[A comprehensive approach to achieving reverification of measles elimination in Venezuela, 2019-2023Abordagem integral para a reverificação da eliminação do sarampo na Venezuela, 2019-2023].

Objective: To describe the comprehensive activities implemented in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela to achieve reverification of measles elimination by 2023.

Methods: Descriptive study of the procedures implemented to achieve reverification of measles elimination by 2023 according to the components set forth in the Regional Framework for the Monitoring and Re-verification of Measles, Rubella, and Congenital Rubella Syndrome Elimination in the Americas, published in 2022.

Results: Due to a measles outbreak that began in epidemiological week (EW) 26 of 2017, Venezuela lost the elimination status which had been conferred in 2016 by the Expert Committee.

[Comprehensive approach to the interruption of the measles outbreak in Venezuela, 2017-2019: lessons learnedAbordagem integral para a interrupção do surto de sarampo na Venezuela, 2017-2019: lições aprendidas].

Objective: Describe the challenges, strategies and lessons learned in Venezuela during the measles outbreak of 2017-2019, and discuss the mechanisms employed for its containment, which led to the interruption of endemic transmission.

Methods: Descriptive study of the actions taken by Venezuela to interrupt the outbreak.

Results: When the outbreak was confirmed, the Venezuelan government, with technical cooperation from the Pan American Health Organization, activated a plan to interrupt measles transmission.

Impact of Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor Therapy on Body Composition, Dietary Intake, Biomarkers, and Quality of Life in People with Cystic Fibrosis: A Prospective Observational Study.

The combination of elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor modulators (ETI) has improved clinical outcomes for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). This study aimed to evaluate changes in nutritional and morphofunctional assessments, as well as anxiety, depression symptoms, and quality of life, in pwCF after starting ETI therapy. This was a prospective observational study.

Comparative SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5 variant and D614G-Wuhan strain infections in ferrets: insights into attenuation and disease progression during subclinical to mild COVID-19.

Introduction: As the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to evolve and new variants emerge, it becomes crucial to understand the comparative pathological and immunological responses elicited by different strains. This study focuses on the original Wuhan strain and the Omicron variant, which have demonstrated significant differences in clinical outcomes and immune responses.

Methods: We employed ferrets as an experimental model to assess the D614G variant (a derivative of the Wuhan strain) and the Omicron BA.

Histopathologic evaluation system of African swine fever in wild boar infected with high (Arm07) and low virulence (Lv17/WB/Riel) isolates.

To understand the clinicopathological forms of African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar, it is crucial to possess a basic knowledge of the biological characteristics of the currently circulating ASF virus isolates. The aim of this work is to establish an accurate and comprehensive histopathologic grading system to standardize the assessment of the ASF lesions in wild boar. The study evaluated the differences between animals infected with a high virulence genotype II isolate (Arm07) (HVI) through intramuscular (IM) (n = 6) and contact-infected (n = 12) routes, alongside those orally infected with a low virulence isolate (Lv17/WB/Riel) (LVI) (n = 6).

Phase Angle as a Predictor of Mortality in Older Patients with Hip Fracture.

The aim of our study is to determine if there is an association between phase angle obtained by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and mortality in older patients with fragility hip fractures. A prospective study of patients over 65 years old and hospitalized with a diagnosis of hip fracture was conducted. BIA was performed 24 to 48 h after surgery.

Multinational Drug Survival Study of Omalizumab in Patients With Chronic Urticaria and Potential Predictors for Discontinuation.

Importance: Treating patients with chronic urticaria using omalizumab has been shown to be safe and effective in randomized clinical trials. Multinational studies on long-term omalizumab performance in chronic urticaria in clinical practice settings are lacking, especially on drug survival. Drug survival, which refers to the length of time that patients are treated with a specific drug, is a comprehensive outcome covering effectiveness, safety, and patient and physician preferences.

Neuropathological lesions in intravenous BCG-stimulated K18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2.

In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, questions emerged about the potential effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, including the neurodegenerative diseases it may contribute to. To explore this, an experimental study was carried out in BCG-stimulated and non-stimulated k18-hACE2 mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2. Viral loads in tissues determined by RT-qPCR, histopathology in brain and lungs, immunohistochemical study in brain (IHC) as well as mortality rates, clinical signs and plasma inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers were assessed.

Forensic findings in urban red fox mortality in the metropolitan area of Madrid, 2014-2022.

The expanding presence of red foxes () in urban and suburban regions could potentially lead to increased instances of human aggression towards this species. We studied 10 deceased red foxes that were submitted by law enforcement agencies in the metropolitan area of Madrid in 2014-2022 because of suspected abuse. Forensic autopsies were performed to establish the cause and manner of death.

Tertiary lymphoid organs in wild boar exposed to a low-virulent isolate of African swine fever virus.

Despite the great interest in the development of a vaccine against African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar, the immunological mechanisms that induce animal protection are still unknown. For this purpose, tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) of wild boar were characterised and compared with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs) by histopathology, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry (CD3, CD79, PAX5, LYVE1, fibronectin). In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (p72) were used to evaluate the presence of ASF virus (ASFV) in blood and tissues samples, respectively.

Intrapancreatic accessory spleens in African swine fever infection of wild boar ().

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS) is one of the most frequent congenital splenic anomalies in humans; however, studies in veterinary medicine are scarce. This study aimed to describe the macroscopic, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of 11 suspected cases of IPAS in wild boar piglets of 3-4 months old. Seven of the 11 animals were immunised with a low virulence isolate of African swine fever virus (ASFV) and subsequently challenged with a highly virulent ASFV isolate (LVI-HVI group).

Forensic investigations of religious rituals involving poultry: a case report.

Animal victims of human cruelty are receiving increasing attention from the press and society. Veterinary pathologists and civic authorities have a duty not only to elucidate the cause, method and manner of death but also to address the motivation behind a case. Poultry are commonly used as offering to gods in Santería rituals (ebós).

Global Subjective Assessment and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form Better Predict Mortality Than GLIM Malnutrition Criteria in Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture.

Unlabelled: The objective of our study is to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in elderly patients with fragility hip fractures through different diagnostic tools and to determine which nutritional assessment tool better predicts mortality.

Methods: This is a prospective study in patients over 65 years of age hospitalized with a diagnosis of hip fracture. A nutritional assessment was performed using several tools: the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and the GLIM criteria.

Colorimetric Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Plasmonic Biosensors and Smartphones.

Low-cost, instrument-free colorimetric tests were developed to detect SARS-CoV-2 using plasmonic biosensors with Au nanoparticles functionalized with polyclonal antibodies (f-AuNPs). Intense color changes were noted with the naked eye owing to plasmon coupling when f-AuNPs form clusters on the virus, with high sensitivity and a detection limit of 0.28 PFU mL (PFU stands for plaque-forming units) in human saliva.

Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms and Their Relationship with Nutritional Status and Mortality in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Anxiety and depression are common in patients with cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients awaiting elective surgery and whether there is an association with their preoperative nutritional status and postoperative mortality.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 215 patients with CRC proposed for surgery.

Usefulness of Muscle Ultrasonography in the Nutritional Assessment of Adult Patients with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Muscle ultrasonography of the quadriceps rectus femoris (QRF) is a technique on the rise in the assessment of muscle mass in application of nutritional assessment. The aim of the present study is to assess the usefulness of muscle ultrasonography in patients with cystic fibrosis, comparing the results with other body composition techniques such as anthropometry, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and handgrip strength (HGS). At the same time, we intend to assess the possible association with the nutritional and respiratory status.

Feline Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Sclerosing Fibroplasia-Extracellular Matrix Proteins and TGF-β1 Immunoexpression.

Feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) has been described as an inflammatory disorder with an eosinophilic component with etiopathogenesis that is still unknown. Sixteen intestinal samples from two veterinary diagnostic services (2014-2017) were included in the study. A histopathological criterion classified the cases into three grades (mild, moderate, and severe) according to the distribution of the lesions and the course.

Bcl-2 Immunoexpression in Feline Epitheliotropic Intestinal T-Cell Lymphomas.

Lymphoma is the most common malignant hematopoietic neoplasm in domestic felines. Twenty-two cases of feline epitheliotropic duodenal T-cell lymphoma were characterized morphologically and immunohistochemically (CD3, Pax5, Ki-67), and Bcl-2 immunoexpression was established. Most cases were in domestic shorthair cats (88.

Poor Physical Performance Is Associated with Postoperative Complications and Mortality in Preoperative Patients with Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction: Poor physical performance has been shown to be a good predictor of complications in some pathologies. The objective of our study was to evaluate, in patients with colorectal neoplasia prior to surgery, physical performance and its relationship with postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality, at 1 month and at 6 months. Methods: We conducted a prospective study on patients with preoperative colorectal neoplasia, between October 2018 and July 2021.

Assessment of body composition in cystic fibrosis: agreement between skinfold measurement and densitometry.

Introduction: few studies have evaluated body composition (BC) through different techniques, and the degree of agreement between them in adults with cystic fibrosis (CF). Objectives: to describe BC using techniques to assess nutritional status and to test their concordance in CF. Methods: a cross-sectional study in CF patients in a clinically stable situation.

Handgrip Strength: Associations with Clinical Variables, Body Composition, and Bone Mineral Density in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Loss of fat-free mass (FFM) is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Handgrip strength (HGS) measures muscle function and may be associated with clinical parameters with prognostic value. Our objectives were to evaluate muscle strength through HGS in CF patients and to determine if there are any associations with respiratory clinical variables, FFM, and bone mineral density (BMD).

Effect of Biscuit Flour and Fermented Defatted "Alperujo" Co-Administration on Intestinal Mucosa Morphology and Productive Performance in Laying Hens.

In this study, the effects of co-administration with biscuit flour and fermented defatted "alperujo" (FDA) on gut health were evaluated in a batch of laying hens (Hy-Line 2015) on a commercial farm. Animals were divided into two groups: control group and treatment group; and histological and morphometric analyses of all sections of the intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum and rectum) were performed at 10, 18, 25, 50 and 75 weeks of age. During the whole productive period, a decrease in the mortality rate ( = 0.