The effect of non-nutritive sweeteners on body weight in rats.

Artificial sweeteners are used to provide a sweet taste to a food while removing the calories associated with sugar. The importance of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) for the control of body weight has never been proved. In this long-term study, 81 rats fed ad libitum on chow and water were given either an 11% sucrose solution, a solution artificially sweetened with saccharin and aspartame or served as controls.

Is fiber satiating? Effects of a high fiber preload on subsequent food intake of normal-weight and obese young men.

This study was designed to test whether a high fiber preload can suppress food intake at a subsequent test meal. Fifty male undergraduates, 31 of normal body weight and 19 at least 15 per cent overweight, participated as paid volunteers. So as not to inhibit spontaneous food intake, they were told that the investigators were studying the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system on cognitive processes and they were given a picture rating task to perform.

Diet-induced changes in serum transaminase and triglyceride levels in healthy adult men. Role of sucrose and excess calories.

Serum transaminase levels were measured as part of a study on the physiologic control of food intake. Twenty-one men, 15 nonobese and six obese, were housed on a metabolic ward for 30 days where they received ad libitum a baseline diet of conventional foods containing 25 to 30 percent of total calories as sucrose for 18 days and a calorically diluted diet containing less than 10 percent sucrose for 12 days. Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels rose significantly when subjects consumed the baseline diet and returned to their original levels on the calorically diluted aspartame-sweetened diet.

Caloric regulation in normal-weight men maintained on a palatable diet of conventional foods.

The spontaneous food intake of six normal-weight male volunteers was measured for 24 days while the subjects were inpatients on a metabolic unit. They were fed a palatable diet of conventional foods and were kept unaware that their food intake was being measured. On days 7-18 the caloric content of their diet was covertly reduced by 25% by substituting aspartame-sweetened analogues for all menu items containing sucrose.

An experimental model for assessing effects of anorectics on spontaneous food intake of obese subjects.

Ad libitum access to food by use of a platter service is a new method for studying spontaneous food intake in obese human subjects. The effect of diethylpropion on energy intake was evaluated by the platter-service method in 2 overweight adult male subjects hospitalized on a metabolic unit for 41 days. This double-blind experiment was divided into 12 consecutive 3-day study periods during each of which the subjects received either 25 mg diethylpropion or a matching placebo before each meal.

Effect of covert nutritive dilution on the spontaneous food intake of obese individuals: a pilot study.

The present study investigated the feasibility of a new experimental approach for studying the effect of covert nutritive dilution on the spontaneous food intake of obese individuals. Eight obese subjects were studied as inpatients on a metabolic unit for 15 days during which time they were unaware that their food intake was being monitored. A platter method of food presentation encouraged ad libitum ingestion.