IgG Stimulates the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Modifies Their Structure.

We studied the neutrophils and monocytes obtained from 37 patients with various inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, acute infectious process in the abdominal cavity (acute appendicitis/abscess of the abdominal cavity, and acute cholecystitis), acute pancreatitis, and post-COVID syndrome after mild COVID infection. The number and the morphological structure of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) as well as the effect of IgG on NET were examined. NET were visualized and counted by fluorescence microscopy with fluorescent dye SYBR Green.

[Questionnaire of the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology is a new tool for assessing chronic pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction].

The article presents the work of a multidisciplinary team of experts from various fields of medicine to optimize the «Questionnaire for assessing chronic pelvic pain and pelvic organ dysfunction (QCPPD) of the Ryzhikh National Medical Research Centre for Coloproctology» for use in clinical practice. The survey of respondents was conducted from June 28 to September 28, 2021. As a result of this survey, by repeatedly making edits and clarifications during communication with respondents, the final version was obtained, which allows assessing the patient's subjective sensations by the nature and localization of pelvic pain, sensitivity disorders and pelvic organ function.

Results of Complex Immunopharmacological Analysis of the Mechanisms of Action of Bioregulation Agents.

Elucidation of the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of drugs capable of potentiating the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is an important task. In this in vitro study, the ability of Traumeel S to influence the innate and acquired immunity was evaluated. Traumeel S was found to reduce activities of NADPH oxidase and neutrophil extracellular traps, as well as to evoke anti-inflammatory activity of lymphocyte subpopulations.

[Prospects for pharmacological adaptation of neurovascular unit in conditions of neurotropic viral infection].

The article discusses the prospects for pharmacological conditioning as a method for adaptation of neurovascular unit in conditions of neurotropic viral infection. A step-by-step mechanism for development of preconditioning and postconditioning is presented with a detailed description of it's main stages (trigger, signal and effector). The role of neuroinflammation as the leading mechanism of damage and the possibility of influencing the brain neurotrophic factor are considered.

Endogenous Regulators of the Immune System (sCD100, Malonic Dialdehyde, and Arginase).

Tissue damage in various diseases, hypoxic conditions, and some pathologies are associated with production of endogenous factors such as the soluble form of the surface receptor CD100, malonic dialdehyde, and arginase and their release into circulation. These factors modulate functional state of lymphocytes in the immune system: potentiate activation of B lymphocytes, activate synthesis and secretion of IL-25 and IL-17 cytokines, and suppress proliferative activity of T lymphocytes, thus modulating immunological reactivity of the organism. Reactions of innate and adaptive immunity develop against the background of changed immunological reactivity, which should be taken into account in the development of pathogenetically substantiated therapy.

[Hemoglobin oxygen transport capacity in surgical endotoxicosis ].

In surgical endointoxication hemoglobin oxygen transport capacity of red blood cells (hemoglobin affinity ligands: the ability to bind and release ligands) is reduced and is associated with the severity of endogenous intoxication. Violation of oxygen transport function of hemoglobin at endogenous intoxication is associated with conformational changes of a biomolecule, and its possible influence on reactive oxygen species, which confirmed in experiments in vitro: under the influence of oxygen-iron ascorbate ability of hemoglobin deteriorates. Largely similar structural and functional changes in hemoglobin occur in patients with surgical endotoxicosis.

[Systemic factors of acute pancreatitis advance].

In experimental studies the sequence of vitals series lesion is established at various forms of acute experimental pancreatitis (edematous pancreatitis, a pancreatonecrosis). It is shown that one of the first in pathological process involves an intestine, then - a liver, further - kidneys. It is established that at acute pancreatitis the basis of a target organs lesion is membranodestruktivny process due to excess activity of lipids peroxidation processes and phospholipase systems which are registered not only in a blood plasma, but also in tissue structures of the studied organs - an intestine, a liver, kidneys (systemic distress damages of oxidative and phospholipase induced character) acts.

[Characteristics of the autonomic nervous system state in children with myopia associated with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia].

Autonomic nervous system disorders occur in 100% cases in patients with connective tissue dysplasia. Biomechanism of accommodation and autonomic innervation of ciliary body was not investigated clearly and presented as area of further research. The goal of the study was to evaluate features of autonomic nervous system in patients with myopia associated with connective tissue dysplasia.

Effect of polysaccharides on the blood system in rats.

Natural plant polysaccharides stimulated hemopoiesis, increased the content of some macroglobulins in blood plasma, modulate the weight and cellular composition of lymphoid and hemopoietic organs, activated lymphopoiesis, and enhanced enzyme activity in healthy animals.

Taban-Arshan: immunocorrector in atopic bronchial asthma.

Taban-Arshan extract decreased expression of T-lymphocyte activation markers, normalized T-cell-mediated immunity, and suppressed increased activity of natural killer receptors during culturing with lymphocytes of patients with atopic bronchial asthma. Taban-Arshan extract normalized activation processes in the B-cell immunity and stimulated expression of receptors of activation-induced apoptosis.

Characterization of lymphocyte surface markers in patients with vitiligo.

It was demonstrated that all vitiligo patients, independently of the disease stage, have a significant decrease in the total number of T cells and an elevated level of peripheral blood lymphocytes and activated natural killers (CD56). The low level of T lymphocytes is associated with the increase in the number of CD3(+)4(+)8(+) cells, which are characterized by a faster apoptosis induction. The elevated level of B lymphocytes in peripheral blood in vitiligo is due to the significant increase in the number of B cells of all the stages of differentiation, suggesting a general activation of the whole B-cell immunity.

Restoration of FAS-Mediated Apoptosis of Lymphocytes in Patients with Myocarditis by Specific Peptide Sequence of Human Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP(13-19)).

Human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is capable of modulating cellular proliferative processes. A study has been made of the regulatory properties of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the part of the human AFP molecule participating in receptor interaction, the peptide consisting of seven amino acids and having an amino acid sequence LDSYQCT. The study was carried out on the lymphocytes of the peripheral blood of six patients with immune myocarditis in the period of exacerbation of the illness.

Dynamic Characteristic of Surface Phenotype of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Myocarditis Patients.

A study of the expression of activated markers in peripheral blood lymphocytes makes it possible to carry out continuous monitoring of the immune system of a patient by means of a non-invasive method. This is of great importance for patients with acute myocarditis with immunopathological processes. However, there are very few papers in medical literature which are dedicated to this problem.

Immunological mechanisms of recovery from an acute stage in patients with atopic bronchial asthma.

We have conducted a comparative study of the lymphocyte surface antigens in patients with atopic bronchial asthma (ABA) in an acute stage and during clinical remission of the disease using a wide variety of monoclonal antibodies. In patients with ABA, independently of the stage of the disease, we have observed a decline in the total number of T lymphocytes due to cell reduction in both sub-populations--T helpers and cytotoxic T cells. During the acute phase of the disease a significant increase in the number of B lymphocytes at all stages of differentiation was observed.

Laser irradiation as a potential pathogenetic method for immunocorrection in rheumatoid arthritis.

We investigated the immunocorrective and clinical effect in 75 rheumatoid patients treated with intravenous laser blood irradiation. A relation between the positive immunotropic (as well as therapeutic) effect and the pre-existent immune status of each patient was revealed. A well-defined effect was found in patients with a low level of CIC and a normal count of functional-competent T-cells.

Adenosine as a Modulator of Functional Activity of Peripheral Blood Phagocytes in Asthmatic Patients and Healthy Volunteers.

The influence of adenosine (1.0 &mgr;M) on generation of reactive oxygen species and myeloperoxidase activity of adherent phagocytes from healthy donors and asthmatic patients was studied in vitro. Adenosine enhanced NADP-oxidase activity and inhibited myeloperoxidase in leukocytes from healthy donors.