Comparison of hook plates vs. locking plates for Neer type IIB fractures of lateral end clavicle: A systematic review.

Purpose: Surgical management of the lateral end of clavicle fractures has been a challenge for orthopedic surgeons considering the high rate of non-union. There has been no right and wrong answer to these types of fractures and many methods discussed in the literature, but the 2 most used bony procedures are hook plate and locking plate with or without the use of supplementary soft tissue procedures. The available evidence, in this case, is scarce with questionable reliability.

Imaging and Surveillance of Chronic Aortic Dissection: Current Practice and Future Directions.

Chronic aortic dissection is a complex disease with a heterogenous clinical course. Specialised imaging is necessary for the long-term surveillance of this disease to identify patients who meet the criteria for intervention, and to monitor surgically treated patients for complications. Whilst computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are the most widely utilised modalities, providing a high degree of anatomical detail and reproducible aortic measurements, they are not without significant limitations.

Assessing nexus of spatio-temporal livability and various contemporary factors: A case of Central India from 2001 to 2021.

Climate change exerts a substantial impact on urban livability at a global scale, resulting in an escalation in the frequency of floods, heat waves, and droughts that pose significant challenges to the quality of life in different regions. The current study assesses the livability trends of 166 districts in Central India from 2001 to 2021 by employing a District Livability Index (DLI) and geospatial analysis. It is noted that economic factors, particularly the GSDP and the extent of industrial progress, have a pivotal role in influencing enhancements in livability.

Assessment of cellular immune phenotype of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Bangladeshi children with severe acute malnutrition.

Children suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have a weakened immune system. The relationship between malnutrition and alterations in the frequency of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) remains unclear. This study investigated the altered immune responses in Bangladeshi children with SAM compared to healthy children.

ProtCB-bind: Protein-carbohydrate binding site prediction using an ensemble of classifiers.

Proteins and carbohydrates are fundamental biomolecules that play crucial roles in life processes. The interactions between these molecules are essential for various biological functions, including immune response, cell activation, and energy storage. Therefore, understanding and identifying protein-carbohydrate binding regions is of significant importance.

Improved Limit on Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay of ^{100}Mo from AMoRE-I.

AMoRE searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay using 100 kg of enriched ^{100}Mo. Scintillating molybdate crystals coupled with a metallic magnetic calorimeter operate at milli-Kelvin temperatures to measure the energy of electrons emitted in the decay. AMoRE-I is a demonstrator for the full-scale AMoRE, operated at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory for over two years.

Impact of VRE-active perioperative prophylaxis in liver transplant patients colonized by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci.

Background: Data regarding the effectiveness of vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE) active prophylaxis for preventing early post-liver transplant (LT) VRE infections in VRE-colonized patients are scarce.

Methods: One-hundred-thirty-one pre-LT VRE colonized patients who underwent liver transplantation were enrolled in a retrospective, observational, multicenter study. The incidence of early-onset VRE infections was compared between patients who received active prophylaxis for VRE and those who did not.

Diagnosis of Indian Big Four and monocled Cobra snakebites in envenomed plasma using smartphone-based digital imaging colourimetry method.

Background: Venomous or dry bites can result from snake envenomation. Therefore, developing a detection test for venomous snakebites in envenomed patients can prevented from unnecessary antivenom therapy for dry bites, thereby, saving them from adverse effects and cost of antivenom therapy.

Methodology: This study demonstrates a method for the diagnosis of medically significant 'Big Four' Indian snake venoms (Naja naja, Bungarus caeruleus, Daboia russelii, Echis carinatus) in the plasma of experimentally envenomed animals (envenomed under laboratory conditions).

Integrated virtual screening and compound generation targeting H275Y mutation in the neuraminidase gene of oseltamivir-resistant influenza strains.

Neuraminidase (NA) is an essential enzyme located at the outer layer of the influenza virus and plays a key role in the release of virions from infected cells. The rising incidence of global epidemics has made the urgent need for effective antiviral medications an urgent public health priority. Furthermore, the emergence of resistance caused by specific mutations in the influenza viral genome exacerbates the challenges of antiviral therapy.

Comparative energy demand and carbon footprint analysis of textile waste management systems in Australia.

In modern societies, especially in developed countries, textile waste management has become a critical issue due to overconsumption and throw-away culture. This case study aims to develop a comprehensive quantitative energy demand and carbon footprint analysis model using CCalC2 software to identify the most sustainable end-of-life management practices for the textile waste in Australia, the second-largest consumers of textile products. Results of this study showed that chemical recycling is the best option from the standpoint of saving pulp production energy and recycled pulp material, while it is a carbon-intensive process (6401 kg COeq/1000 kg).

Evolution of long COVID over two years in hospitalised and non-hospitalised survivors in Bangladesh: a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: In developing settings, comparative data on COVID hospitalised survivors (HS) and non-hospitalised survivors (NHS) is scarce. We determined burdens, incidence, evolution, and associated factors of long COVID-19 over two years among these groups.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and recruited confirmed COVID-19 survivors from December 2020 to May 2021 (previously reported).

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, and Calcium Channel Blockers in Hypertensive Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review evaluates the comparative efficacy and safety of antihypertensive therapies, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), in managing hypertension among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. A comprehensive search adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted across five databases, identifying eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the last five years. The included studies examined diverse populations, ranging from pediatric to elderly CKD patients, with interventions tailored to specific subgroups, including those with proteinuria or diabetic kidney disease.

Hippocampal P2X7 and A2A purinoceptors mediate cognitive impairment caused by long-lasting epileptic seizures.

Cognitive impairment and depression are salient comorbidities of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy; it is still unclear whether this frequently drug resistant disease is a cause or consequence of hippocampal damage and its interplay with long-lasting seizure activity (; SE). Thus, a major therapeutic advance in this field is badly needed. We modeled enduring behavioral and electroencephalographic (EEG) seizures in mice by the intraperitoneal injection of kainic acid (KA), and measured the dynamics of the intracellular Ca signals in the hippocampal CA1 area by fiber photometry.

Outcomes After Isolated Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Repairs Using an Anatomic Transtibial Pullout Technique in Patients Older Than 60 Years: A Matched Cohort Study.

Background: Management of isolated medial meniscus posterior root (MMPR) tears is challenging, especially in older patients, where indications for repair must be weighed against potential repair failure and osteoarthritic progression.

Purpose: To compare patient-reported outcomes and incidence of failure after anatomic transtibial pullout repair for isolated MMPR tears in patients >60 versus ≤60 years of age.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Bio-Engineered Silver Nanoparticles, Characterization, and Time-Dependent Toxicity against Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Bio-engineered silver nanoparticles (BE-AgNPs) are receiving discernible attention due to their diverse application history; however, the interaction of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with the environment and their toxicity in aquatic organisms is a matter of concern debate. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the bio-fabrication of Ag-NPs using Bellis perennis (B. perennis) plant flower extract and to assess their toxicity against Cyprinus carpio as an aquatic model organism.

The Impact of Dynamic Lighting on Sleep Timing and Duration for Hospitalised Patients.

Poor sleep is common in hospitalised patients due to multiple factors, including disruption of the circadian rhythm. Few studies have examined programmable artificial lighting systems in hospital patient rooms, and few have achieved meaningful improvement in sleep. We sought to determine how novel dynamic lighting affects sleep timing and duration compared to standard hospital lighting.

Comparison of ROX index with modified indices incorporating heart rate, flow rate, and PaO/FiO ratio for early prediction of outcomes among patients initiated on post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula therapy.

Background: Incorporation of heart rate, flow rate, and PaO/FIO (PF) ratio to ROX index has been postulated to better predict high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) usage outcomes in post-extubation setting. Therefore, we aimed to compare ROX index with new modified indices to predict HFNC outcomes in the post-extubation setting.

Methods: This single-centre 6-year retrospective study included subjects initiated on HFNC post-extubation.

Rare but specific: 5-bp composite motifs define SMAD binding in BMP signaling.

Background: Receptor-activated SMADs trimerize with SMAD4 to regulate context-dependent target gene expression. However, the presence of a single SMAD1/5/8 binding motif in cis-regulatory elements alone does not trigger transcription in native contexts. We hypothesize that binding to composite motifs in which at least two SMAD binding sites are in close proximity would be enough to induce transcription as this scenario allows the simultaneous interaction of at least two SMAD proteins, thereby increasing specificity and affinity.

Anticancer efficacy of Spiruchostatin A: current insights into histone deacetylase inhibition and oncologic applications.

Spiruchostatin A also referred to as YM753 and OBP801, a cyclic peptide-based natural product derived from Pseudomonas sp., is distinguished by its potent inhibition of Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs). The modulation of epigenetic mechanisms by HDAC inhibitors is fundamental for altering gene expression related to cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation, highlighting their potential in oncologic therapies.

Artificial intelligence based classification and prediction of medical imaging using a novel framework of inverted and self-attention deep neural network architecture.

Classifying medical images is essential in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). Although the recent success of deep learning in the classification tasks has proven advantages over the traditional feature extraction techniques, it remains challenging due to the inter and intra-class similarity caused by the diversity of imaging modalities (i.e.

Developing a seasonal-adjusted machine-learning-based hybrid time‑series model to forecast heatwave warning.

Heatwaves pose a significant threat to environmental sustainability and public health, particularly in vulnerable regions and rapidly growing cities. They cause water shortages, stress on plants, and an overall drying out of landscapes, reducing plant growth-the basis of energy production and the food chain. Accurate heatwave forecasting is crucial for early warning systems, public health interventions, and disaster preparedness strategies, reducing heat-related mortality risk through modeling and evaluation of warnings.

RNA-seq-based identification of imidacloprid resistance mechanisms in Nilaparvata lugens and development of diagnostic tools for the CYP6ER1 variant.

Neonicotinoid insecticides, such as imidacloprid, have been used for over three decades to control major agricultural pests, including brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens), aphids, and other sap-feeding insects. However, the extensive use of imidacloprid has led to widespread resistance across Asia in many pest populations. Bioassay results demonstrated significant resistance in N.

A sprayable long hairpin dsRNA formulated with layered double hydroxide against the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis: Control efficacy in a greenhouse and influence on beneficial insects.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism regulating gene expression at a post-transcriptional level in eukaryotes. Suppression of vacuolar-ATPase B subunit (vATPase-B) expression resulted in lethality to the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, following oral administration of the gene-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for RNAi. This study aimed to enhance the insecticidal activity of sprayable dsRNA against the thrips.

Key Findings and Recommendations from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Curriculum Quality Survey of U.S. Pharmacy School Faculty.

Objective: To evaluate the faculty perspectives on how well pharmacy programs achieve key areas in the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) faculty survey, including administration, governance, faculty development, infrastructure, curriculum, teaching, and student supervision.

Methods: AACP Curriculum Quality Survey (CQS) data from 2016 - 2023 were analyzed. The survey included 40 Likert-scale questions (1-5: Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree).