The Perceived Effectiveness of Cannabidiol on Adult Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

: In this study we analyzed the perceived effectiveness of cannabidiol (CBD) in adult women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). : We conducted an online cross-sectional survey which assessed disease severity and quality of life (QOL) in women with IBD (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) who used CBD versus those who did not. The survey included: the Harvey-Bradshaw Index, Partial Mayo Score, Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, Bristol Stool Scale, and the Prime Screen Short Food Frequency Questionnaire.

Mpox Viral Lineage Analysis and Technique Development Using Next-generation Sequencing Approach.

Background: In response to Mpox endemic and public health emergency, DCHHS aimed to develop NGS based techniques to streamline Mpox viral clade and lineage analysis.

Methods: The Mpox sequencing workflow started with DNA extraction and adapted Illumina's COVIDSeq assay using hMpox primer pools from Yale School of Public Health. Sequencing steps included cDNA amplification, tagmentation, PCR indexing, pooling libraries, sequencing on MiSeq, data analysis, and report generation.

Clinical value of machine learning-based interpretation of I-123 FP-CIT scans to detect Parkinson's disease: a two-center study.

Purpose: Our aim was to develop and validate a machine learning (ML)-based approach for interpretation of I-123 FP-CIT SPECT scans to discriminate Parkinson's disease (PD) from non-PD and to determine its generalizability and clinical value in two centers.

Methods: We retrospectively included 210 consecutive patients who underwent I-123 FP-CIT SPECT imaging and had a clinically confirmed diagnosis. Linear support vector machine (SVM) was used to build a classification model to discriminate PD from non-PD based on I-123-FP-CIT striatal uptake ratios, age and gender of 90 patients.

Hydrogel-stabilized droplet bilayers for high speed solution exchange.

Many applications utilizing artificial lipid bilayers require the ability to exchange the bilayer's solution environment. However, because of the instability of the bilayer, the rate of solution exchange is limited, which significantly hinders the measurement rate and throughput. We have developed an artificial bilayer system that can withstand high flow speeds, up to 2.

Decreased blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein function in the progression of Parkinson's disease, PSP and MSA.

Decreased blood-brain barrier (BBB) efflux function of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport system could facilitate the accumulation of toxic compounds in the brain, increasing the risk of neurodegenerative pathology such as Parkinson's disease (PD). This study investigated in vivo BBB P-gp function in patients with parkinsonian neurodegenerative syndromes, using [11C]-verapamil PET in PD, PSP and MSA patients. Regional differences in distribution volume were studied using SPM with higher uptake interpreted as reduced P-gp function.

Striatal FDOPA uptake and cognition in advanced non-demented Parkinson's disease: a clinical and FDOPA-PET study.

This study sought to determine the nature of the relationship between cognition and striatal dopaminergic functioning in 28 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) using fluorodopa Positron emission tomography (FDOPA-PET) and neuropsychological test scores. Mental flexibility was related to putamen activity while mental organization (executive memory and fluency) was related to caudate FDOPA uptake. Interestingly, the caudate may be more important in the mental components of executive functioning, while the putamen may be more important in the motor components of executive functioning.

Striatal dopaminergic activity (FDOPA-PET) associated with cognitive items of a depression scale (MADRS) in Parkinson's disease.

Motor symptoms form the hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), although other features such as depression are often present. Currently-used depression rating scales measure affective and somatic symptoms. These somatic symptoms of depression can also be core PD symptoms, suggesting an overlap of symptoms between depression and PD.

Unilateral pallidotomy versus bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease: one year follow-up of a randomised observer-blind multi centre trial.

Background: To investigate whether STN stimulation is more efficacious than unilateral pallidotomy in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) one year after surgery.

Method: Thirty-four patients with advanced PD were randomly assigned to unilateral pallidotomy or bilateral STN stimulation. Outcome measures were parkinsonian symptoms in off and on phases (UPDRS 3), dyskinesias, functional status, Parkinson's disease quality of life questionnaire, the effects on separate symptoms, timed tests, patient diaries, dopaminergic drugs changes, adverse effects, and global outcome scale.

Chronic stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus increases daily on-time without dyskinesia in advanced Parkinson's disease.

We assessed the efficacy of chronic stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in 20 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) by means of clinical assessments and patient diaries 12 months after surgery. STN-DBS reduced the UPDRS part III off-medication score by 33%, and successively improved complete daily on-time without dyskinesia at 12 months significantly. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the efficacy of chronic STN-DBS on motor features in a selected population of advanced PD patients.

Disease progression continues in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease and effective subthalamic nucleus stimulation.

Objectives: Glutamate mediated excitotoxicity of the hyperactive subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been reported to contribute to nigral degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Deep brain stimulation of the STN (STN DBS), in its role as a highly effective treatment of severe PD motor complications, has been thought to inhibit STN hyperactivity and therefore decrease progression of PD.

Methods: In a prospective two centre study, disease progression was determined by means of serial (18)F-fluorodopa (F-dopa) positron emission tomography (PET) in 30 patients with successful STN DBS over the first 16 (SD 6) months after surgery.

The nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in familial early onset parkinsonism with parkin mutations.

Nigrostriatal dopaminergic function and cerebral energy metabolism were measured with PET in two brothers with early-onset parkinsonism caused by mutation of the parkin gene. Energy metabolism did not differ, but the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pattern was clearly different than that of sporadic PD. Thus parkinsonism in these two patients was shown to be pathophysiologically different than PD.

Familial parkinsonism with synuclein pathology: clinical and PET studies of A30P mutation carriers.

Background: The authors identified the second known mutation in the alpha-synuclein(SNCA) gene, an alanine-to-proline exchange in amino acid position 30 (A30P), that cosegregates with the disease in one German family with autosomal dominantly inherited parkinsonism (ADP). The authors studied carriers of the A30P mutation to compare the phenotype of this mutation with idiopathic PD (IPD) and to assess nigrostriatal dopaminergic function in symptomatic and preclinical mutation carriers.

Methods: The pedigree of the A30P family spans five generations with five affected individuals.

Valproic acid toxicokinetics: serial hemodialysis and hemoperfusion.

The toxicity and pharmacokinetic properties of a drug determine whether hemodialysis and/or hemoperfusion are indicated in acute intoxications. Valproic acid is considered unremovable by hemodialysis because of the high protein binding of 90%-95%. A 27-year-old male with a history of seizures was admitted to the emergency room because of coma, hypernatriemia, and respiratory failure caused by an intoxication with a large dose of valproic acid.

[Cataractogenic action of accelerated carbon ions with energies of 300 MeV/nucleon].

The influence of carbon ions of 300 MeV/nucleon on the incidence of lenticular opacity has been studied on mice. The cataractogenic efficiency of low carbon ion doses (0.003 to 0.

Radiobiological experiments with plant seeds aboard the biosatellite Kosmos 1887.

The effects of spaceflight factors on the seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana and Crepis capillaris were studied provided with various protective measures: the seeds were located inside the satellite and in open space, protected with aluminium foil and also exposed without the foil cover. When the seeds were in open space without any protection, their viability was found to be suppressed; the survival rate and fertility of plants grown from these seeds were also diminished. An increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations (CA) and in the number of multiple injuries was registered in this case.

[Effect of charged particles of relativistic energy on the number of chromosome aberrations in human blood lymphocytes. Dose-response relationship and the RBE of protons, deuterons and helium ions].

In experiments with human blood lymphocyte culture exposed to fast protons, deuterons and helium ions the frequency and types of chromosome aberrations have been studied. Fast charged particles of a relativistic energy are shown to have a pronounced harmful effect resulting in a sharply increased formation of exchange chromosome aberrations as compared to that produced by gamma-radiation. The RBE coefficients of the particles under study have been determined: their values vary depending on the type of radiation and the tests used.

[Effect of radiations with varying linear energy transfer on the skin of mice].

Experiments were carried out to measure the time and severity of the radiation reaction of the skin of mice exposed to X- and gamma-radiations, protons with energies of 645 and 50 MeV as well as accelerated helium ions at doses of 200 to 4000 rad. It was found that relative biological effectiveness coefficients of 645 and 50 MeV protons were 1.0 and those of helium ions were 1.