[FEATURES OF FORMATION OF BACTERIAL BIOFILMS IN CONDITIONS OF SPACE FLIGHT].

Aim: Study the effect of microgravitation on the formation of Lactobacillusplantarum 8PA-3 bacterial biofilms in the conditions of space flight.

Materials And Methods: Information on the ef- fect of microgravitation on the development of biofilms was obtained during study of L. plantarum 8PA-3 probiotic lactobacilli in special equipment in the process of execution of space experiments in the Russian segment of the International Space Station.

Application of the skin and bone integrated pylon with titanium oxide nanotubes and seeded with dermal fibroblasts.

Background: Direct skeletal attachment of limb prostheses is associated with high rate of transcutaneous infection and loosening of the fixture in the medullary canal prompting for careful assessment of various means for enhancing the skin-device and bone-device interface. The skin and bone integrated pylon system constitutes a technological platform for different modifications being evaluated previously.

Objectives: The current study assessed the combination of nano-treatment skin and bone integrated pylon with its pre-seeding with dermal fibroblasts.

Two-stage implantation of the skin- and bone-integrated pylon seeded with autologous fibroblasts induced into osteoblast differentiation for direct skeletal attachment of limb prostheses.

Angio- and osteogenesis following the two-stage (TS) implantation of the skin- and bone-integrated pylon seeded with autologous fibroblasts was evaluated. Two consecutive animal substudies were undertaken: intramedullary subcutaneous implantation (15 rabbits) and a TS transcutaneous implantation (12 rabbits). We observed enhanced osseointegrative properties of the intramedullary porous component seeded with fibroblasts induced into osteoblast differentiation, as compared to the untreated porous titanium pylon.

[Sorption properties of various polysaccharide matrixes to Lactobacillus plantarum 8RA-3 bacteria].

Aim: Study of sorption properties of various spherical polysaccharide matrixes designated as Spherocell to probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 8RA-3 bacteria.

Materials And Methods: Industrial strain of L. plantarum 8PA-3 was used.

[The cultivation of cells on the porous titanium implants with the different structure].

The data on human dermal fibroblasts and rabbit mesenchymal stromal cells cultivation on porous titanium implants are presented in given paper. Two types of implants were used: type 1--with irregular pores formed by pressed titanium particles and type 2--with regular pores formed by coalescence of one-size titanium particles into implant. The goal of this study was to choose the type of titanium implant porosity which ensures the tightest interaction of titanium implant with surrounding tissue cells after implantation in the body.

[Using of Spherocelle sorbents for construction of immobilized probiotics].

Aim: To assess sorption properties of Spherocelle beads consisting of particles of macroporous celiulose with various charges in relation to bacterial cells of manufacturing probiotic strains from different taxonomic groups.

Materials And Methods: The following manufacturing strains: Bifidobacterium bifidum 1, Lactobacillus plantarum 8PA-3 and Escherichia coli M-17, as well as 3 variants of Spherocelles' matrix: neutral, with positive and negative charges, were used.

Results: Spherocelle globules DEAE with a positive charge of the matrix were successively used for designing of immobilized probiotic preparations.

Cell Cultivation on Porous Titanium Implants with Various Structures.

The paper presents data on the cultivation of human dermal fibroblasts and rabbit mesenchymal stromal cells on two types of porous titanium implants, i.e., those with irregular pores formed by pressed titanium particles and those with regular pores formed by the cohesion of one-size titanium particles inside the implant.

Porous composite prosthetic pylon for integration with skin and bone.

This article presents results of the further development and testing of the "skin and bone integrated pylon" (SBIP-1) for percutaneous (through skin) connection of the residual bone with an external limb prosthesis. We investigated a composite structure (called the SBIP-2) made of titanium particles and fine wires using mathematical modeling and mechanical testing. Results showed that the strength of the pylon was comparable with that of anatomical bone.

Effect of melanins from black yeast fungi on proliferation and differentiation of cultivated human keratinocytes and fibroblasts.

The effects of melanin preparations from black yeast fungi (BYF) on the proliferation and differentiation of normal cultivated human skin keratinocytes and embryonic pulmonary fibroblasts have been investigated. Melanin preparations in the range of 5-0.1 microg/ml were optimally active, with a more pronounced effect on keratinocyte than on fibroblast proliferation.

[Impact of high-energy laser irradiation on pulmonic fibroblast in human embryo].

This impact was attained by medicinal laser application to alexandrite, dye, erbium and gallium arsenid in various conditions on cultures of pulmonic fibroblasts of human embryo. Obtained results were estimated by transmission and scanning microscopy. The highest cell destruction was observed in dye and alexandrite, being less expressed in gallium arsenid under laser irradiation.

Photoprotective activity of melanin preparations in human skin exposed to UV irradiation: dependence on previous photoexposure.

Photoprotective effects of three melanin preparations (from black yeast fungi and Sepia sp.) were studied. These preparations in aqueous solutions (5 g/ml, dark exposure for 7 days) demonstrated high photomodification capacity upon exposure to visible light in doses of up to 1.

[Effect of melanins from black yeast fungi on cultured human cells. II. Differentiation of keratinocytes in vitro].

Data on the influence of the black yeast melanin (3 samples) on the in vitro differentiation of human keratinocytes are presented. The effect of melanins was estimated by the morphological state of keratinocytes using electron microscopy. The obtained differences in the state of the formed multilayer keratinocyte sheets depended on the melanin sample.

Photoprotective activity of melanin preparations from black yeast-like fungus during UV irradiation of human skin: dependence on the concentration.

The effect of melanin solutions on the skin exposed to UV irradiation (1,050 kJ/m(2)) depended on its dose and varied from photoprotection (0.005 mg/ml) to photosensitization and phototoxicity (burn, 0.1 mg/ml).

[The "air pouch" model in mice and a study of the wound fluid proteolytic activity].

The experimental model of a cutaneous wound in mice has been offered, aimed to study the proteolytic activity of the wound fluid produced at early stages of wound healing, and to examine the continuous inflammatory state. The presence of metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the wound fluid matrix was found to correlate with the existence of neutrophils and macrophages in the tissue.

[The cultural characteristics of keratinocytes from newborn rats].

Results of cultivation of newborn rat keratinocytes are presented, differences between growing rat and human keratinocytes in culture being revealed in addition to possibilities of experimental use of these results. It has been shown that a rat keratinocyte layer forms faster than a human one: the former it is thinner and contains twice less layers. The main peculiarity of rat keratinocytes in culture is their ability to grow successfully without feeder cells, while the presence of feeder cells is crucial for human keratinocyte growth in culture.

[Experiments with Bacillus thuringiensis protoplasts. I. Isolation of protoplasts and their reversion to bacillary form].

A method for protoplastization of crystal- and spore-forming Bacillus thuringiensis bacterian and consequent cell wall regeneration on a solid hypertonic medium is presented. Up to 50% of the protoplasts prepared were viable and formed colonies under special conditions; at the same time, less than 0,01% of the cells treated with lysozyme were resistant to the osmotic shock; bacterial autolytic system takes part in protoplasts formation. Electron microscopic studies of protoplasts and cells confirm the fact of cell wall removal and support the proposed mechanism of protoplast formation.

[Experiments with Bacillus thuringiensis protoplasts. II. Study of the potential interspecies fusion of bacterial protoplasts: Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium].

In the present study the possibility of obtaining interspecific bacterial hybrids by polyethylene glycol-assisted fusion of protoplasts from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bac. megaterium has been examined. Electron microscopic and genetic data allow to confirm with great probability that cytological fusion takes place.