Existence of SARS-Cov-2 in the Peritoneal Fluid.

Objective:  To determine the existence of SARS-CoV-2 in the peritoneal fluid to assess the risk of exposure through surgical smoke and aerosolization threatening healthcare workers during abdominal surgery.

Background:  SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory virus and possible ways of viral transmission are respiratory droplets, close contact, and fecal-oral route. Surgeries pose risk for healthcare workers due to the close contact with patients.

A novel angiogenesis inhibitor bevacizumab induces apoptosis in the rat endometriosis model.

Our aim was to investigate the effects of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) antibody Bevacizumab on endometrial explants and on apoptotic gene expression levels in the rat endometriosis model. Endometriotic implants were surgically formed, and rats treated with (i) 1 mg/kg single subcutaneous injection of depot leuprolide acetate; (ii) 2.5 mg/kg of single intaperitoneal injection of bevacizumab; (iii) intraperitoneal injection of saline.

The effect of drospirenone (3 mg) with ethinyl estradiol (30 mcg) containing pills on ovarian blood flows in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate whether oral contraceptive pill (OCP) therapy has any effects on ovarian stromal blood flow by using pulsed and color Doppler at the end of 3 months follow-up period of OCP-users and non-users with or without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Study Design: 200 patients were included in the study. The patients were designed into four groups as follows; Group 1: PCOS patients that received OCP containing 30 mcg ethinyl estradiol (EE) plus 3mg drospirenone for 3 months (DRP n=50); Group 2: PCOS patients that received no medication (n=50); Group 3: Healthy controls that received OCP (EE plus DRP) (n=50); Group 4: healthy controls that received no medication (n=50).

Comparison of the effects of 2 different doses of remifentanil infusion for sedation during in-vitro fertilization procedure.

Objective: To compare the sedation level, hemodynamic effects, patient and physician satisfactions following sedation achieved by 2 different doses of remifentanil (R) infusion with additional bolus infusions of propofol for in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure.

Methods: A double-blind prospective randomized study was implemented on 86 ASA I-II grade female patients, 18-40 years of age that underwent IVF procedure. This study was performed in the Department of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey between November 2006 to August 2008.

Alteration of cardiovascular risk parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome who were prescribed to ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the alteration of cardiovascular and metabolic risk parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients after a 6-month treatment with an oral contraceptive (OC) containing cyproterone acetate (CPA).

Methods: Forty women with PCOS were evaluated at baseline and after treatment with an OC. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), nitrate-mediated dilatation (NMD), high sensitive (hs)-CRP, lipid levels, index of glucose sensitivity, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA) were assessed.

Long-term effects of GnRH agonist, GnRH antagonist, and estrogen plus progesterone treatment on apoptosis related genes in rat ovary.

Objective: To define the long-term effects of GnRH antagonist, GnRH agonist, and estrogen plus progesterone treatments on apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expressions, including bcl2, bax, and cyt c in rat ovary.

Design: Prospective placebo-controlled experimental study.

Setting: Obstetrics and Gynecology and Medical Biology and Genetics university departments.

Effects of oral L-arginine supplementation on blood pressure and asymmetric dimethylarginine in stress-induced preeclamptic rats.

This study was carried out to elucidate the role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and nitric oxide (NO) in preeclampsia development, and to investigate the effect of L-arginine supplementation in rats. Preeclampsia was induced in pregnant rats using a stress model. L-arginine was administered orally and ADMA, urinary nitrate, and protein levels were measured on the 20th day of pregnancy.

The effect of strontium ranelate on serum insulin like growth factor-1 and leptin levels in osteoporotic post-menopausal women: a prospective study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of strontium ranelate on insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), leptin and osteocalcin levels in osteoporotic post-menopausal women.

Study Design: Thirty-three women were given 2 g/day strontium ranelate for 6 months. Serum IGF-1, leptin and osteocalcin levels were measured before and after the treatment.

The effect of raloxifene on cardiac autonomic regulation in osteoporotic women.

Objective: There are suggestive data that raloxifene may have favorable effects on the arterial systems in postmenopausal women and thereby lowering the incidence of future adverse cardiovascular events. Reduction of heart rate variability appears to be a marker for identifying subjects with an increased risk for cardiac mortality, particularly in patients after myocardial infarction and in elderly people. Although there are conflicting data with regard to the effects of estrogen and progesterone on heart rate variability in postmenopausal women, the impact of raloxifene treatment on heart rate variability is fully unknown.

Raloxifene increases serum leptin levels in postmenopausal women: a prospective study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of raloxifene on leptin and insulin-like growth factor-I levels and their relation with the biochemical markers of bone metabolism in postmenopausal women.

Study Design: Sixty-four women were given 60 mg/d raloxifene for 6 months. Serum leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, osteocalcin, and collagen type I cross-link C-telopeptide levels were measured before and after the treatment.

Effects of estrogen, raloxifene, and hormone replacement therapy on serum C-reactive protein and homocysteine levels.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of conjugated equine estrogen (CEE), CEE plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), CEE plus Nomegestrol acetate (NA), and raloxifene on serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in healthy postmenopausal women.

Materials: One hundred seven healthy postmenopausal women were recruited in a prospective, randomized, and placebo-controlled 6 months study. Of these, 18 were hysterectomized and received daily oral 0.

Regression of endometrial explants in rats treated with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor rofecoxib.

Objective: To investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor rofecoxib on endometrial explants and on peritoneal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the rat endometriosis model.

Design: Prospective, placebo-controlled study.

Setting: Laboratory at Dokuz Eylül University.

A randomized controlled trial of coil removal prior to treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of removing coils on the treatment of mild and moderate pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Methods: Of 126 women who had mild to moderate PID during coil usage, 60 were treated following coil removal and 66 without. Clinical symptoms, findings of gynecologic examination, erythrocyte sedimentation rates (mm/h), leukocyte counts (mm(-3)) were recorded before and after treatment and recovery rates of symptoms and findings were compared with Chi-square and Fisher's absolute Chi-square tests.

Monitoring hormone replacement therapy by biochemical markers of bone metabolism in menopausal women.

Biochemical markers of bone metabolism are divided into two groups: formation and resorption markers. Bone turnover is a dynamic process, which increases in postmenopausal period. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can diminish this increased bone turnover.

The values of urinary NTx in postmenopausal women undergoing HRT; the role of additional alendronate therapy.

Objective: To determine the changes in levels of urinary NTx at the end of the 6th month of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the effects of additional alendronate therapy for osteoporotic women.

Method: Of 66 postmenopausal women 23 were treated with oral estradiol+norethisterone acetate (E+P), and 22 were treated with transdermal estradiol+norethisterone acetate. The third group consisted of 21 women with osteoporosis (bone mineral density < 100 mg/cm(3)) and treated with oral E+P plus alendronate 10 mg/day.

Effects of HRT on serum levels of IGF-I in postmenopausal women.

Objectives: It is thought that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) stimulates bone formation. We aimed to determine the effects of oral and transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on serum IGF-I levels and to investigate the effects of basal IGF-I levels on the levels obtained at the end of the therapy.

Methods: Sixty-six postmenopausal women were administered either oral (n=44) or transdermal (n=22) HRT for 6 months.

The role of enalapril in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: a rabbit model.

Background: The purpose of our study was to investigate the role of enalapril in the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Methods: Twenty New Zealand female rabbits were included in the study. A total of 75 IU FSH + 75 IU LH was given daily by i.

Progesterone for the luteal support of assisted reproductive technologies: clinical options.

The role of progesterone in luteal support in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is reviewed. There is insufficient data in ART treatment without gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues, to prove the necessity for luteal phase support using progesterone. Prospective studies have shown that ART cycles using GnRH analogues need to be supplemented.

Tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology: clinical options.

We reviewed the place of tubal surgery in the era of assisted reproductive technology. Reversal of tubal ligation is one of the main indications for tubal microsurgery. Adhesiolysis has the best results if the adhesion is the only factor responsible for infertility.

Accuracy of ovarian reserve tests.

Several tests predict ovarian reserve in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. However, the accuracy of these tests in assessing the number of the remaining follicles within the ovary (ovarian reserve) has not been previously validated. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of ovarian reserve tests, namely basal and clomiphene-stimulated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist stimulation test in predicting the number of the follicles within the ovaries.

Relation between bone mineral content and clinical, hormonal and biochemical parameters in postmenopausal women.

We studied factors related to bone mass after a natural or surgical menopause in 73 healthy women attending the menopause clinic of a university hospital. In the natural menopause group we found inverse correlations between bone mineral density (BMD) vs. menopausal duration; BMD vs.

Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of incision healing after cesarean sections.

The purpose of this study was to examine the healing period of incision scar in myometrial wall and the normal pelvis after cesarean sections by means of MRI. In this study 17 voluntary women were examined after their first delivery with cesarean section in the early postpartum period (first 5 days), and following this, three more times in 3-month intervals. The MRI examinations were performed on a 1.

Stress hormones and acid-base status in human fetuses at term delivery: the effect of delivery method.

To evaluate the effect of delivery mode on fetal stress hormones and acid-base status and also to investigate the relationship between fetal acidemia and these hormones. 64 women with term pregnancies were studied. All had singleton, healthy pregnancies.

[Does the incidence of premature labor vary according to the season?].

To investigate the epidemiology of premature delivery, in particular regarding potential seasonal influences, a retrospective medical-record study was conducted in 3345 women who delivered prematurely over a six-year period (1988-1993). The control group was composed of 53,162 women who carried their pregnancies to term. Each study subject had delivered at least one liveborn baby, prematurely or at full term.