Prime Movers: Effects of Subliminal Primes, Music, and Music Video on Psychological Responses to Exercise.

Background: Priming is a process in which exposure to a stimulus activates relevant mental representations that are given increased weight in subsequent judgment tasks. Affective primes can influence affective evaluations and associations. Such influence has meaningful implications for the promotion of exercise behavior, yet there is scant research on priming effects in exercise settings.

Psychological and Psychophysiological Effects of Recuperative Music Postexercise.

Purpose: Few studies have examined the psychological and psychophysiological effects of recuperative music after exhaustive exercise. The main purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of two music conditions compared with a no-music control on psychological and psychophysiological recovery processes after exercise.

Methods: A randomized, fully counterbalanced, crossover design was used.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulates attachment of small cell lung carcinoma to endothelial cells.

Tumor cell attachment to endothelial cells (ECs) is an important step in the metastasis of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulation of ECs increases the attachment of some malignant cell types to ECs by affecting the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Similarly, the inhibition of EC protein kinase C (PKC) and tyrosine kinase (TK) pathways modulates TNF-alpha-mediated effects on CAM expression.

Pneumocystis carinii interactions with respiratory epithelium.

Ultrastructural studies indicate that the attachment of Pneumocystis carinii to alveolar epithelial cells is a central feature during development of this pneumonia. P. carinii attaches preferentially to type I alveolar epithelial cells, and rarely binds to type II cells.

Pneumocystis carinii induces interleukin 6 production by an alveolar epithelial cell line.

Background: Pneumocystis carinii (PC) infection often results in severe pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Attachment of PC organisms to alveolar epithelial cells is a hallmark of PC pneumonia; however, few studies have investigated the response of alveolar epithelial cells to PC infection.

Methods: Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that is produced by alveolar epithelial cells in response to a variety of stimuli.

Gamma-interferon inhibits Pneumocystis carinii attachment to lung cells by decreasing expression of lung cell-surface integrins.

Pneumocystis carinii (PC) is a leading cause of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Previous work has shown that fibronectin (Fn) and Fn-binding integrins mediate PC attachment to lung cells in vitro. Gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) is a major factor in host defence against PC infection.

P-selectin-mediated attachment of small cell lung carcinoma to endothelial cells.

Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) frequently metastasizes early in the course of the disease. P-selectin (P-sel), a cell adhesion molecule expressed on activated platelets and endothelial cells (EC), has previously been demonstrated to mediate binding of platelets to SCLC. We hypothesized that P-sel facilitates attachment of SCLC to EC, acting as an important factor in SCLC metastasis.

Attachment of Pneumocystis carinii to primary cultures of rat alveolar epithelial cells.

Pneumocystis carinii (PC) is an exclusively extracellular pathogen which causes pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. Histologic studies have demonstrated that PC organisms attach preferentially to type I alveolar epithelial cells and rarely bind to type II cells. Previous reports have demonstrated that cultured type II cells develop a type I cell-like phenotype and express type I cell surface antigens.

Pneumocystis carinii attachment increases expression of fibronectin-binding integrins on cultured lung cells.

Pneumocystis carinii is an extracellular pathogen which requires attachment to alveolar epithelial cells for growth and replication. Previous studies have demonstrated that the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (Fn) facilitates attachment of P. carinii to lung cells.

17 beta-Estradiol inhibits expression of human interleukin-6 promoter-reporter constructs by a receptor-dependent mechanism.

We previously reported that 17 beta-estradiol inhibits cytokine-stimulated bioassayable IL-6 and the steady-state level of IL-6 mRNA. To determine the molecular basis of this effect, the transient expression of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter plasmid driven by the human IL-6 promoter was studied here in HeLa or murine bone marrow stromal cells (MBA 13.2).

Evidence for Pneumocystis carinii binding to a cell-free substrate: role of the adhesive protein fibronectin.

Attachment of Pneumocystis carinii organisms to the alveolar epithelium is probably a prerequisite for the initiation of P. carinii infection. Previous studies have demonstrated a role for the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin in mediating attachment of P.

Modulation of Pneumocystis carinii adherence to cultured lung cells by a mannose-dependent mechanism.

Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic parasite that attaches to the alveolar epithelium during the initiation of pneumonia. It is unknown whether P. carinii recognizes specific receptors on the surface of lung cells.

Pneumocystis carinii attachment to cultured lung cells by pneumocystis gp 120, a fibronectin binding protein.

Pneumocystis carinii is an extracellular organism which is thought to require attachment to alveolar epithelial cells for its growth and replication in humans. Fibronectin (Fn) binding to P. carinii is essential for optimal P.

Mechanism of Pneumocystis carinii attachment to cultured rat alveolar macrophages.

Pneumocystis carinii (PC) pneumonia begins as an intra-alveolar process resulting in injury to the alveolar epithelium with subsequent invasion of the lung interstitium. The clearance of PC organisms from the alveolar space is a critical function of alveolar macrophages (AM), the resident alveolar phagocytic cells. In this study the mechanism of PC attachment to AM was determined using 51Cr-labeled organisms, with PC attachment reaching a maximum of 18.

Role of fibronectin in Pneumocystis carinii attachment to cultured lung cells.

Attachment of pathogens to host cells is a prerequisite for the development of many infections. Pneumocystis carinii (PC) pneumonia is characterized by attachment of PC trophozoites to the alveolar epithelium. The mechanism of this process is unknown.

Multiple-dose ciprofloxacin kinetics in normal subjects.

To determine multiple-dose kinetics of the quinoline carboxylic acid derivative ciprofloxacin, we gave 12 normal subjects ciprofloxacin, 250 mg by mouth every 12 hr for 13 doses. Plasma concentrations were measured by HPLC after the first, seventh, and thirteenth doses. Peak and trough plasma concentrations were measured daily.

Fluoxetine kinetics and protein binding in normal and impaired renal function.

The effect of decreased renal function on the disposition and elimination of the nontricyclic antidepressant fluoxetine was examined in 25 adult male subjects after a single 40-mg oral dose. Blood samples for the measurement of fluoxetine and its active metabolite norfluoxetine were drawn 13 times in the first 48 hr after dosing and thrice weekly thereafter for 4 wk. All urine was collected in daily aliquots for 4 wk and was assayed for fluoxetine and norfluoxetine concentrations.

Aminoglycoside accumulation kinetics in rat renal parenchyma.

To test the hypotheses that the renal parenchymal accumulation kinetics of aminoglycosides can predict nephrotoxicity, we measured renal parenchymal concentrations in rats receiving gentamicin and tobramycin. In addition to comparing the drugs as single daily injections, we also examined the effect of multiple doses versus a single daily dose. Gentamicin accumulated to much greater concentrations in the kidney than did tobramycin.