The impact of adverse childhood experiences on mental health, sexual risk behaviors, and alcohol consumption in adulthood.

The purpose of the study was to determine how Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) relate to adulthood flourishing, symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, self-reported health, sexual risk behaviors, and alcohol consumption. A quantitative cross-sectional methodology was used. A total of 452 adults completed the survey.

Food Security and Obesity among Mexican Agricultural Migrant Workers.

Mexican migrant farm workers are one of the poorest and most marginalized social groups within the country. They face the double burden of malnutrition, food insecurity, as well as harsh living and labor conditions. : To examine the relationship between household food insecurity (HFI) and obesity in a population of migrant farm workers in highly modernized agribusiness areas of Northwest Mexico.

Is Adolescent Poly-tobacco Use Associated with Alcohol and Other Drug Use?

Objectives: To examine associations between current multiple tobacco product use, and current use of alcohol and marijuana, binge drinking, and lifetime use of marijuana, alcohol, and other drugs among US high school students.

Methods: Using 2013 Youth Risk Behavior Survey data (N = 13,583 high school students), logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine if single tobacco product or multiple tobacco product users are more likely to engage in other risk behaviors than zero tobacco product users, controlling for demographic variables.

Results: Overall, 23% of the sample used tobacco products and 10% of students reported current use of at least 2 tobacco products.

Oxytocin treatment immediately after calving does not reduce the incidence of retained fetal membranes or improve reproductive performance in crossbred Zebu cows.

The objective was to determine the effect of oxytocin treatments after calving on the incidence of RFM and reproductive performance in dual purpose cows under tropical conditions. Five hundred thirty six pluriparous, crossbred Zebu cows were randomly assigned to two groups: Oxy (n = 280): cows were given 30 IU of oxytocin im immediately after normal unassisted calving, and again 6 h later; C (n = 256): control. Expulsion of fetal membranes was evaluated 24 h after delivery.

Clinical results using bioabsorbable staple-line reinforcement for circular stapler in colorectal surgery: a multicenter study.

Introduction: Anastomotic leakage is a serious postoperative complication of open and laparoscopic colorectal surgery, very often associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Despite proper patient selection and surgical technique, anastomotic leakage cannot be avoided. The use of a synthetic, bioabsorbable staple-line reinforcement material for the circular stapler may help reduce its prevalence.

Laparoscopic-assisted endoluminal hybrid surgery: a stepping stone to NOTES.

Background: Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is the anticipated progression of minimally invasive surgery. As it approaches, surgeons will need to develop the fundamental skills and spatial orientation needed to perform safely in this new field. The Natural Orifice Surgery Consortium for Assessment and Research has established several fundamental challenges to the safe introduction of NOTES.

Laparoscopic monitored colonoscopic polypectomy: long-term follow-up.

Background: Colonoscopy is widely used to remove benign polyps. However, a variety of "difficult polyps" are not accessible for colonoscopic removal because of their size, broad base, or difficult location (impossible to see the polyp's base, polyps behind mucosal folds or in tortuous colonic segments). The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term follow-up and oncologic safety of laparoscopically monitored colonoscopic polypectomy (LMCP).

Shortening the postpartum anoestrous interval in suckled crossbred dual purpose cows using progestagen intravaginal sponges plus eCG and PGF(2alpha).

One hundred and twenty-six suckled crossbred cows (Bos taurus x Bos indicus), with body condition score >or=3 (1-5 point scale), were employed in the present study to evaluate the effectiveness of intravaginal progestin-releasing sponges (IVS) for shortening anoestrous interval. Fifty-four cows were assigned to control group. Seventy-two cows were treated with IVS impregnated with 250 mg of medroxy-acetate-progesterone (MAP) as follows: day 0, IVS plus 5 mg of 17beta-E and 50 mg of MAP i.

The use of porcine small intestinal submucosa as a prosthetic material for laparoscopic hernia repair in infected and potentially contaminated fields: long-term follow-up.

Introduction: The treatment of hernias remains controversial, with multiple prosthetic meshes being exalted for a variety of their characteristics. In the event of incarcerated/strangulated hernias and other potentially contaminated fields the placement of prosthetic material remains controversial because of increased risk of recurrence and infection. Porcine small intestinal submucosa mesh (Surgisis, Cook Bloomington, IN) has been demonstrated safe and feasible in laparoscopic hernia repairs in this scenario.

Transvaginal extraction of the specimen after total laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis.

Laparoscopic surgery for colonic disease has experienced an increased utilization by surgeons owing to decreased morbidity, less pain, earlier ambulation, earlier bowel function, fewer complications, decreased narcotic use, and improved cosmesis compared with open colon surgery. Current techniques require an abdominal incision, albeit smaller than an open laparotomy incision, which increases pain and complication rates such as infection, hernia development, and a less pleasing cosmetic result. The ability to perform a totally intracorporeal anastomosis will be an initial step to allow surgeons to perform natural orifice colon surgery in the future.

Laparoscopic intraluminal surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies.

Introduction: Intraluminal surgery began with the advent of endoscopy. Endoscopic endoluminal surgery has limitations; and its failure results in conventional open or laparoscopic interventions with increased morbidity. Laparoscopy-assisted intraluminal surgery is a novel alternative to open or laparoscopic surgery for a failed endoscopic endoluminal technique, minimizing the associated complications.

Long-term experience with the laparoscopic approach to perforated diverticulitis plus generalized peritonitis.

Background: The treatment of perforated diverticulitis is changing form the current standard of laparotomy with resection, Hartmann procedure, and colostomy to a minimally invasive technique. In patients with complicated acute diverticulitis and peritonitis without gross fecal contamination, laparoscopic peritoneal lavage, inspection of the colon, and intraoperative drain placement of the peritoneal cavity appears to alleviate morbidity and improve the outcome. In this article, we report our experience of a laparoscopic peritoneal lavage technique with delayed definitive resection when necessary.

Laparoscopically monitored colonoscopic polypectomy: an established form of endoluminal therapy for colorectal polyps.

Background: Benign polyps, the most common disorders of the colon, are considered by many to be premalignant lesions. Colonoscopy is widely used to remove the majority of these polyps. However, a variety of "difficult polyps" are not accessible for colonoscopic removal because of their location and size, the tortuosity of the colon, or the complexity of the lesion (sessile vs pedunculated).

Response to GnRH on day 6 of the estrous cycle is diminished as the percentage of Bos indicus breeding increases in Angus, Brangus, and Brahman x Angus heifers.

Angus (n=6), Brangus (5/8 Angus x 3/8 Brahman, n=6), and Brahman x Angus (3/8 Angus x 5/8 Brahman, n=6) heifers exhibiting estrous cycles at regular intervals were used to determine if the percentage of Bos indicus breeding influenced the secretory patterns of LH in response to a GnRH treatment on Day 6 of the estrous cycle. Heifers were pre-synchronized with a two-injection PGF(2 alpha) protocol (25 mg i.m.

Efficacy of either a single or split treatment of PGF2alpha after a 14 day melengestrol acetate treatment to synchronize estrus and induce luteolysis in Bos indicus x Bos taurus heifers.

Two experiments evaluated a modified delivery of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) after a melengestrol acetate (MGA) treatment in Angus and Bos indicus x Bos taurus (BI) heifers. Experiment 1 was replicated three times with yearling BI heifers (n = 695). Heifers received MGA (0.

Imaging diagnosis of schistosomiasis japonica--the use in Japan and application for field study in the present endemic area.

For detecting lesions-related schistosomiasis japonica, X-rays, scintillation scanning, ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) and endoscopic examinations with biopsies have been used in Japan. Liver fibrosis and calcified changes are detected by US and CT. Most of the lesions that are detected by endoscopic examinations are due to deposited ova of Schistosoma japonicum.

Synchronization of Bos indicus x Bos taurus cows for timed artificial insemination using gonadotropin-releasing hormone plus prostaglandin F2alpha in combination with melengestrol acetate.

Nonlactating Bos indicus x Bos taurus cows were used in three herds to determine the efficacy of different PGF2alpha treatments in combination with GnRH and melengestrol acetate (MGA) for a timed artificial insemination protocol. The start of the experiment was designated as d 0, at which time cows were assigned a body condition score and received 100 microg of GnRH. Cows were fed MGA (0.

Permanent I-125 brain stem implants in children.

Between 1988 and 1997, 28 children have had iodine-125 implants for CNS tumors performed in our institution. Ten had stereotactic implantation in the brain stem region, and nine had the diagnosis of brain stem glioma (8 diffuse pontine, 1 midbrain tumor). Their ages ranged from 1.

Interactive image-guided surgical resection of intracranial arteriovenous malformations.

Surgical excision is the only treatment method that immediately prevents increased morbidity or mortality as a result of hemorrhage from arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). For those lesions located deep within the cerebral hemispheres or near eloquent areas, conventional surgical resection may be associated with an unacceptable degree of morbidity and mortality. Herein we report our experience in the resection of these lesions using interactive image guidance.

Regional tissue pO2, pCO2, pH and temperature measurement.

We compared the difference in brain tissue oxygen pressure (pO2), carbon dioxide pressure (pCO2), pH and temperature with 2 probes inserted 1 cm apart, in 7 patients. Following a craniotomy for cerebrovascular surgery, two Neurotrend probes which measure pO2, pCO2, pH and temperature were inserted into the brain 1 cm apart. Measures were compared between the probes under baseline anesthetic conditions and during the course of surgery.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific cytotoxic T-cell response in humans: production of target cells by stable expression of HBV-encoded proteins in immortalized human B-cell lines.

To analyze the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response during acute and chronic viral hepatitis, target cells that express HBV-encoded antigens in the context of the appropriate HLA restriction element must be available for each subject studied. Since HBV is not infectious for human cells in vitro, such target cells must be produced by DNA-mediated gene transfer into cultured human primary cells or cell lines. For this purpose, we have developed a panel of Epstein-Barr virus-based episomal expression vectors containing each of the HBV open reading frames under the transcriptional control of the simian virus 40 early promoter.

Improvement of ultrasonographic and serologic changes in Schistosoma japonicum-infected patients after treatment with praziquantel.

We previously reported ultrasonographic and serologic abnormalities in 102 patients infected with Schistosoma japonicum in Leyte, The Philippines. These patients were subsequently treated with praziquantel (3 x 20 mg/kg), and changes in ultrasonographic images and the serum levels of liver function markers in 52 patients were followed up every three months for a period of 17 months. Improvement in the thickening of the portal vein wall and the intensity of echogenic bands was detected six months after treatment with praziquantel.

Ultrasonographic and serologic abnormalities in Schistosoma japonicum infection in Leyte, the Philippines.

We have identified specific ultrasonographic changes in Schistosoma japonicum-infected patients associated with serologic indicators of general liver function. An ultrasonographic examination concomitant with hematologic and biochemical serum analyses was performed on 102 patients at the Schistosomiasis Hospital in Leyte, The Philippines. The ultrasonographic liver images were classified into four patterns, according to the development of periportal fibrosis and the patterns of echogenic bands.

Effect of cytokines on HLA-DR and IL-1 production by a monocytic tumour, THP-1.

The monocytic tumour, THP-1, expresses many of the properties of monocytes, both by cell surface staining and its capacity to produce monokines. It was used as a source of homogenous monocytic cells as a model to determine whether a variety of highly purified or recombinant cytokines could induce HLA-DR expression and the production of interleukin-1 (IL-1). Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) alone induced HLA-DR.