined via echocardiography.

Investigation of risk factors for mortality in aged guide dogs: A retrospective cohort study.

The overall median lifespan of domestic dogs has been estimated to 9-12 years, but little is known about risk factors for mortality in aged and a priori healthy dogs. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to determine which characteristics are associated with mortality in aged and a priori healthy guide dogs, in a retrospective cohort study of 116 guide dogs followed from a systematic geriatric examination at the age of 8-10 years old. A geriatric grid collected the clinical data and usual biological parameters were measured at the time of examination.

Antemortem diagnosis of a left auricular appendage herniation through a partial pericardial defect in a dog with degenerative mitral valve disease.

A 14-year-old neutered male crossbreed dog was presented for weakness, cough and weight loss. Cardiac auscultation revealed tachycardia, arrhythmia and a grade V/VI left apical systolic heart murmur. Thoracic radiographs showed a large homogeneous soft tissue opacity in close contact with the cardiac silhouette in the left cranioventral mediastinum.

PROPOSED SIMPLE METHOD FOR ELECTROCARDIOGRAM RECORDING IN FREE-RANGING ASIAN ELEPHANTS (ELEPHAS MAXIMUS).

Electrocardiography represents a relevant diagnostic tool for detecting cardiac disease in animals. Elephants can present various congenital and acquired cardiovascular diseases. However, few electrophysiologic studies have been reported in captive elephants, mainly due to challenging technical difficulties in obtaining good-quality electrocardiogram (ECG) tracings, and no data are currently available for free-ranging Asian elephants (Elephas maximus).

Surgical Treatment of Cor Triatriatum Sinister in a Cat Under Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

Objective: To report the surgical repair of cor triatriatum sinister (CTS) incorporating heart-beating cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in a cat.

Study Design: Clinical case report.

Animal: Fourteen-month-old, 5.

PREVALENCE OF VALVULAR REGURGITATIONS IN CLINICALLY HEALTHY CAPTIVE LEOPARDS AND CHEETAHS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM THE WILDLIFE CARDIOLOGY (WLC) GROUP (2008-2013).

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate transthoracic echocardiograms from clinically healthy large felids for the presence of valvular regurgitations (VR). Physiologic VR commonly occur in normal dogs and cats, but the percentage of large felids with VR has not been previously reported. During a 5-yr study period (2008-2013), 28 healthy animals were evaluated under general anesthesia: 16 cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus soemmeringuii) with a mean age of 1.

Cardiovascular-renal axis disorders in the domestic dog and cat: a veterinary consensus statement.

Objectives: There is a growing understanding of the complexity of interplay between renal and cardiovascular systems in both health and disease. The medical profession has adopted the term "cardiorenal syndrome" (CRS) to describe the pathophysiological relationship between the kidney and heart in disease. CRS has yet to be formally defined and described by the veterinary profession and its existence and importance in dogs and cats warrant investigation.

Signalment, clinical features, echocardiographic findings, and outcome of dogs and cats with ventricular septal defects: 109 cases (1992-2013).

Objective: To determine the signalment, clinical features, echocardiographic findings, and outcome of dogs and cats with ventricular septal defects (VSDs).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 56 dogs and 53 cats with VSDs.

Basal plasma concentrations of routine variables and packed cell volume in clinically healthy adult small-sized dogs: effect of breed, body weight, age, and gender, and establishment of reference intervals.

Background: Plasma variables may be affected by breed or body weight (BW). Small-sized dogs are very common, but no specific reference intervals (RI) are used.

Objectives: The primary objective of this prospective study was to assess the potential effect of breed, BW, age, and sex on routine plasma analytes and packed cell volume (PCV) in small-sized dogs.

Echocardiography and conventional Doppler examination in clinically healthy adult Cavalier King Charles Spaniels: effect of body weight, age, and gender, and establishment of reference intervals.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were (1) to assess the potential effect of body weight (BW), age, and gender on the most commonly used echocardiographic and conventional Doppler variables in a large population of healthy Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS), and (2) to establish the corresponding reference intervals (RI).

Animals: 134 healthy adult CKCS.

Methods: Ultrasound examinations were performed by trained observers in awake dogs.

Influence of the observer's level of experience on systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure measurements using Doppler ultrasonography in healthy conscious cats.

The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the observer's level of experience on within- and between-day variability, and the percentage of successful systolic (SAP) and diastolic arterial blood pressure (DAP) measurements obtained by Doppler ultrasonography (DU) in awake cats. For this purpose, six healthy conscious cats were used and four observers with different levels of training performed 144 SAP and DAP measurements on 4 days using DU. Measurements were recorded five consecutive times, and mean values were used for statistical analysis.

Basal plasma concentrations of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in clinically healthy adult small size dogs: effect of body weight, age, gender and breed, and reference intervals.

Plasma NT-proBNP has previously been evaluated in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (DMVD). However, reference intervals (RI) established according to the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations have never been provided. The objectives of this prospective study were to assess effects of breed, body weight, age, and sex on plasma NT-proBNP, and to establish RI according to CLSI for this biomarker in a large population of dogs predisposed to DMVD.

Systolic arterial blood pressure in small-breed dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease: a prospective study of 103 cases (2007-2012).

The objective of this prospective observational study was to assess systolic arterial blood pressure (SABP) in small-breed dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease (MVD) from different International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council (ISACHC) heart failure classes. For this purpose, 103 client-owned dogs weighing <20 kg (mean ± standard deviation, 8.5 ± 3.