The biomechanics of concussion for ice hockey head impact events.

The purpose of this research was to conduct reconstructions of concussive and non-concussive impacts in ice hockey to determine the biomechanics and thresholds of concussive injury in ice hockey. Videos of concussive and non-concussive impacts in an elite professional ice hockey league in North America were reconstructed using physical and finite element model methods. Eighty concussive and 45 non-concussive events were studied.

Constraining the p-Mode-g-Mode Tidal Instability with GW170817.

We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational-wave driven inspiral. We model the impact of this instability on the phasing of the gravitational wave signal using three parameters per star: an overall amplitude, a saturation frequency, and a spectral index.

XB130 deficiency enhances carcinogen-induced skin tumorigenesis.

XB130 is an adaptor protein that functions as a mediator of multiple tyrosine kinases important for regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration and invasion. Formerly predicted as an oncogene, alterations of its expression are documented in various human cancers. However, the exact role of XB130 in tumorigenesis is unknown.

Does the Environment Influence the Frequency of Concussion Incidence in Professional Football?

Background Sports-related concussion is a major cause of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). It is possible that environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and stadium's altitude, may influence the overall incidence of concussions during a game. Purpose To examine the impact of environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, and dew point, on concussion incidence.

Modifying Factors for Concussion Incidence and Severity in the 2013-2017 National Hockey League Seasons.

Introduction In the past few years, there has been a rising interest in both the prevalence and the short- and long-term consequences of concussions. While the main focus of concussion-based research revolves around the National Football League (NFL), attention is now shifting to other high contact leagues like the National Hockey League (NHL), where there is constant player-to-player contact as well as collisions with the perimeter boards. While the body of evidence surrounding injury and concussion rates in the NHL has substantially grown in size over the previous few years, there is still a void pertaining to the in-game effects that could modulate concussion incidence.

Effects of Game Characteristics and Player Positions on Concussion Incidence and Severity in Professional Football.

Background: Increasing efforts have been made to reduce the incidence and severity of concussion in high-contact sports. Despite these efforts, a relative lack of knowledge is available regarding modulating factors affecting concussion injury.

Purpose: To analyze the potential influence of game characteristics and outcomes on concussion incidence and severity in professional football.

Elucidation of Endothelial Cell Hemostatic Regulation with Integrin-Targeting Hydrogels.

Despite advances in the development of materials for cardiovascular devices, current strategies generally lack the thromboresistance of the native endothelium both in terms of efficacy and longevity. To harness this innate hemostatic regulation and improve long-term hemocompatibility, biohybrid devices are designed to promote endothelialization. Much of the research effort to date has focused on the use of extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimics and coatings to promote endothelial cell adhesion and migration with less attention given to the effect of the supported ECM binding events on hemostatic regulation.

Evaluation of Concussion Incidence and Modulating Factors in the 2013-2017 Australian Football League.

Introduction The increasing awareness and popularization of concussions in the research realm over the last few years have begun to shed more light on the detrimental effects associated with repetitive head trauma. While the majority of the current literature focuses on the National Football League (NFL) and National Hockey League (NHL), several other high-impact sports have been implementing concussion management protocols to protect their players. The Australian Football League (AFL) is a prime example of a major contact sport that has undertaken recent changes to its concussion assessment and management modalities.

Search for Subsolar-Mass Ultracompact Binaries in Advanced LIGO's First Observing Run.

We present the first Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo search for ultracompact binary systems with component masses between 0.2  M_{⊙}-1.0  M_{⊙} using data taken between September 12, 2015 and January 19, 2016.

Spontaneous Arrest of Sporadic Spinal Hemangioblastoma Growth after Postoperative Nodular Recurrence: Case Report.

Hemangioblastomas are rare, slow-growing, highly vascularized tumors of the central nervous system which often occur in the spinal cord. When presenting as sporadic, isolated tumors without Von-Hippel Lindau disease, they are curable through surgery with a low rate of recurrence. Tumor recurrence in these cases is usually associated with prior subtotal resection.

A Review of Integrin-Mediated Endothelial Cell Phenotype in the Design of Cardiovascular Devices.

Sustained biomaterial thromboresistance has long been a goal and challenge in blood-contacting device design. Endothelialization is one of the most successful strategies to achieve long-term thromboresistance of blood-contacting devices, with the endothelial cell layer providing dynamic hemostatic regulation. It is well established that endothelial cell behavior is influenced by interactions with the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM).

Complementary Biomarker Assessment of Components Absorbed from Diet and Creatinine Excretion Rate Reflecting Muscle Mass in Dialysis Patients.

To prevent protein energy malnutrition (PEM) and accumulation of waste products, dialysis patients require diet adjustments. Dietary intake assessed by self-reported intakes often provides biased information and standard 24-h urinary excretion is inapplicable in dialysis patients. We aimed to assess dietary intake via a complementary, less biased biomarker method, and to compare this to dietary diaries.

GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State.

On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii.

Prenatal and postnatal experiences associated with epigenetic changes in the adult mouse brain.

To analyze the influences of early-life history on the brain epigenome, the offspring of mouse dams kept in an enriched or standard environment were exposed postnatally to enriched, standard, or adverse conditions. The methylation patterns of 7 candidate genes (9 loci) involved in developmental programming of stress vulnerability/resilience and psychiatric disease were analyzed in 6 brain regions of adult male and female mice. Exposure to an enriched prenatal environment was associated with widespread epigenetic changes (all of small effect size), affecting 29 of 324 (9%) gene/region-specific methylation patterns.

Workforce Analysis of Spine Surgeons Involved with Neurological and Orthopedic Surgery Residency Training.

Objective: Spinal surgery is taught and practiced within 2 different surgical disciplines: neurological surgery and orthopedic surgery. We have provided a unified analysis of spine-focused faculty at U.S.

Academic Productivity of Spine Surgeons at United States Neurological Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery Training Programs.

Objective: Spinal surgery is taught and practiced within 2 different surgical disciplines, neurological surgery and orthopedic surgery. We have provided a unified analysis of academic productivity measured using the h-index attributable to spine-focused faculty at U.S.

Mobilization of the lumbar spine in a 76-year-old male with mechanical low back pain and an abdominal aortic aneurysm: A case report.

Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are found in 1-12% of older males. Low back pain (LBP) is prevalent with incidence increasing with age and can respond to manual therapy (MT). To date, the safety of the application of MT for LBP in the presence of a known AAA has not been reported.

Chromogenic media for the detection of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A in human stool samples: evaluation in a reference setting.

Detection of Salmonella Paratyphi A stool carriers by conventional stool culture media is hindered by the absence of hydrogen sulphide production compared to most other Salmonella serovars. This study evaluated the detection of Salmonella Paratyphi A in stool samples using Salmonella chromogenic media compared to a conventional medium. Four chromogenic media, COMPASS Salmonella agar (Biokar Diagnostics, Beauvais, France), BBL™ CHROMagar™ Salmonella (BD Diagnostics, Erembodegem-Aalst, Belgium), Brilliance™ Salmonella agar (Oxoid Ltd.

A reality check for climate change experiments: Do they reflect the real world?

Experiments are widely used in ecology, particularly for assessing global change impacts on ecosystem function. However, results from experiments often are inconsistent with observations made under natural conditions, suggesting the need for rigorous comparisons of experimental and observational studies. We conducted such a "reality check" for a grassland ecosystem by compiling results from nine independently conducted climate change experiments.

Distribution of Brain Strain in the Cerebrum for Ice Hockey Goaltender Impacts.

Concussions are among the most common injuries sustained by goaltenders. Concussive injuries are characterized by impairment to neurological function which can affect many different brain regions. Understanding how different impact loading conditions (event type and impact site) affect the brain tissue response may help identify what kind of impacts create a high risk of injury to specific brain regions.

c-index and Subindices of the h-index: New Variants of the h-index to Account for Variations in Author Contribution.

Objectives Bibliometrics are used to assess or compare the academic productivity of individuals or groups. Most of these metrics, including the widely used -index, do not recognize the added contribution that is generally provided by authors listed first, second, second-to-last and last (enhanced positions) in a publication citation. We propose the -index as a novel modification to the -index that will better reflect an individual's academic output, incorporating authorship position.

Working definitions, subjective and objective assessments and experimental paradigms in a study exploring social withdrawal in schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.

Social withdrawal is one of the first and common signs of early social dysfunction in a number of important neuropsychiatric disorders, likely because of the enormous amount and complexity of brain processes required to initiate and maintain social relationships (Adolphs, 2009). The Psychiatric Ratings using Intermediate Stratified Markers (PRISM) project focusses on the shared and unique neurobiological basis of social withdrawal in schizophrenia, Alzheimer and depression. In this paper, we discuss the working definition of social withdrawal for this study and the selection of objective and subjective rating scales to assess social withdrawal chosen or adapted for this project.

Overview of the clinical implementation of a study exploring social withdrawal in patients with schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.

Trans-diagnostic, domain- or symptom-focused approaches have been heralded as advancing psychiatric research, but relatively few clinical research programmes have been undertaken to leverage their potential. In this manuscript we describe the approach and protocol for an exploratory study, PRISM (Psychiatric Ratings using Intermediate Stratified Markers), that will be conducted to explore the biomarkers in schizophrenia (SZ) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) that may be related to a common symptom, social withdrawal. Patient participants (N = 72 SZ and N = 72 AD study completers), will complete a series of fMRI, EEG, and behavioural paradigms, as well as contributing blood-derived (e.

Search for Tensor, Vector, and Scalar Polarizations in the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background.

The detection of gravitational waves with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo has enabled novel tests of general relativity, including direct study of the polarization of gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for only two tensor gravitational-wave polarizations, general metric theories can additionally predict two vector and two scalar polarizations. The polarization of gravitational waves is encoded in the spectral shape of the stochastic gravitational-wave background, formed by the superposition of cosmological and individually unresolved astrophysical sources.