The Role of the Vagus Nerve in the Microbiome and Digestive System in Relation to Epilepsy.

The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) is described as a division of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), located within the gut wall and it is formed by two main plexuses: the myenteric plexus (Auerbach's) and the submucosal plexus (Meissner's). The contribution of the ENS to the pathophysiology of various neurological diseases such as Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease has been described in the literature, while some other studies have found a connection between epilepsy and the gastrointestinal tract. The above could be explained by cholinergic neurons and neurotransmission systems in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, regulating the vagal excitability effect.

(-)-Epicatechin Inhibits Metastatic-Associated Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Murine Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro.

Breast cancer, due to its high incidence and mortality, is a public health problem worldwide. Current chemotherapy uses non-specific cytotoxic drugs, which inhibit tumor growth but cause significant adverse effects. (-)-Epicatechin (EC) is part of a large family of biomolecules called flavonoids.

The Participation of Ca Channels in Epilepsy: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Scientific Literature in Latin America.

Background: Bibliometric analysis allows us to quantify and evaluate scientific activity, and it has become increasingly important in all areas of scientific literature. Thanks to these analyses, we can infer where science should put greater efforts into elucidating the underlying mechanisms of diseases that have yet to be fully described or investigated.

Objective: This paper delves into published articles related to the involvement of calcium (Ca) channels in epilepsy, which is a condition with a high prevalence in Latin America.

 (Orchidaceae, Maxillariinae), a new remarkable species from Ecuador.

Neotropical genus Ruiz & Pav. belongs to one of the most diverse and species-rich groups of orchids. Several of its representatives are popular, horticultural plants with large and showy flowers, often nicely fragranced.

Beneficial Effects of Flavonoids on Skeletal Muscle Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Skeletal muscle (SkM) is a highly dynamic tissue that responds to physiological adaptations or pathological conditions, and SkM mitochondria play a major role in bioenergetics, regulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis, pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance, and apoptosis. Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with the ability to modulate molecular pathways implicated in the development of mitochondrial myopathy. Therefore, it is pertinent to explore its potential application in conditions such as aging, disuse, denervation, diabetes, obesity, and cancer.

Association between Emotional Exhaustion and Tobacco Consumption in Teachers.

Teachers have been reported as having high levels of emotional exhaustion (EE). It has also been observed that tobacco consumption (TC) is higher during stressful events. However, there is little evidence about the association between EE and TC among teachers.

Validation of a European Spanish-version of the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in patients with schizophrenia.

Introduction: Negative symptoms can be grouped into five domains: apathy/avolition, anhedonia, asociality, alogia, and affective flattening. There are few validate self-rated measures that assess these five dimensions. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in Spanish patients with schizophrenia.

Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample.

Objective: Main aims of the study are to examine the early psychological correlates associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of a Spanish older adult sample and to analyze the influence of past mental disorder (PMD) and current mental disorder (CMD) on those correlates.

Methods: Cross-sectional study based on an online snowball recruiting questionnaire. Psychological correlates assessed with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale (IES).

Validation of a European Spanish-version of the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in patients with schizophrenia.

Introduction: Negative symptoms can be grouped into five domains: apathy/avolition, anhedonia, asociality, alogia, and affective flattening. There are few validate self-rated measures that assess these five dimensions. Therefore, this study aimed to validate the Self-Evaluation of Negative Symptoms (SNS) in Spanish patients with schizophrenia.

[Monitoring and impact of the disclosure of five health alerts for drugs in Colombia].

Objective: Make the notification and monitoring compliance with five health drug alerts to a group of health care providers in Colombia.

Methods: Quasi-experimental, prospective, before-after study, without control group, by intervening in physician prescribers of ketoconazole, metoclopramide, nimesulide, diacerein, strontium ranelate. The affiliated population of the contributory system of the Colombian Health System was taken as the universe population sample from 13 health promoting entities (EPS) of Colombia.

Purely horizontal strabismus associated with head tilt.

We present the first case of an otherwise healthy child with a marked left head tilt used to improve a purely horizontal, nonaccommodative deviation. A patching test confirmed strabismus as the etiology of the abnormal head position. The head tilt was dramatically reduced following bilateral medial rectus recession.

Trends in the use and cost of human and analogue insulins in a Colombian population, 2011-2015.

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a common disease among the general population and imposes considerable costs on health care systems. Insulin is used to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus and as an adjuvant to oral agents in advanced stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective was to describe the trends in use and cost of human and analogue insulins for Colombian patients.

Performing easy prone punction.

Introduction: Percutaneous renal surgery has been considered one of the most important advances in urology. There are several possibilities to perform a kidney puncture such as using fluoroscopy, ultrasound or both. The aim of this article is to describe our puncture technique.

Results of the Inclusion of New Medications in the Obligatory Health System Plan in Colombia, 2012-2013.

Background: The Colombian health care system has had a plan with limited benefits, but since 2012, 57 drugs have been added to this plan.

Objectives: The objective of this article was to describe the trends of utilization and costs of medications covered by the Agreement 029/2011 and compare them with those that were contained in the benefits plan.

Methods: This descriptive study involved a group of 3.

Mental imagery-induced attention modulates pain perception and cortical excitability.

Background: Mental imagery is a powerful method of altering brain activity and behavioral outcomes, such as performance of cognition and motor skills. Further, attention and distraction can modulate pain-related neuronal networks and the perception of pain. This exploratory study examined the effects of mental imagery-induced attention on pressure pain threshold and cortical plasticity using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).

Movement observation-induced modulation of pain perception and motor cortex excitability.

Objective: The observation of movements increases primary motor cortex (M1) excitability. This exploratory study examined the effects of movement observation on pressure pain threshold (PPT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-indexed corticospinal excitability bilaterally.

Methods: Thirty healthy right-handed subjects were randomized to a left hand-movement observation task or a control task.

A feasibility study assessing cortical plasticity in chronic neuropathic pain following burn injury.

The aim of this article is to evaluate the neuroplastic changes associated with chronic neuropathic pain following burn injury and modulation feasibility using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). This is a crossover, double-blinded case series involving three patients with chronic neuropathic pain following burn injury. Participants were randomly assigned to undergo single sessions of both sham and active anodal tDCS over the primary motor cortex, contralateral to the most painful site.

Recurrent postoperative perineal hernia: laparoscopic redo mesh repair.

Symptomatic perineal herniation after abdominoperineal resection is a rare complication and its management remains challenging. Recurrent symptomatic perineal hernia after a previous laparoscopic mesh repair is exceptional and no standardized procedure has been deemed the "gold standard of care." To date, this redo laparoscopic mesh repair is only the second report that we could find in the English literature.

The intraoperative staging systems in the management of peritoneal surface malignancy.

The establishment of a rationale guideline for intraoperative staging system the extent of carcinomatosis is warranted. The quantitation of tumor found at the time of surgical exploration of the abdomen has proven to be of value in assessment of prognosis and treatment planning in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Four different assessments systems have been employed more frequently, thus far.

Framework for assessment and monitoring of amphibians and reptiles in the Lower Urubamba region, Peru.

Populations of amphibians and reptiles are experiencing new or increasing threats to their survival. Many of these threats are directly attributable to human activity and resource development. This presents the increasing need for worldwide amphibian and reptile assessments and effective, standardized monitoring protocols.

Second-look surgery after cytoreduction and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer: analysis of prognostic features.

Assuming that peritoneal carcinomatosis is a local/regional dissemination of disease, a treatment strategy utilizing cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy was developed to treat colon cancer. In an attempt to improve knowledge of the mechanisms controlling abdominal and pelvic recurrences and for better selection of patients for reoperation, we studied those patients who had a second-look surgery following cytoreduction for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal cancer. A group of 18 patients with symptoms and signs of recurrent peritoneal carcinomatosis were treated with reoperative surgery after definitive cytoreduction and intraperitoneal chemotherapy.