Infrared laser soft tissue ablation versus ultraviolet excimer laser. Experimental introduction of the Hol:YAG-laser in oral surgery.

The in vivo tissue ablation characteristics of a pulsed infrared laser (Hol:YAG, lambda = 2120 nm) and a pulsed excimer laser (XeCl, lambda = 308 nm) were studied in an animal model. Laser energy was delivered via nylon fibers for the Hol:YAG laser and via quartz fibers for the excimer laser. Laser incisions were made under precise reproducible conditions on the sublingual side of the tongue and the gingiva of white rats.

Comparison of the anti-emetic efficacy of different doses of ondansetron, given as either a continuous infusion or a single intravenous dose, in acute cisplatin-induced emesis. A multicentre, double-blind, randomised, parallel group study. Ondansetron Study Group.

A total of 535 chemotherapy naive, hospitalised patients (263 male/272 female) scheduled to receive cisplatin (50-120 mg m-2)-containing regimens participated in a randomised, double-blind, parallel group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three intravenous dose schedules of ondansetron in the prophylaxis of acute nausea and emesis. One hundred and eighty two patients received a loading dose of 8 mg of ondansetron followed by a 24 h infusion of 1 mg h-1 (group 1); 180 and 173 patients received single doses of 32 mg (group II) and 8 mg (group III) respectively, followed by a 24 h placebo infusion. Complete and major control (less than or equal to 2 emetic episodes) of acute emesis was achieved in 74% of patients in group I, 78% in group II and 74% in group III.

Local benefit of prostaglandin E2 in radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis.

In 15 patients suffering from maxillofacial cancer with radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis the local application of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) tablets, 0.5 mg four times a day at a 4-h interval was performed. Plasma determination of the bicyclo-prostaglandin E2 metabolite showed no significant amount of the locally applied substance in the circulation.

[Multiple keratocysts suggesting the presence of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome: report of 3 patients in a family].

A family of 3 patients with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is described. Although the classical basal cell lesions were absent, the diagnosis was clear. The importance of early detection and regular long-term follow-ups is discussed.

The optimal processing of plasma samples for the determination of bicyclo-PGE in patients with malignant maxillofacial tumors.

Prostaglandins (PGs) have been shown to be increased in several tumor tissues. PGE2 and PGF1-alpha Radioimmunoassays (RIAs) have been widely used for quantitative PG-measurements in cancer patients. Our results indicate that optimal processing of plasma samples for the determination of bicyclo-PGE2 is of the highest importance in order to get reproducible results.

Enhancement of human dental cyst PGI2 formation by platelet derived growth factor and its role in cyst growth and bone resorption.

Various prostaglandins, particularly PGE2 and PGI2, appear to play a major role in osteolytic processes. Radiochromatographic studies have demonstrated that 6-oxo-PGF1-alpha is a major product of exogenously added arachidonic acid in human dental cysts. As platelets may also act as inflammatory cells, platelet-derived growth factor might also have a PGI2-stimulating influence in such cysts.

[Collection, preparation and storage of human plasma for radioimmunologic determination of thromboxane B2].

There are at present several methods available for the quantitative determination of thromboxane B2. However, they give results differing in precision and biological information. If it were possible to exclude sampling and storage artefacts, radioimmunological plasma thromboxane B2 measurement would be the method of choice for routine clinical determinations.

Local prostaglandin E2 in patients with oral malignancies undergoing chemo- and radiotherapy.

Patients undergoing chemo- and/or radiotherapy for malignancies were often found to develop annoying inflammation of the oral mucosa. As prostaglandins are known to be cytoprotective. Prostaglandin E2 was given to 10 patients who received combined radio- and chemotherapy for oral neoplasms.

Indium 111-A-bleomycin--a new tracer for imaging orofacial neoplasms.

Forty-six patients with maxillofacial squamous cell cancer of variable keratinization underwent radioisotope diagnosis using Indium 111-A-bleomycin. This new technique was applied to expand the battery of diagnostic tools available for detecting maxillofacial neoplasms. Its high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (96%) make it well suited for detection of both local and distant recurrences as well as tumor regrowth.

Modulation of NK activity in regional lymph nodes by preoperative immunotherapy with OK-432 in patients with cancer of the oral cavity.

The influence of preoperative perilesional therapy with the potent bacterial biological response modifier (BRM) OK-432 on natural killer (NK) cell activity in peripheral blood and tumor draining lymph nodes (LNs) of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) has been investigated. Pretreatment NK activity in peripheral blood (PB) was comparable within the group of HNC patients. However, after perilesional OK-432 therapy, a significant increase in cytotoxicity was observed by day 8.

Increased plasma-6-oxo-PGF1-alpha but normal PGI2 half-life in patients with maxillo-facial tumors.

In 56 patients with histologically verified maxillo-facial cancer the plasma 6-oxo-PGF1-alpha was determined prior surgery using a specific RIA and the double antibody technique. Furthermore, the half-life of synthetic PGI2 has been assessed via the disappearance curve of biological activity on platelet aggregation inhibition. Part of the patients has been monitored by the same test different time intervals after radical surgery.

Immunohistochemical detection of 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha and PGE2 in radicular cysts.

Prostaglandin synthesis in the wall of radicular cysts was determined by immunohistochemistry and radiothinlayer chromatography. PGE2 is predominantly produced by plasma cells and histiocytic elements, whereas much less is synthesized by fibroblasts and endothelial cells as estimated using immunohistochemistry. 6-oxo-PGF1 alpha, however, was primarily found to be generated by endothelial cells and fibroblasts; only small amounts seem to be derived from histiocytic elements and plasma cells.

[The Helium-neon laser effect on skin and oral mucosal tissue].

The biological effects of the helium-neon (He-Ne) laser on skin and oral mucosa were examined for the first time electron microscopically. Canine epidermis, gingiva and sublingual regions were subjected to treatment by the helium-neon laser with varying exposure times. The exposed tissues were excised immediately after radiation and studied with an electron microscope.

[Complications following orbital floor fractures].

Complications after orbital floor fractures were studied in 76 cases (follow-up time 4 years). The following procedures were performed by the maxillofacial surgeon: repositioning of the orbital floor, tamponade of the maxillary sinus, covering of the defect with Lyodura, autologous bone grafting, and balloon catheterization. A satisfactory result was achieved after the primary operation in 75% of the cases.