Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: Complete versus Partial Hydatidiform Moles.

Hydatidiform moles, including both complete and partial moles, constitute a subset of gestational trophoblastic diseases characterized by abnormal fertilization resulting in villous hydrops and trophoblastic hyperplasia with or without embryonic development. This involves chromosomal abnormalities, where one or two sperms fertilize an empty oocyte (complete hydatidiform mole (CHM); mostly 46,XX) or two sperms fertilize one oocyte (partial hydatidiform mole (PHM); mostly 69,XXY). Notably, recurrent occurrences are associated with abnormal genomic imprinting of maternal effect genes such as (chromosome 19q13.

RETRACTED: Bahmad et al. Histopathologic Findings Associated with Miller-Dieker Syndrome: An Autopsy Report. 2022, , 95.

The Journal retracts the article, Histopathologic Findings Associated with Miller-Dieker Syndrome: An Autopsy Report [...

Clinical Significance of SOX10 Expression in Human Pathology.

The embryonic development of neural crest cells and subsequent tissue differentiation are intricately regulated by specific transcription factors. Among these, , a member of the gene family, stands out. Located on chromosome 22q13, the gene encodes a transcription factor crucial for the differentiation, migration, and maintenance of tissues derived from neural crest cells.

Concomitant Use of Steroids and Immunotherapy in a Patient With Paraneoplastic Dermatomyositis and Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune pathologies often associated with occult malignancies. Glucocorticoids (GCs) represent the initial therapy to control symptoms and avoid complications. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shifted the paradigm of cancer treatment.

The Usefulness of Elastin Staining to Detect Vascular Invasion in Cancer.

Tumor prognosis hinges on accurate cancer staging, a pivotal process influenced by the identification of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), i.e., blood vessel and lymphatic vessel invasion.

Unraveling the Mysteries of Perineural Invasion in Benign and Malignant Conditions.

Perineural invasion (PNI) is defined as the dissemination of neoplastic cells within the perineural space. PNI can be a strong indicator of malignancy and is linked to poor prognosis and adverse outcomes in various malignant neoplasms; nevertheless, it can also be seen in benign pathologic conditions. In this review article, we discuss various signaling pathways and neurotrophic factors implicated in the development and progression of PNI.

A Large Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma Mimicking an Angiomyolipoma on Pre-operative Imaging: A Case Report.

Retroperitoneal masses present a diagnostic challenge due to their elusive origin and varied clinical manifestations. Among these masses, retroperitoneal liposarcomas, rare tumors of mesenchymal origin, often grow asymptomatically until compressing surrounding structures, necessitating accurate and early diagnosis. Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) have also been reported to mimic retroperitoneal liposarcomas on radiographic imaging, further complicating diagnostic processes.

Routine elastin staining improves venous invasion detection in colorectal carcinoma.

Background: Colorectal carcinoma is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in North America. Invasion of tumor cells into lymphatic and blood vessels is an imperative step in the metastatic progression of colorectal carcinoma.

Objectives: This is a before-and-after study conducted by the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine of Mount Sinai Medical Center of Florida to assess the impact on venous invasion (VI) detection by implementing routine elastin staining on all tumor-containing blocks per case, where feasible, in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) resection specimens.

Colonic Ganglioneuroma: A Combined Single-Institution Experience and Review of the Literature of Forty-Three Patients.

Ganglioneuromas (GNs) are rare, benign tumors composed of ganglion cells, nerve fibers, and glial cells. Three types of colonic GN lesions exist: polypoid GNs, ganglioneuromatous polyposis, and diffuse ganglioneuromatosis. Less than 100 cases of GN are documented in the literature.

Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition-Related Markers in Prostate Cancer: From Bench to Bedside.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent type of cancer in men worldwide, with 288,300 new cases and 34,700 deaths estimated in the United States in 2023. Treatment options for early-stage disease include external beam radiation therapy, brachytherapy, radical prostatectomy, active surveillance, or a combination of these. In advanced cases, androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is considered the first-line therapy; however, PCa in most patients eventually progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) despite ADT.

Improving documentation of blood product administration using a standardized electronic health record-based system: a single-institution experience.

Objectives: To improve documentation of blood product administration by assessing the completion status of blood transfusions. In this way, we can ensure compliance with the Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies standards and facilitate investigation of potential blood transfusion reactions.

Methods: This before-and-after study includes the implementation of an electronic health record (EHR)-based, standardized protocol for documenting the completion of blood product administration.

A study of somatic variants and their putative effect on protein properties in malignant mesothelioma.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of somatic mutations in and in malignant mesothelioma and their putative impact on protein properties.

Methods: Eighteen cases of malignant mesothelioma were retrieved from the archives and for next generation sequencing analysis of and genes. Variants were analyzed using Ensembl VEP17, Polyphen 2.

Anti-Cancer Stem-Cell-Targeted Therapies in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-most commonly diagnosed cancer in men around the world. It is treated using a risk stratification approach in accordance with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) in the United States. The main treatment options for early PCa include external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), brachytherapy, radical prostatectomy, active surveillance, or a combination approach.

, and Gene Alterations Associated with Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma of the Parotid Gland.

Sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA) is a rare neoplasm occurring in the salivary glands, mainly the parotid gland. Although it was originally thought to represent a non-neoplastic process, recent genetic data have proven its monoclonality, supporting its neoplastic origin. We report a case of a 73-year-old woman who presented with left neck swelling and pain.

Brenner Tumor of the Ovary: A 10-Year Single Institution Experience and Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Brenner tumors (BTs) are surface-epithelial stromal cell tumors that are categorized by the World Health Organization as benign, borderline, and malignant. Due to the rarity of BTs, the published literature on these tumors is comprised primarily of case reports and small retrospective studies. We performed a pathology database review spanning the last ten years at our institution revealing nine reported benign BTs.

Diffuse pulmonary ossification: A case report unveiling clinical and histopathological challenges.

Diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare pulmonary condition characterized by the diffuse formation of mature bone in the lungs. Pulmonary ossification, in general, can be subdivided into diffuse pulmonary ossification (DPO) and nodular pulmonary ossification (NPO). DPO occurs most commonly in the settings of chronic pulmonary conditions; however, idiopathic cases have been reported.

Drug Repurposing in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Old Solutions for New Problems.

Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in 2022. The majority (80%) of lung cancer cases belong to the non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) subtype. Despite the increased screening efforts, the median five-year survival of metastatic NSCLC remains low at approximately 3%.

Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting as Syncope due to Saddle Pulmonary Tumor Embolism.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is defined as the obstruction of the pulmonary artery or one of its branches by a blood clot, tumor, air, or fat emboli originating elsewhere in the body. A saddle PE occurs when the obstruction affects the bifurcation of the main pulmonary artery trunk. We present a case of a 46-year-old man who presented to our hospital due to an episode of syncope.

Histopathologic Findings Associated with Miller-Dieker Syndrome: An Autopsy Report.

Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital lissencephaly (absent or diminished cerebral gyri), facial dysmorphisms, neurodevelopmental retardation, intrauterine fetal demise, and death in early infancy or childhood. We present a case of a 4-year-old girl with MDS (17p13.3p13.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising in a Zenker diverticulum.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in a Zenker diverticulum (ZD) is an extremely rare entity. Approximately 50 cases have been reported worldwide. We report a case of a 74-year-old man who presented to our institution with chronic regurgitation, dysphagia and halitosis.

Heterotopic mesenteric ossification: a report of two cases.

Heterotopic mesenteric ossification (HMO) is abnormal bone formation in tissues which usually do not undergo ossification. There are approximately 75 cases reported worldwide. We present two cases of HMO.

ROS1 altered breast cancers - a distinctive molecular subtype of PR- metastatic breast cancers: Expanding the scope of targeted therapeutics.

Background: Breast cancer, one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide, exhibits wide-ranging histo-morphologic, clinical and molecular diversity.

Objective: This study compares the genetic alterations of breast tumors with the histo-morphological, hormone receptor status and metastatic "organotropism".

Materials And Methods: Twenty-two cases of primary invasive breast carcinoma with local/distant metastasis were retrieved from the pathology archives.