Synergistic topological and supramolecular control of Diels-Alder reactivity based on a tunable self-complexing host-guest molecular switch.

Compartmentalization and binding-triggered conformational change regulate many metabolic processes in living matter. Here, we have synergistically combined these two biorelevant processes to tune the Diels-Alder (DA) reactivity of a synthetic self-complexing host-guest molecular switch CBPQT -Fu, consisting of an electron-rich furan unit covalently attached to the electron-deficient cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) tetrachloride (CBPQT , 4Cl ) host. This design allows CBPQT -Fu to efficiently compartmentalize the furan ring inside its host cavity in water, thereby protecting it from the DA reaction with maleimide.

Investigation of Serum Markers of Hepatic Fibrosis in Equids.

Liver disease is common in equine practice, and treatment and prognosis are dependent on histopathologic examination of biopsies. Liver biopsy is invasive and expensive which restricts its use. Serum markers are used to predict hepatic fibrosis in humans.

Myokines: Crosstalk and Consequences on Liver Physiopathology.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease mainly characterized by the hepatic accumulation of lipid inducing a deregulation of β-oxidation. Its advanced form is non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which, in addition to lipid accumulation, induces hepatocellular damage, oxidative stress and fibrosis that can progress to cirrhosis and to its final stage: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, no specific therapeutic treatment exists.

Evaluation of stress markers in horses during hippotherapy sessions in comparison to being ridden by beginners.

Hippotherapy has been used for decades and its benefits to human patients have largely been proven, whether being applied to those with physical or mental disabilities. There have been a plethora of animal welfare studies recently, pertaining especially to ridden horses. This study aimed to investigate stress markers in horses during hippotherapy sessions to address the ethical considerations raised by using horses for therapy.

Discussing the role of circular RNA in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and its complications.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are class of non-coding RNA, which are characterized by a covalently closed loop structure. Functionally they can act on cellular physiology, notably by sponging microRNAs (miR), regulating gene expression or interacting with binding protein. To date, circRNAs might represent an interesting, underexploited avenue for new target discovery for therapeutic applications, especially in the liver.

The effect of month and breed on plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone concentrations in equids.

Use of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations for the diagnosis of PPID in equids requires awareness of other factors that might influence ACTH concentrations, including breed and time of year. This study was designed to investigate effects of breed on plasma ACTH concentrations and potential interactions between breed and time of year. Ten breeds were selected from a laboratory database containing data on plasma ACTH concentrations.

Low performance of prognostic tools for predicting dialysis in elderly people with advanced CKD.

Introduction: Clinical decision-making about care plans can be difficult for very elderly people with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Current guidelines propose the use of prognostic tools predicting end stage renal disease (ESRD) to assist in a patient-centered shared decision-making approach. Our objective was to evaluate the existing risk model scores predicting ESRD, from data collected for a French prospective multicenter cohort of mainly octogenarians with advanced CKD.

Clinically and temporally specific diagnostic thresholds for plasma ACTH in the horse.

Background: Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is commonly investigated using plasma ACTH concentrations but problems exist with currently available diagnostic thresholds.

Objectives: To derive temporally specific diagnostic thresholds for equine plasma ACTH concentration to be used alongside clinical judgement in each individual week of the year and appropriate for the degree of clinical suspicion in any given case. Furthermore, to apply these thresholds to compare the prevalence of high and low ACTH in two subgroups of animals with high and low clinical suspicion of PPID.

Long-term effects of citric acid-based bicarbonate haemodialysis on patient outcomes: a survival propensity score-matched study in western France.

Background: Citric acid-based bicarbonate haemodialysis (CIT-HD) has gained more clinical acceptance over the last few years in France and is a substitute for other acidifiers [e.g. acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl)].

Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital.

Background: Responsible use of antimicrobials in equine practice relies on knowledge of common bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial sensitivities.

Objectives: To assess the frequency of bacterial resistance to a combination of parenteral penicillin and gentamicin and to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for PO use in a selection of clinical isolates, and subsequently to determine the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials that might then be used as alternatives to first-line antimicrobials for the same isolates.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials for 6354 bacterial isolates from 365 ambulatory practices and 519 isolates from a referral hospital.

[Leptospirosis in a paperless migrant living in Brussels].

We report the clinical history of a paperless migrant living in Belgium who contracted Weil's disease. This historical term refers to the severe form of leptospirosis, an ever more frequent tropical disease in Europe due to the growing globalization background. However, leptospirosis remains underdiagnosed.

Understanding social inequalities in children being bullied: UK Millennium Cohort Study findings.

Background: Children living in disadvantaged socio-economic circumstances (SEC) are more commonly victims of bullying, but pathways leading to social inequalities in being bullied are unclear. We assess how early life risk factors might mediate the increased risk of being bullied at age seven for children living in disadvantaged circumstances.

Material And Methods: Using data from 5,857 children in the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) we calculate risk ratios (RR) for being bullied at age seven (child-reported), by household income quintile.

Temporomandibular joint arthritis: Clinical, orthodontic, orthopaedic and surgical approaches.

Rheumatic diseases (RD) of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) are increasingly frequent affections and unfortunately often confused with "classic" manducatory dysfunctions (disk dislocation, myofascial pain syndroms). Their diagnosis is mandatory, given the major subsequent craniofacial disorders, which may occur (mandibular condylar hypoplasia, facial hyperdivergence, remodelling of the condylar unit, ankylosis), although the clinical implementation remains unspecific. The delayed diagnosis may be explained by the embryologic, anatomical and physiological characteristics of this joint.

Treatment plans and outcomes in elderly patients reaching advanced chronic kidney disease.

Background: Elderly patients with advanced chronic kidney disease require accurate outcome descriptions to make treatment decisions.

Methods: The PSPA [Parcours de soins des personnes âgées (Treatment pathways for elderly patients)] prospective multicentre cohort study included 573 such patients with a median age of 82 [interquartile range (IQR) 79-86] years and a median estimated glomerular filtration rate of 14 (IQR 11-17) mL/min/1.73 m2 and studied their 5-year outcomes according to the dialysis component of their treatment plans.

The Modification and Performance of a Large Animal Anesthesia Machine (Tafonius) in Order to Deliver Xenon to a Horse.

Introduction: Xenon, due to its interesting anesthetic properties, could improve the quality of anesthesia protocols in horses despite its high price. This study aimed to modify and test an anesthesia machine capable of delivering xenon to a horse.

Materials And Methods: An equine anesthesia machine (Tafonius, Vetronic Services Ltd.

A Simple and Efficient Protocol for the Catalytic Insertion Polymerization of Functional Norbornenes.

Norbornene can be polymerized by a variety of mechanisms, including insertion polymerization whereby the double bond is polymerized and the bicyclic nature of the monomer is conserved. The resulting polymer, polynorbornene, has a very high glass transition temperature, Tg, and interesting optical and electrical properties. However, the polymerization of functional norbornenes by this mechanism is complicated by the fact that the endo substituted norbornene monomer has, in general, a very low reactivity.

Clinical Performance Assessment of CorDiax Filters in Hemodialysis and Hemodiafiltration.

In this study, we evaluate the in vivo clinical performances of CorDiax FX 100 and CorDiax FX 1000 filters incorporating a high-flux membrane (Helixone Plus) designed for use in high-flux hemodialysis (HD) as well as in hemodiafiltration (HDF) in 6 stable end-stage kidney disease patients. In the HDF mode, various substitution modalities (post-, pre-, and mixed) were compared. In addition to conventional markers of efficacy of dialysis dose (urea, ionic dialysance, Kt/V), several additional middle- and large-size solute (β2-microglobulin, myoglobin, serum-free light-chain kappa and lambda, α1-microglobulin, and FGF23) compounds were explored in order to cover the spectrum of uremic toxins that are involved in uremia.

Are all dialyzers compatible with the convective volumes suggested for postdilution online hemodiafiltration?

Introduction: The recent analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials has confirmed the lower mortality risk for postdilution online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) compared to hemodialysis, and above all for patients with the highest delivered body surface area standardized convective volume (CV/BSA >23 L/1.73 m²/session). Since the impact of the dialyzers used in these trials has never been studied, we retrospectively analyzed clinical tests carried out with 19 commonly used dialyzers.

[Temporomandibular joint (TMJ): Condyle hyperplasia and condylectomy].

The mandibular condyle is a special structure. Its embryology and physiology provide to the TMJ a particular behavior that explains the occurrence of specific diseases. Condyle hyperplasia is one of these disorders.

[Temporomandibular joint disc surgery].

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are a common disease and may be responsible for major functional and painful repercussions. Treatment is not consensual. The literature highlights the role of conservative treatments (physiotherapy, analgesics, splints) in a first attempt.