[Laparoscopic-assisted method of surgical treatment of perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer].

Conversion (laparoscopic-assisted) method of surgical treatment of perforated gastric and duodenal ulcer was used at 103 patients. This method combines minilaparotomy with videolaparoscopy. Mean duration of surgery was 53 min, mean hospital stay - 6 bed-days.

[Ethologic study of the sequelae of prenatal exposure to psychotropic agents].

The consequences of the use of pharmacological agents during pregnancy and delivery can manifest themselves not only in the form of morphological deformities of the fetus but also in the behavioral disturbances at the later age. The experiments on laboratory animals open wide possibilities for detecting the psychotropic agents with a potential ability of disturbing the offspring behavior. These properties were demonstrated for narcotic analgesics, ethanol, some tranquillizers and other drugs.

[Effect of opiate receptor agonists and antagonists on maternal aggression in rats].

The behavioral effects of opiate agonists and antagonists were studied on the female aggression model. Mu-agonist buprenorphine more selectively decreased maternal aggression than kappa-agonist tifluadom. Kappa-agonists (bremazocine, tifluadom) increased passive defence in lactating female rats.

Intraspecies behavior of animals based on a model of experimental brain ischemia.

The features of the intraspecies behavior of rats after ligation of the right, left, or both common carotid arteries were studied. It was shown that certain characteristics of behavior change differently following ligation of the right or left common carotid artery. The approach used may be utilized for the assessment of the severity of ischemic brain damage.

[A computer ethological-pharmacological analysis of the intraspecific behavior of primates].

Experiments were performed on primates (Cercopithecus sabeus, Macaca maurus, Cebus apella). Possibility to formalize the structure of normal and pathological monkey behaviour was shown by computerized technique. Rigid dominant-subordinate structures (linear type) were demonstrated on Macaca maurus, Cercopithecus sabeus, Cebus apella.

[Effect of unilateral spreading cortical depression on intraspecies aggression and sociability of isolated mice].

It has been shown that aggressive forms of behaviour are controlled preferentially by the left hemisphere and sociability by the right one. Consequently, the opposite poles of the continuum "aggression-sociability" have different lateralization. Interconnection between functional interhemispheric asymmetry and aggression degree has been revealed: in high-aggressive mice the differences in the effect of left and right hemispheres inactivation are expressed stronger as compared to low-aggressive and nonaggressive animals.

[Intraspecies animal behavior in a model of experimental cerebral ischemia].

Specifics of intraspecies behaviour following ligation of both or either one of the two carotid arteries, were studied in rats. Certain behavioural features are altered in different ways depending on ligation of the right or left carotid artery. The approach can be applied to evaluation of graveness of the brain ischemic lesion.

[Independent benzodiazepine and beta-carboline binding sites in the brain of aggressive and anxious-defensive mice].

Distribution of specific 3H-flunitrazepam and 3H-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate binding sites in the brain regions of aggressive and timid-defensive mice was investigated before and after subchronic injection of diazepam (5 mg/kg). The absence of differences between the affinity and concentration of 3H-flunitrazepam binding sites in diencephalon and brain cortex in aggressive and defensive mice may be explained by general benzodiazepine receptor reaction on isolation and agonistic interaction stress. Significant predominance of 3H-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate binding sites in the brain cortex, as compared to the concentration of 3H-flunitrazepam binding sites suggests the presence of specific binding sites for beta-carbolines, which have specific distribution in the brain.

[Pharmacoethological analysis of the effects of thyroliberin and melanostatin in a model of anxious-defensive behavior in mice].

Psychotropic properties of thyroliberin and melanostatin were studied on the model of timid-defensive behaviour of mice. Oligopeptides increased defensive behaviour and timidity, and decreased intraspecies sociability. GABA deficiency and dopaminergic system blockade increased timid-defensive behaviour of mice.

[Psychopathological and hormonal manifestations of alcoholic intoxication and emotional stress in monkeys].

Ethological approach to studying mature P. hamadryas and M. mulatta males has revealed a wide spectrum of changes in individual and zoosocial behaviour in response to the administration of different alcohol doses and stress stimuli.

Pharmaco-ethological analysis of antidepressant drug effects.

An ethological approach to the analysis of antidepressant drug action focuses on the restorative effects of these drugs on intraspecies behavior and locomotor activity. The present analysis reveals that iprazid and amphetamine differentially alter locomotion and intraspecies behavior in mice that were pretreated with reserpine. Fluoxetine restores intraspecies behavior, specifically by increasing the number of passive contacts, but without activating locomotion.

[Discrete and continuous mathematical models of intraspecific behavior in the pharmacoethology of the mouse].

An algorithm and software library were compiled in order to interpret the intraspecies agonistic animal behaviour in terms of discrete or continuous mathematical model. Applied aspects of the use of mathematical models in pharmacoethology were shown on concrete examples. The ways of construction of standard prototypes, and the integrative criteria of psychotropic drugs action were developed.

[Pharmacoethological analysis of the action of beta-carbolines].

The ethological spectrum of four beta-carbolines was studied for intraspecific aggression, sociability integration and individual behavior. It was established that beta-carboline-3-carboxyethyl ether given at subconvulsant doses increases aggression, lowers sociability as a diazepam antagonist. Diazepam reduces aggression and increases sociability.

[Pharmaco-ethological study of analgesia induced by intraspecies fighting behavior].

The time-dependent characteristics and ethological features of intraspecies fighting-induced analgesia were demonstrated in experiments on dominant and submissive-defeated mice. Opiate but not GABAergic mechanisms were found to be involved in fighting-induced analgesia in submissive-defeated mice.

[Relation between reactions to pain and the hierarchical rank of animals].

Intraspecies experience of domination or subordination in mice is an important factor predetermining their specific behaviour in response to painful stimuli, The significance is emphasized of ethological investigations for studying behavioural reactivity to pain and correct differentiation of responses of "defence-subordination" and "aggression-offence" types. The specificity of diazepam effect on the character of behaviour in response to pain was analysed in animals of different hierarchic rank.