What the young physician should know about May-Thurner syndrome.

May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) is an anatomically variable condition resulting in compression of the left common iliac vein between the right common iliac artery and the underlying spine with subsequent development of a left deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Although this syndrome is rare, its true prevalence is likely underestimated. Mainly, clinical symptoms and signs include, but are not limited to, pain, swelling, venous stasis ulcers, skin pigmentation changes and post-thrombotic syndrome.

Carotid and vagal body paragangliomas.

Between 1972 and 2012, 25 patients presenting 32 paragangliomas of the neck were observed. Tumor locations included the carotid body (CBTs) in 21 patients and the vagus nerve in 4. Four patients had bilateral CBT and one a bilateral vagal tumor; a metachronous bilateral jugulare paraganglioma was diagnosed in one patient with bilateral CBT Shamblin type III.

Kidney transplantation and large anastomotic pseudoaneurysm. Transplant management considerations.

Aim: Pseudoaneurysm (PA) at the anastomosis site in kidney transplantation is a rare but serious complication that usually requires graft nephrectomy. Literature reports are sporadic and usually focused on limb rather than graft salvage. In this paper we focus on this last point.

Endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic anastomotic pseudoaneurysm. The experience of two centers.

Introduction: Abdominal aortic pseudoaneurysms are a rare but serious complication of aortic surgery. Treatment with traditional open surgery is associated with a high rate of perioperative mortality and morbidity. Endovascular treatment is less invasive and guarantees lower mortality and morbidity rates.

Altered expression of inflammation-related genes in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques.

Objective: Inflammation is a pivotal process in atherosclerosis development and progression, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely obscure. We have conducted an extensive expression study of atherosclerotic plaques to identify the inflammatory pathways involved in atherosclerosis.

Methods: We studied 11 human carotid plaques, their respective adjacent regions and 7 control arteries from different subjects.

How should I treat concomitant post-endarterectomy carotid pseudoaneurysm and contralateral symptomatic stenosis?

Background: A 74-year-old male patient complaining of crescendo TIAs, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.

Investigation: Duplex ultrasound scan MR angiography.

Diagnosis: Pseudoaneurysm stemming from the ICA.

External iliac artery pseudoaneurysm complicating renal transplantation.

Objectives: To assess the etiology, management and outcome of iliac pseudoaneurysms following renal transplantation.

Methods: Eleven patients who underwent repair between 1982 and 2007 were identified. Five (Group 1) presented pseudoaneurysm at the anastomosis of the donor renal and native iliac arteries, and six (Group 2) presented iliac pseudoaneurysm following transplant nephrectomy.

Decreased paraoxonase-2 expression in human carotids during the progression of atherosclerosis.

Objective: Many gene products involved in oxidation and inflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We investigated paraoxonase 2 (PON2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and 5-LO activating protein (FLAP) expression and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in carotid lesions to assess their involvement in plaque formation.

Methods And Results: We measured gene expression and MDA levels in atherosclerotic plaques from 59 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, and in plaque-adjacent tissue from 41/59 patients.

Endovascular versus open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm with concomitant malignancy.

Background: The management of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and concurrent malignancy is controversial. This study retrospectively assessed the outcome of endovascular repair (EVAR) and open repair (OR) for the treatment of AAA in patients undergoing curative treatment for concomitant malignancies.

Methods: All patients who underwent surgery for a nonruptured infrarenal AAA of > or =5.

Delayed diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma of the common femoral artery after endovascular repair.

Purpose: To describe a unique case of misdiagnosed leiomyosarcoma of the common femoral artery presenting with signs and symptoms of high-grade stenosis, which was treated with stent placement.

Case Report: A 31-year-old woman with a history of diabetes and hyperlipidemia had recurrent claudication and showed significant in-stent restenosis of the common femoral artery in a postoperative angiogram at 5 months. The patient's clinical stage remained unchanged after repeat percutaneous intervention, and leiomyosarcoma was diagnosed from surgical specimens.

Intracardiac migration of nitinol TrapEase vena cava filter and paradoxical embolism.

The nitinol TrapEase inferior vena cava filter is a new device for pulmonary embolism prophylaxis. No cases of filter migration or filter-related complications with this type of device have so far been described. We report a case of intracardiac migration of this filter in a patient with a patent foramen ovale, resulting in severe cardiogenic shock, cerebral and right arm paradoxical embolism.