[Topical problems of pulmonology in contemporary occupational medicine].

Respiratory tract diseases are very common in occupational medicine. The present literature review is aimed to specify topical directions of research in this sphere. The review is based on search in databases (e.

[Forecasting formation and course of vibration disease on basis of genetic metabolic markers study].

Analyzing distribution of genotype polymorphism occurrence of Pro l98Leu gene of GPX1 (glutathion peroxidase) and Ala 16 Val gene of MnSOD (superoxide dismutase), the authors presented major mechanisms and leading pathogenetic factors of vibration disease formation and course in post-contact period. The article covers also results of metabolic processes evaluation in patients with varying resistence to occupational vibration, for forecasting its course after discontinued contact with the factor.

[Occupational neurosensory deafness in civil aircraft crew members].

The article covers data on prevalence of neurosensory deafness among civil aircraft crew members. The study revealed high level of neurosensory deafness in civil aircraft crew members, averaging to 50.8% in neurosensory deafness structure among noise-related occupations.

[Novosibirsk Research Hygiene Institute - 85 years serving sanitary epidemiologic well-being of Siberia population].

The authors present review ot themes covered by Novosibirsk Research Hygiene Institute and the study results obtained over recent years. Evidences are that industrial Siberian centers demonstrate general positive changes in environmental pollution decrease and better health state of children and adolescents, but the situation remains warning about medical and sanitary care for workers engaged into hazardous work conditions, about lower diagnostic coverage of occupational diseases in periodic medical examinations. Facts are that qualified early diagnosis of primary signs of workers' disablement and opportune rehabilitation and preventive treatment enable to stop occupational diseases formation.

[Influence of a genetic component on the propensity of dust-exposed workers to visceropathies (on the pattern of detecting polymorphisms in the transmembrane conductance regulatory protein CFTR gene)].

Obtained results of molecular genetics testing of workers' groups exposed to dust show the elimination of carriers of defective variants in the CFTR gene among workers exposed to dust. We can establish a fact that in spite of law frequency of detected major mutations of the CFTR gene in explored selections they have big importance as individual factors in the stage of preliminary medical examinations in terms of prediction of possible occupational development risk and progression of productionally mediated visceropathies and diseases, as well as a conscious choice of occupation by an individual.

[Toxic effects of cadmium on the human body (literature review)].

A review of the literature about the toxic effects of cadmium on the human body. We describe a patient with clinical and biochemical signs of an attack of acute porphyria imitated or severe lead poisoning. In the patient's blood was revealed a 3-fold, compared to the allowable rate, increase of cadmium in the normal lead content.

[The preserving-health model of employees of oil and gas industry].

The state of occupational health problem and occupational rate of accident in Russia has been studied. It has been set forward the innovation model of health care of employees in oil and gas industry based on integrated approach, which combines the medical examination practice, the objective appraisal of workplaces on working condition, use of new saving production technologies, providing the employees with the means of individual protection, teaching the personnel to occupational safety and health culture and the first medical aid. The received results approve the efficiency of application of this model.

[Innovative approaches to postgraduate training of occupational therapy specialists: from knowledge to competency through activity].

The authors studied innovative approaches in postgraduate training of occupational therapy specialists. Findings are that combination of technologic and research approaches provides guaranteed prevailing and development of creativity.

[Status of the autonomic nervous system and its correction in complex treatment of patients with occupational cervical dorsopathy].

The authors studied features of vegetative regulation in patients with occupational cervical dorsopathy and specified differentiated rehabilitation programs proved to be more efficient than the conventional treatment.

[Innovative approaches to diagnosis and treatment of occupational diseases (on joint diseases model)].

The authors studies features of structure and functional state of knee joints in occupational diseases. Findings are peripheral circulatory disorders, changes in all hemostasis levels, with trend to increased platelets aggregation, hyperfibrinogenemia, hypercoagulation and fibrinolysis system disorders. Considering the diagnosis, the authors specified treatment algorithms for occupational osteoarthrosis.

[Risk factors of gastropathy development in workers exposed to dust].

Systemic leucocyte-induced oxidative stress in prolonged occupational exposure to dust modifies oxidative metabolism of neutrophils and RBC, causes inflammatory and destructive, autoimmune processes in gastric lining and possible subsequent occupational gastropathies. To verify gastropathies caused by technogenic dust aerosols, search of preclinical biologic markers of gastric lining damage is essential. The article presents main steps in occupational gastropathies formation, trigger mechanisms, leading pathogenetic factors of gastric lining damage and of atrophic fundus gastritis.

[Clinical and biochemical syndromes of cadmium-induced acute porphyrinopathy].

Aim: To study the specific features of porphyrin metabolic disturbances in cadmium poisoning.

Material And Methods: The paper describes a patient who has developed clinical and biochemical syndromes of acute porphyrinopathy after exposure to cadmium-containing paint the vapors. The levels of delta-aminolevulinic acid, porphobilinogen, coproporphyrin, and uroporphyrin in urine and those of coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin in feces were measured.

[Pathomorphosis and contemporary evolution of occupational and occupationally mediated diseases].

The authors present results of studies concerning pathomorphosis mechanisms underlying contemporary forms of occupational and occupationally mediated diseases. Systemic general pathologic approach enabled to specify importance of universal homeostatic mechanisms disorders at various structural and functional levels in pathogenesis of major disease types.

[Implementation mechanisms in prevention of occupational diseases in workers exposed to occupational hazards in Far North].

The article covers analysis of work conditions and occupational diseases in diamond mining industry of Far North. Safe length of sevice under exposure to noise is set. The authors specified recommendations on primary and secondary prophylaxis of occupational diseases in workers.

[Individual features of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence in patients with vibration disease during post-contact period].

The article presents major mechanisms and leading pathogenetic factors for development and course of vibration disease in post-contact period. The authors demonstrate results of metabolic disorders assessment in patients with variable endurance to occupational vibration, for predicting vibration disease course after contact with the vactor is stopped.

[Characteristics of pathology development in medical personnel of multiple-field hospital].

Analysis of transitory disablement morbidity in medical personnel of multifield hospital revealed features of pathology and ways to preserve health in the workers.

[Influence of work conditions on the development of arterial hypertension in workers under conditions of high occupational risk].

The study proved that occupational physical and chemical factors are additional risk factors for early arterial hypertension in the workers exposed; these factors if combined with other well-known ones deteriorate the course of arterial hypertension.

[Programs for better health of individuals exposed to increased occupational risk].

The article deals with problems of optimizing sanatorium-and-spa programs to better health in workers exposed to vibration, through using panto-magnesium pearl baths. Examinations covered 49 individuals exposed to local vibration at work, who underwent health programs including magnetotherapy, manual massage and exercise therapy. The authors conclude that maximal effect of improved life quality was seen after panto-magnesium gas baths course auxiliary to the programs.

[Cluster apporach to analysis of occupational morbidity, exemplified by Siberian Federal District].

The article covers regression and cluster analysis of occupational morbidity exemplified by Siberian Federal District. This parameter appeared regressionally dependent on mining industry level and the workers' occupational conditions. The authors specified algorithm of typing territories according to occupational morbidity in accordance with some factors.

[Biochemical and hemocoagulation criteria for evaluating the risk of nephropathy development in workers with occupational exposure to dust].

The authors present main mechanisms and leading pathogenetic factors underlying occupationally mediated dust nephropathies. The article covers results of analysis concerning biochemical and hemocoagulation criteria to evaluate the risk of nephropathy in workers exposed to high concentrations of industrial dust aerosols.

[Improving the system of methods covering clinical and rentgenologic observation over workers exposed to dust aerosol].

The article deals with analysis of clinical and rentgenologic changes in various pneumoconiosis types over 1960 to 2007 in Novosibirsk region. Findings are that analogous plain film fails to diagnose pulmonary pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconioses associated with "minimal" dust invasions in 10-15% of cases are not revealed by plain films.

[Computer visual syndrome and occupational ophthalmopathy in PC operators].

Information technologies development resulted in occupational ophthalmopathy in PC users. The article covers criteria to define the risk group for prevention and rehabilitation measures.

[Importance of molecular genetic markers for evaluating individual risk of visceropathies in workers exposed to dust].

The authors present results of evaluating molecular genetic markers to estimate individual risk and forecast visceropathies development in workers exposed to high concentrations of industrial dust aerosols.

[Medical service system for hazardous production workers in major industrial city].

Inadequate training of specialists participating in periodic medical examinations remains one of the major problems of medical service for hazardous production workers, as shown by the authors. Suggestions are interactions between medical institution participating in periodic medical examinations and local medical institutions (licensed for periodic medical examinations) through setting an occupational therapist in the latter institutions for continuous observation over individuals having occupational exposure to hazards and for referral to Regional occupational pathology center, if necessary. This organizational pattern is a system of correlated structural elements, providing effective mechanism to save labour resources and more cost-effective, vs.

[Contemporary rehabilitation technologies for occupations at risk of vibration disease].

The authors demonstrate efficiency of nitrogenous silicon baths in "Belokurikha" resort with precasted factors for neurohormonal state of patients with I degree vibration disease, for their life quality and psychoemotional state, through lower dysbalance of stimulating and peripheral hormons, lower thyroxin/triiodothyronine and estradiol/ testosteron ratios, aldosteron level, positive influence on prooxidant and antioxidant activities of blood serum, on platelet and vascular hemostasis.